Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023467 (acute myeloid leukemia)
 35,200 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The expression of c-myb mRNA and protein was analyzed in fresh leukemic cells by Northern-blot analyses and by immunofluorescent staining using monoclonal c-myb specific antibodies. Staining of the cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. The results demonstrate c-myb mRNA expression predominantly in acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL, 4/4 cases), acute myeloic leukemia (AML, 17/17) and chronic myeloic leukemia (CML, 12/12) but rarely in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL, 1/17). Immunofluorescent analyses revealed expression of c-myb protein in the nucleus of ALL (5/7) and AML (9/9) with a good correlation of c-myb-positive cells and with the number of proliferating (Ki67-positive) blast cells.
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PMID:Heterogeneous expression of c-myb protein in human leukemia detected by simultaneous two color flow cytometric analysis. 156 Jun 75

An exponential function is proposed to describe cell growth, which incorporates the parameter signifying the population's proliferative index (f). This growth function could describe with precision the increase of peripheral blasts registered in one case of untreated CML at blast crisis, in which it revealed a pattern of growth characterized by f maintained constant at 0.5. The specific rate of blast growth remained unchanged throughout CML blast crisis. Based on the proposed growth expression and the calculation of progenitor cell presence in blood, a similar pattern of growth, in which f = 0.5, became apparent for AML progenitors in two cases of relapsing AML. The presence of leukemic progenitors in blood was quantified by adopting an indirect approach. The estimated fs compared closely with 3H-thymidine indexes previously obtained (literature data) for leukemic blasts and their progenitors. It is considered that the pattern of proliferation that maintains f = 0.5 may characterize the mode of cell growth that pertains in stages of advancing leukemia. Transfer of cells from quiescence to the state of proliferative activity is assumed as controlled, viewed in the line of a model of cell growth that requires f = 0.5 and constant specific rate of growth.
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PMID:Malignant cell growth in advancing leukemia. 156 70

We have analysed the configuration of immunoassociated genes and the karyotypes of 30 patients with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) and 10 with chronic myelocytic leukemia in blast crisis (CML-BC). In AML, the frequencies of T-cell receptor (TcR) beta, gamma, and delta chain and immunoglobulin heavy and light chain gene rearrangements were 4.2%, 19%, 8%, 10.7% and 10.5%, respectively. In CML-BC, they were 10%, 20%, 40%, 50% and 0%, respectively. Nine patients had abnormalities in chromosome 2, 7 or 14, upon which immunoassociated genes are located. There seems to be no apparent relationship between these chromosome abnormalities and gene rearrangements. In all patients but one (5/6), the delta rearrangement was accompanied by other immunoassociated gene rearrangements. Molecular size analysis revealed specific delta rearranged band(s) (19.5 kb-BamHI and/or 6.9 kb-EcoRI), as commonly detected in B-acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). All the patients with the delta rearranged band, however, had a germline configuration of J delta gene loci, suggesting a DD or V(D)D (probably V delta 2(D)D) pattern. This study also indicates that the delta rearrangement is specific in AML or CML-BC and distinct from that in early T leukemia/lymphoma.
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PMID:Genotypic and cytogenetic study of acute myelocytic leukemia and chronic myelocytic leukemia in blast crisis: specific delta rearrangement pattern does not involve J delta gene locus. 165 80

Ten leukemic patients were treated with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The diagnosis were ANLL in 6 cases, CML in 3 and ALL in one. Pretransplant immuno suppressive measures including total body irradiation cyclophosphamide and daunorubicin were given. All the patients were infused with health stem cell preparation, so that the hemopoietic function was restored. Graft versus-host disease of grade I to II was present in 5 of the patients. Leukemia recurred 76 days after BMT in one patient who received the procedure during a relapse of the disease, while in the remaining 9 patients disease-free survival from 1 to 23 months has been observed.
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PMID:[Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of leukemia: analysis of 10 cases]. 168 16

The biological and clinical significance of growth characteristics of leukaemic clonogenic cells (CFU-L) cultured from patients has been the subject of many studies. While some investigators collect leukaemic cells in large numbers from blood of untreated patients and store them in a frozen state before use in experiment, others study fresh cells. Since cryopreservation may alter the proliferation and differentiation of CFU-L, we have followed its influence and that of DMSO, used as protective agent and known to be an inducer of differentiation in leukaemic blasts, on the clonogenicity of peripheral blast cells from patients with AML and CML in blast crisis. Our data show that a short incubation with 7.5% DMSO (with or without cryopreservation) induced increase in the clonogenicity and proliferation rate of CFU-L (without morphological changes). The possible causes of these effects as well as the question of aggressivity of leukaemic blasts after the short incubation with 7.5% DMSO are discussed.
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PMID:Influence of cryopreservation on human leukaemic clonogenic cells (CFU-L). 169 35

Clinical experiences with recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) in 13 acute (AML) and four chronic (CML) myelogenous leukemia patients are reported. Sixteen patients received rhG-CSF in support of treatment for life threatening infections and one CML patient in support of induction chemotherapy. After their first induction chemotherapy, six out of eight AML patients showed a rapid increase of neutrophils, recovered from infections and achieved complete remission (CR). One patient, in whom both neutrophils and blasts had increased during rhG-CSF administration, achieved CR through the next administration of chemotherapy (CR rate 87.5%). The last of the eight AML patients showed no increase of neutrophils, and died of interstitial pneumonitis. Two of five AML patients who received rhG-CSF after reinduction chemotherapy for relapsed or refractory leukemia achieved CR, a rate of 40%. In one of the two, the administration of rhG-CSF prior to induction chemotherapy seemed advantageous in achieving CR. During rhG-CSF administration, an increase of blastic cells in peripheral blood was observed in four out of all 13 AML patients. One of three CML patients, with a lymphoid crisis, showed an increase only of neutrophils, and recovered from infection. The other two showed increases of both neutrophils and blasts. One patient with CML in blastic crisis, undergoing induction chemotherapy with rhG-CSF administration, returned to the chronic phase. These clinical experiences suggest rhG-CSF to be effective in supporting infection therapy and in possibly enhancing the sensitivity of myelogenous leukemic blasts to antileukemic agents.
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PMID:Clinical effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on neutrophils and leukemic cells in myelogenous leukemia: analysis. 171 59

Characteristic features of leukemia among atomic bomb survivors were studied. The ratio of a single leukemia type to all leukemias was highest for CML in Hiroshima, and the occurrence of CML was thought to be most characteristic for atomic bomb radiation induced leukemia. In the distribution of AML subtypes of FAB classification, there was no M3 cases in 1Gy or more group, although several atypical AML cases of survivors were observed. Chromosome study was conducted using colony forming cells induced by hemopoietic stem cells of peripheral blood of proximal survivors. Same chromosome aberrations were observed in colony forming cells and peripheral blood of proximal survivors.
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PMID:Atomic bomb and leukemia. 176 1

The ability to deliver high-dose chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy followed by marrow rescue has made marrow transplantation the treatment of choice for children with AML in first remission, juvenile CML, and adult-type CML in chronic phase. For patients with ALL or NHL who relapse, transplantation in second remission represents a reasonable therapeutic option. The role of marrow transplantation for patients in the advanced stages of their disease will continue to be explored to develop promising new therapies, which may improve results of transplantation earlier in the disease course. Development of transplant preparative regimens that have the same or improved therapeutic efficacy with less late effects is especially important for growing and developing children. In the meantime, all children who have received a marrow transplant must be followed for development of delayed effects, which may not appear until years after the transplant procedure. Children who are cured of their leukemia continue to occasionally visit the pediatric hematologist/oncologist, but they do so less often with increasing time after curative therapy. Thus, it is necessary for the primary care pediatrician to be familiar with the details regarding the child's previous therapy in order to anticipate and to be prepared to treat the delayed effects. Attention to school performance is of particular importance for early identification of those children who may need special educational attention. Advances in the treatment of children with leukemia continue to be made both with chemotherapy and with marrow transplantation that should result in greater numbers of children being cured.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Bone marrow transplantation for pediatric leukemia. 176 98

More than 50% cure can be obtained with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) when patients are transplanted in first remission of AML and ALL or chronic phase of CML. On the other hand, considerable progress has been made recently in treating acute leukemia with chemotherapy. Recent studies of intensive chemotherapy in adults with AML report approximately 40-50% 3-year disease-free survival (DFS). Accordingly, several prospective randomized clinical trials have been conducted on the use of BMT versus intensive chemotherapy in the treatment of AML. Significant differences in DFS were found only in a few studies though the results of BMT appear to be comparable or superior to chemotherapy. Therefore, the overall advantage of BMT in first remission AML is smaller than expected. We should know not whether to transplant or to perform chemotherapy, but rather whether to transplant in first remission or to perform chemotherapy first and reserve transplantation as salvage therapy. Recently acute promyelocytic leukemia has been successfully treated with differentiation therapy using all-trans retinoic acid. Low-dose aclarubicin has also been reported to be effective as differentiation therapy in some patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and atypical AML. With the advance of molecular biology of cytokines, several of them are now available for clinical use. G-CSF, GM-CSF and M-CSF are potent stimulators for the granulocyte-macrophage production; they are very effective for accelerating hematologic recovery after chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression or BMT. Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) has been used in the several studies. Furthermore, Ph chromosome positivity can be reduced with long-term administration of IFN-alpha; Ph-positive clone can be undetectable in some patients. Thus, IFN-alpha will be the choice of treatment for CML even if BMT is planned.
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PMID:[New trends in the treatment of leukemia]. 177 64

Growth kinetics of bone marrow stromal layers from normal, AML, ALL and CML patients was studied. Significantly reduced time for confluency was observed in AML patients in complete remission, in CML patients in chronic phase, or CML patients after allogenic bone marrow transplantation. The functional capacity of these stromal layers did not differ: they all bound similar amounts of blast colony forming cells (BL-CFC) from normal bone marrow. The stromal layers from bone marrow transplanted patients varied in their BL-CFC binding capacity: two CML patients (10.5 and 49 months after transplantation) showed normal values, while two ALL patients (1.5 and 3 months, respectively, after transplantation) as well as one patient transplanted for CML (19.5 months after transplantation) showed significantly reduced BL-CFC binding capacity.
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PMID:Growth kinetics and blast-colony forming cell binding capacity of stromal cells in various haematological malignancies. 181 58


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