Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this single-center study, a consecutive cohort of 59 adult patients transplanted with HLA-identical bone marrow and receiving graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis with either standard cyclosporine/methotrexate (n = 33) or partial T cell depletion (E-rosetting) (TCD, n = 26 were analyzed). Only patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in first chronic phase or acute leukemia/myelodysplasia in first or second remission were included. Except for age (median 28 vs 42 years), both groups were comparable in terms of diagnosis, conditioning regimen and growth factor support. TCD significantly reduced >grade II acute GVHD (0 vs 24%, P = 0.02), chronic GVHD (8.5 vs 45%, P = 0.007) and other major bone marrow transplant (BMT)-related complications (4 vs 36%, P = 0.005). TCD decreased overall transplant-related mortality (11.5 vs 36%, P = 0.04). In the TCD group faster neutrophil (13 vs 22 days, P = 0.02) and platelet recoveries (18 vs 26 days, P < 0.001) were noted. The relapse risk was higher after TCD (57.5 vs 21.5%, P = 0.04). Overall survival probability at 10 years was identical in both groups (54 vs 53.5%, P = 0.33). We found a relationship between the number of T cells in the graft and the occurrence of major complications (P < 0.001) and relapse (P = 0.03). This comparative analysis shows that graft-derived T cells have a major role in overall BMT-related toxicity and that partial TCD is an acceptable approach in terms of survival for patients between 40 and 50 years of age.
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PMID:The impact of partial T cell depletion on overall transplant-related toxicity, graft function and survival after HLA-identical allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in standard risk adult patients with leukemia. 1175 44

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) remains the major problem to be overcome in transplantation of allogeneic haemopoietic stem cells. Using immunosuppressive prophylaxis with cyclosporin and methotrexate, moderate to severe acute GVHD develops in approximately 45% of transplant recipients with an HLA-identical sibling donor and in >75% of patients from unrelated HLA-identical or partially matched related donors. The pathophysiology of GVHD is complex and still incompletely described. Experimental and clinical data indicate that GVHD is largely mediated by immunocompetent T cells in the donor stem cell graft which are reactive against recipient (host) tissues. Depletion of these immunocompetent T cells from the stem cell graft offers a way to effectively prevent GVHD. The first section of this review describes the technical principles of different methods of T cell depletion. The advantages, limitations and level of T cell depletion achievable by physical methods or by positive and negative immunoselection procedures using monoclonal antibodies are comprehensively discussed. A short section concentrates on technical problems in the enumeration of T cells in the context of depletion efficiency. In the section on clinical studies, the focus is on the efficacy of different T cell depletion methods in avoiding GVHD in different clinical settings. The various methods are compared in transplantation from HLA-identical and nonidentical siblings or matched unrelated donors. The major drawbacks of T cell depletion are discussed in detail. Failure of engraftment and graft rejection is a more frequent problem following T cell-depleted transplants, particularly with HLA nonidentical donor-recipient pairs. An increase in leukaemic relapse rate is seen in certain haematological malignancies, especially in chronic myeloid leukaemia. Delayed recovery of anti-infectious immunity occurs, leading to an increased incidence of cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus related problems. The aim of this review is not only to give an overview of published studies but also to review strategies to circumvent the drawbacks of TCD. Consequently, we attempt to describe the potential role of cells removed by different depletion methods in graft protection, anti-infectious immunity and graft-versus-leukaemia reactivity. Finally, the possibility of recovering all components of the original graft and readministering them in controlled amounts and at controlled times is discussed. This strategy of 'balanced component therapy' may allow the combination of a low rate and severity of GVHD without the disadvantages of T cell depletion.
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PMID:A comparative review of methods for T cell depletion in the prophylaxis of graft-versus-host disease. 1802 May 49