Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023473 (chronic myeloid leukemia)
 18,916 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An increase in the serum copper (Cu++) level has been described as a sensitive index of disease activity in several hematologic and nonhematologic malignancies. In order to explore the diagnostic value of Cu++ compared to other hematochemical parameters frequently abnormal in malignancies, Cu++, serum alpha2 globulin (alpha2), plasmatic fibrinogen (Fibr), the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and serum iron (Fe++) have been detected and evaluated in 267 patients affected with the following diseases: Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas (NHL), Acute Leukemias (AL), Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), Myeloma (MM), and Breast Cancer (BC). The best correlation between Cu++ increase and disease activity has been found in HL, NHL, AL, and BC. In these diseases, when the considered parameters were compared, Cu++ and ESR showed a similar pattern, i.e., a high frequency of abnormalities in active disease. It is concluded that Cu++ represents a good complement to some other aspecific parameters in evaluating the activity and diffusion of neoplasias and the therapeutic results, particularly in HL, NHL, AL and BC.
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PMID:The diagnostic value of serum copper levels and other hematochemical parameters in malignancies. 7 79

In proliferative diseases of the homeopathic system before starting and at the end of treatment, the values of 8 acute phase factors were studied simultaneously, that is: seromucoid, sialic acid, alpha 1 acid glycoprotein, alpha 1 antitrypsin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, transferrin, and fibrinogen. In chronic myeloid and lymphatic leukaemia no constant increase nor decrease of the concentration of any of the factors was found. In non-Hodgkin lymphoma the concentration of one factor -ceruloplasmin was constantly increased, and that of two factors--sialic acid and fibrinogen was decreased, while in plasmocytoma the concentration of two factors--haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin was constantly increased. At the end of treatment the concentration of certain factors was changing. In chronic myeloid leukaemia the concentration of ceruloplasmin, fibrinogen, and seromucoid was decreasing, while in non-Hodgkin lymphoma the concentration of haptoglobin and fibrinogen was increasing, in chronic lymphatic leukaemia the concentration of haptoglobin and increasing, in chronic lymphatic leukaemia the concentration of haptoglobin and transferrin was increasing, and in plasmocytoma the concentration was increasing of haptoglobin, sialic acid, and transferrin. The result of treatment in chronic myeloid leukaemia was good, in non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphatic leukaemia--moderate, and in plasmocytoma it was least beneficial.
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PMID:[Factors of the "acute phase" in proliferative diseases of the hemopoietic system]. 129 50

We investigated the hemorheological, hematological and biochemical parameters in 30 cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), 21 cases of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and 30 cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). The parameters studied include whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), red cell filterability, hematocrit, platelet count and aggregation, fibrinogen, hemoglobin, leucocyte count, bleeding time and lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH). In the cases of ALL we observed significant decrease in whole blood viscosity, hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet count but an increase in plasma viscosity, fibrinogen, bleeding time and LDH activity. In the cases of AML, we observed increase in whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, ESR, fibrinogen, leucocyte count, bleeding time and LDH activity but decrease in the hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet count. In the cases of CML, we observed an increase of whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, ESR, fibrinogen elevation but decreases in bleeding time. In all cases, red cell filterability was unaffected.
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PMID:Blood viscosity parameter correlation with types of leukemia. 150 91

In a group of stable, nonthrombocytopenic leukemia patients awaiting bone marrow transplantation, results of paired allogeneic radiolabeled platelet kinetic measurements were correlated with the results of several different platelet and lymphocytotoxic antibody tests to determine which parameters could be used to identify patients who were alloimmunized to platelets. Seven patients with acute leukemia who had been transfused during induction therapy were used as the test group, and, as a control group, five untransfused patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia were also studied. Concurrent fibrinogen survival measurements were performed in all patients to assess whether hemostatic factor consumption (ie, disseminated intravascular coagulation) was present. Allogeneic platelet survival measurements were reduced from normal in all 12 study patients. In 8 of 12 patients, fibrinogen and platelet survival measurements were comparably reduced, suggesting disease-related platelet consumption. In four heavily transfused patients with acute leukemia, allogeneic platelet survivals were markedly reduced to less than or equal to 2.1 days, compared with the 3.5- to 7.4-day platelet survival measurements found in the other eight patients. The disproportionately short platelet survivals compared with fibrinogen survival measurements in these four patients, combined with documented positive antibody tests to their donors' platelets in the three patients with evaluable tests, suggested that these patients had become alloimmunized to platelets because of their prior transfusions. There was substantial concordance between the two radiolabeled allogeneic donor platelet survival measurements performed in each of these patients, suggesting that host rather than donor factors have a major influence on transfusion outcome (r = .93, P less than .001). The platelet cross-match tests, using the radiolabeled protein Staph A assay combined with the IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test, had the best correlation with the posttransfusion recovery and survival of the donors' platelets.
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PMID:Identification of alloimmunized patients: use of radiolabeled allogeneic platelet kinetic measurements and platelet antibody tests. 203 19

Therapy with vincristine (2 mg i.v. weekly) and prednisolone (100 mg p.o. daily) caused a decrease in fibrinogen levels in nine patients treated for lymphoid blast crisis LBC) of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). During the first days of treatment disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), evidence by a positive ethanol gelation test, markedly increased thrombin-antithrombin III complex and fibrin-split product D-dimer levels, and a rapid fall in fibrinogen levels was observed in two patients. The induction of DIC in these two patients caused profuse bleeding in one and necessitated substitution therapy with fibrinogen and platelet concentrates. The remaining seven patients revealed no signs of DIC; nevertheless, four of them showed a moderate increase in D-dimer levels after initiation of therapy. In these patients a well-known side effect of long-term steroid therapy, namely a decrease of fibrinogen levels, was observed within the first week of treatment. Fibrinogen levels did not fall below 150 mg/dl and increased after dose reduction from 100 mg/day to 50 mg/day. We conclude from our results that two types of disturbances in fibrinogen metabolism can be observed during vincristine/prednisolone therapy of LBC of CML: (a) a decrease of fibrinogen levels due to a steroid-mediated impairment of liver synthesis, and (b) a rapid fall in fibrinogen levels in the course of DIC, most likely induced by the release of procoagulants from deteriorating blast cells, leading to severe bleeding in selected cases.
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PMID:Disseminated intravascular coagulation and decrease in fibrinogen levels induced by vincristine/prednisolone therapy of lymphoid blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia. 204 63

We quantitatively assayed the levels of cross-linked fibrin degradation products (D dimer) in plasma at 73 points in time in 32 patients with elevated fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) in serum. The assay of FDP was performed on serum samples prepared in test tubes containing 5 U/ml thrombin (final concentration) by a method based on latex agglutination using antifibrinogen antibodies, and the levels of D dimer in plasma were determined by a newly developed latex immunoassay using monoclonal antibodies which do not cross-react with fibrinogen. 5 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) had highly elevated FDP levels with normal levels of D dimer. Plasma samples from such patients with CML were treated with various concentrations of thrombin (2-10 U/ml) and after the removal of fibrin clots the levels of FDP in supernatants were assayed by the FDP assay procedure described above. The levels of FDP were normalized when plasma were treated with 10 U/ml thrombin. In 2 patients with CML who had elevated levels of FDP in serum, it was impossible to remove fibrinogen completely by addition of 5 U/ml thrombin. However, FDP levels in the sera treated with 5 U/ml thrombin were almost normal in normal controls and patients with other diseases than CML. From these results it is concluded that residual fibrinogen reacted in the assay procedure as markedly increased FDP in supernatants and elevated FDP levels in serum reflected fibrinogen-related materials, which may not completely polymerize in the presence of lower concentrations of thrombin in some patients with CML. The assay of D dimer in plasma using monoclonal antibodies is recommended in cases of CML to rule out disseminated intravascular coagulation.
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PMID:Role of D dimer in patients with elevated fibrinogen degradation products in serum: further study in chronic myelogenous leukemia. 212 66

The number and functional activity of membrane glycoproteins (GP) Ib and IIb/IIIa were investigated in platelets from 11 patients with myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). Three patients had essential thrombocythaemia, two had chronic myeloid leukaemia and six had polycythaemia vera. The numbers of GPIb and GPIIb/IIIa molecules were detected on the platelet surface using different 125I-labelled monoclonal antibodies. The functional properties of GPIb and GPIIb/IIIa were evaluated using purified 125I-labelled asialo von Willebrand factor (vWF) and purified 125I-labelled fibrinogen, respectively, in a binding assay. Binding of the anti-GPIIb/IIIa antibody was decreased by 40% in almost all patients studied and, when measured, it was accompanied by decreased fibrinogen binding to activated platelets. Binding of anti-GPIb antibodies to platelets was also slightly decreased or virtually the same in eight out of 11 patients. The decrease correlated with decreased binding of asialo vWF. The increased plasma glycocalicin levels, measured in four patients, depended on the high platelet count. Scatchard analysis revealed normal receptor binding affinity for all ligands tested in all but one patient. In this report we demonstrate that abnormalities in the concentrations of GPIIb/IIIa membrane proteins are commonly present in patients with MPD, while a decrease in GPIb concentration is also seen, although in fewer patients. These abnormalities are accompanied by a concurrent decrease in the respective receptor functions. These findings may explain part of the haemorrhagic tendency often encountered in MPD.
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PMID:Platelet membrane abnormalities in myeloproliferative disorders: decrease in glycoproteins Ib and IIb/IIIa complex is associated with deficient receptor function. 260 23

Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia was diagnosed in the course of haematopoietic and lymphatic disorders such as chronic granulocytic leukemia, chronic myelofibrosis, chronic lymphatic leukemia, Osler's disease, chronic monocytic leukemia, and lymphoplasmocytic lymphoma, in 11 patients (6 women and 5 men) aged between 33 and 81 years (mean age 58.8 years) treated at the Haematological Out-Patient Clinic of the Postgraduate Medical Education Centre within 1977-1987. The following laboratory tests were carried out: 1) morphology of the peripheral blood and bone marrow, especially some haematological parameters concerning erythrocytes and blood platelets; 2) biochemical tests reflecting erythrocytes disintegration; 3) haemostasis. All examined patients suffered from haemolytic anaemia of various degree with characteristic changes in erythrocyte shape (helmets, tear-drops etc.). Haemolytic origin of anaemia was confirmed by the increased LDH activity. In the majority of patients no compensative stimulation of haematopoiesis (reticulocytosis, red blood cells hyperproliferation in bone marrow) was seen. Clinical symptoms of haemostatic disorders such as haemorrhagic diathesis and vein thrombosis were diagnosed in 50% of the patients. Blood platelet counts ranged from markedly decreased to significantly increased. Bone marrow smears did not show increased number of megacariocytes. Bleeding time was prolonged in the majority of examined patients while prothrombin index--decreased). Abnormal fibrinogen levels (decreased or increased) were found in the majority of patients with fibrin degradation products. Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia in these patients differ from the typical Moschowitz's disease clinically probably due to the lack of compensative stimulation of erythropoiesis and lower thrombocytopenia.
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PMID:[Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia in patients with diseases of the hematopoietic and lymphatic systems]. 262 5

Circulating immune complexes (CIC) were measured at the time of diagnosis in 81 patients with acute leukemia or blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia using precipitation by 3.75% polyethyleneglycol. Elevated CIC levels did not adversely influence complete remission duration and survival, patients with normal CIC levels exhibited mostly shorter remission and survival than those with elevated or borderline levels. No significant correlation was observed between CIC levels and Hb, WBC, CBC, platelet count, age, serum bilirubin, total protein, fibrinogen, AST and ALT levels, presence of hepatosplenomegaly and/or lymphadenopathy, HbSAg positivity, complete remission duration and survival. The lack of correlation may be caused by altered immune response in leukemic patients, but the obtained results may also be affected by the nonspecific nature of the method used for the detection. Simultaneous detection of CIC levels by multiple tests and evaluation not only of the number but also of the composition and size of CIC may decrease the incidence of false results. Nevertheless, only the establishment of antigen-specific assays may resolve the controversies in the detection of CIC and thus contribute to a more precise assessment of the role of CIC in prognosis of cancer, as well as to the verification of reliability of using CIC as a tumor marker.
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PMID:Circulating immune complexes in acute leukemia. 270 22

The concentrations of elastase-alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (E-alpha 1 PI) complex were assayed in 43 patients with various types of leukemia. Marked to moderate elevation of E-alpha 1 PI complex levels was observed in patients with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMMoL), or chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) at diagnosis. The ratio of E-alpha 1 PI complex concentrations in plasma to leukocyte counts markedly elevated in the patients with APL, especially. During the course of remission induction therapy, levels of E-alpha 1 PI complex decreased in parallel with decline of leukocyte counts in the patients with leukemia other than APL, however the E-alpha 1 PI complex was persistently elevated regardless of leukopenia in some patients with APL. In APL, concentrations of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) markedly increased even when levels of plasmin-alpha 2-antiplasmin complex were within normal limits. However, levels of E-alpha 1 PI complex usually increased in these cases. From these results, it is strongly suggested that promyelocytes contain markedly elevated amounts of elastase which participates in degradation of fibrin or fibrinogen in some cases of APL.
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PMID:Quantitative estimation of elastase-alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (E-alpha 1 PI) complex in leukemia: marked elevation in cases of acute promyelocytic leukemia. 278 34


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