Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023467 (acute myeloid leukemia)
 35,200 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of six recombinant human cytokines: erythropoietin, GM-CSF, G-CSF, interleukin-3, -4 and -6 on the proliferation and differentiation of a human multilineage myeloid leukemia cell line MHH 225, established from the bone marrow of an AML(M7) patient in our laboratory determined by changes in antigen expressions using monoclonal antibodies in APAAP technique were examined in liquid suspension culture. The MHH 225 cells have been growing exponentially without cytokines or conditioned media. About 90 per cent of MHH 225 cells are CD33+ CD34+ CD3- CD7- CD19- CD20- TdT- with 57.6 per cent, 28.3 per cent and 7.8 per cent of them being CD41+, glycophorin A+ and CD15+, respectively. After five days of treatment with erythropoietin, GM-CSF, G-CSF or IL-6 no change was observed in MHH 225 cell antigens expression. IL-3 (100 U/ml) induced a moderate increase in only CD13 and alpha naphthyl esterase positive cells from 6.5 +/- 1.9 per cent and 5.7 +/- 2.4 per cent in control cultures to 21.6 +/- 3.0 per cent and 19.1 +/- 2.8 per cent, respectively. On the other hand, 100 U/ml IL-4 significantly increased the number of CD13, CD15 and alpha naphthyl esterase positive cells to 48.9 +/- 5.0 per cent, 47.2 +/- 3.6 per cent and 46.1 +/- 3.0 per cent, p < 0.001, respectively. Also, 100 U/ml IL-4 decreased the number of CD41 positive cells from 57.6 +/- 2.8 per cent to only 25.9 +/- 3.6 per cent and did not change the number of CD33 or glycophorin A positive cells. The present results showed that out of the six myelopoietic growth factors tested, IL-4 was the only one to inhibit selectively the proliferation of CD33+ CD41+ leukemic megakaryoblast cells suggesting that IL-4 may have a lineage regulatory effect in favour of a myeloblastic CD33+ CD13+ CD15+ at the expense of a megakaryoblastic CD33+ CD41+ amplification in human leukemia cells and with apparently no effect on leukemic erythroblast cells. The MHH 225 cell line provides a useful tool and freely available model to scientists for studying signal transduction via IL-4 and for studies of 'lineage switch'.
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PMID:Interleukin-4 inhibits proliferation of human leukemic megakaryoblast cell line MHH 225. 752 Aug 82

A 51-year-old man had suffered from massive pleural effusion due to invasion of malignant cells. The analysis of bone marrow aspiration showed the proliferation of myeloperoxidase-positive blasts. The surface marker analysis of the blasts revealed the positivities for CD7 and CD19 as well as CD13, CD33 and CD34, while the karyotypes of 20 cells were normal. Therefore, CD7 positive AML was diagnosed. The patient was treated with araC and daunorubicin as a remission induction therapy. Peripheral blood stem cells were harvested by leukapheresis after first and second consolidation therapies. Then, 3 x 10(4) cells/kg of CFU-GM were infused. Complete remission has been maintained for 8 months after autologous blood stem cell transplantation. Pleural involvement as an initial manifestation is rare in AML. Extramedullary growth of AML cells may be related to their immaturity, indicated by the expression of the cell surface antigens.
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PMID:[CD7 positive acute myelogenous leukemia exhibiting pleural involvement as an initial manifestation]. 752 3

A novel human CD7-positive leukemia cell line (HSM911) derived from the peripheral blood of a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) was studied for its cellular and biological characterization. Proliferation assay using a variety of cytokines demonstrated that the HSM911 cells proliferate in response to recombinant granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor (rGM-CSF), recombinant Interleukin-3 (rIL-3) and recombinant stem cell factor (rSCF), but do not in response to recombinant granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rG-CSF), natural macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), rIL-1, rIL-2, rIL-4, rIL-5, rIL-6 or recombinant erythropoietin (rEpo). Polyclonal anti-GM-CSF antibody and polyclonal anti-IL-3 antibody blocked the proliferation of HSM911 stimulated with rGM-CSF and rIL-3, respectively. HSM911 maintained in the presence of rGM-CSF expressed the CD7, CD13, CD33, CD34, CD41a, HLA-DR, VLA1-VLA5, CD11a, CD54, CD44 and LAM1. These findings suggest that HSM911 might be of multipotent progenitor cell origin. GM-CSF receptors and rIL-3 receptors expressed on this cell line were simultaneously suppressed by rGM-CSF or rIL-3, whereas only IL-3 receptors were down-modulated by rSCF. Treatment with 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced the differentiation of HSM911 cells into macrophage-like cells but not erythroblasts, megakaryocytes or lymphocytes. Interferon-gamma and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) suppressed the proliferation of HSM911 cells in a dose dependent manner. HSM911 was relatively resistant against anti-cancer drugs compared with fresh AML cells and other leukemic cell line. HSM911 is a useful tool for analyzing CD7-positive acute myelogenous leukemia.
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PMID:[Cellular and biological characterization of CD7-positive acute leukemia cells--an investigation of the established cell line, HSM911]. 752 34

The clinical significance of the expression of CD7 antigen on the blasts of 207 consecutive patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was evaluated. For this purpose, fifty-three CD7+ patients (23 females and 30 males; mean age 52 years) were analyzed and classified into the following subtypes according to French-American-British (FAB) classification: 7 M0, 13 M1, 9 M2, 1 M3, 9 M4, 14 M5. Immunophenotypic studies were carried out by flow cytometry and blast cells were selected on the basis of forward light scatter gating and pan-myeloid marker, either CD13 or CD33. All the CD7+ patients were negative for surface CD3 and T-cell-receptor (TCR) molecules. We found no correlation between CD7 expression and sex, age, hepatosplenomegaly and/or central nervous system involvement. The immaturity of CD7+ leukemic cells was supported by the high expression of CD34 (P = 0.001). CD7 positivity was significantly associated with a white blood cell count (WBC) greater than 100 x 10(9)/L (P = 0.003). P-Glycoprotein (P-170) expression was also evaluated in 135 patients by a flow-cytometric assay: there was a close relationship between CD7 and P-170 positivity (P < 0.001). For remission induction, all patients received therapeutic regimens routinely used for AML. The complete remission (CR) rate was significantly lower in CD7+ cases (32% vs 74%, P = 0.001). The overall survival and disease free survival rate of CD7+ AML was lower than those of CD7- patients (P < 0.001 and = 0.002, respectively). CD7+ AML with coexpression of CD14 had a particularly unfavourable response and prognosis in comparison with CD7+ patients without CD14.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:CD7 expression in acute myeloid leukemia. 753 57

Expression of CD34 by leukemic blasts was analyzed in 230 pediatric and 251 adult patients with de novo AML enrolled in two large multicenter trials (AML-BFM-87 and AMLCG respectively). The association between CD34 positivity and morphological classification according to FAB criteria, cytogenetic aberrations, immunophenotypic features and clinical characteristics was investigated. CD34 was expressed (> or = 20%) by leukemic cells from 45% of childhood and 43% of adult AML patients. CD34+ AML was often associated with M1/M2 morphology as well as the coexpression of CD7 and TdT. Translocation t(8;21), inv(16) and chromosome 5 and 7 aberrations were more frequently observed in CD34+ AML. There was a low frequency of CD34 expression in infant AML but no age dependency was evident in adult patients. CD34 expression exerted no influence on the rate of complete remissions (CR) after intensive multidrug induction therapy. In adults, 56% of the CD34-positive and 64% of CD34-negative cases achieved CR (P = 0.29), and the childhood trial even revealed a slight advantage for CD34+ AML with a CR rate of 80% vs. 71% for CD34-negative cases (P = 0.068). Long-term follow-up disclosed no significant differences in remission duration or event-free survival between the CD34-positive and CD34-negative groups. In conclusion, CD34+ AML patients comprise a heterogeneous group with good as well as poor risk factors. Though characterized by some distinct features, CD34 lacks prognostic significance in de novo AML patients submitted to intensive polychemotherapy.
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PMID:Clinical, morphologic, cytogenetic and prognostic implications of CD34 expression in childhood and adult de novo AML. 754 32

The immunophenotype of 110 adult patients with diagnosis of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) was analyzed using a wide panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Leukemic blasts were tested by applying direct immunofluorescence analysis and dual-fluorescence staining, and two groups of patients were identified: 56/110 (51%) expressing only myeloid antigens (My/AML) and 54/110 (49%) expressing both myeloid and lymphoid antigens (Ly/AML). CD13 and CD33 were expressed in almost all FAB subtypes, whereas CD14, frequently expressed in M4 and M5 subtypes (70%), was rarely expressed in M0 + M1 cases (9%). On the contrary, CD34, expressed in 77% of M0 + M1 cases, was practically absent in M3 and M5 subtypes (6% and 7%, respectively). CD2 and CD7 antigens were found in 34% and 42% of patients respectively, whereas B cell-associated antigens, such as CD10 and CD19, were found in 31% and 18% of patients. Cytogenetic abnormalities characteristically present in AML patients were also analyzed and, except for t(8;21) which was found in both groups of patients, the other abnormalities were frequently found in cases coexpressing lymphoid-associated antigens. Finally, the complete remission (CR) rate, survival and event-free survival were analyzed according to the presence of lymphoid markers and also of some specific antigens such as CD7 and CD34. The only prognostic difference was represented by CD34+ patients who showed a reduction in the CR rate compared with CD34- patients (65% versus 82%) (p = 0.05) which became more evident when the mean intensity of fluorescence was considered.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The presence of lymphoid-associated antigens in adult acute myeloid leukemia is devoid of prognostic relevance. 754 2

Conflicting results exist regarding the prognostic importance of CD7 expression in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Differences in the method of determining CD7 positivity, the antibody used, the therapy administered, and the CD7 level used as a cutoff point to reduce it to a binary variable have all been postulated to account for the discordant findings. We determined the level of CD7 expression by flow cytometric analysis using the Leu9 monoclonal antibody in 331 patients with newly diagnosed AML and attempted to determine the impact of CD7 on AML prognosis. This study used the same methodology and antibody as three of the four studies that reported a positive association between CD7 expression and prognosis in AML. Optimal cutpoint analysis was used to divide the population into CD7-positive (CD7+) (>10.5% expression) and CD7-negative (CD7-) (< 10.5% expression) groups with the largest survival difference. At the optimal cutpoint, the difference in survival was not statistically significantly different (P = 0.068 uncorrected, P = 0.244 corrected for optimal cutpoint search). There was a marked imbalance in the distribution of favorable cytogenetic abnormalities [t(8;21), inversion 16, t(15;17)], with 95% segregating to the CD7- group. Analysis excluding patients with favorable cytogenetic abnormalities revealed no prognostic importance for CD7 expression (P = 0.24 uncorrected). The response rate (CR) and survival experiences of CD7+ and CD7- patients were similar with six different regimens. CD7 expression was not a significant independent prognostic factor in a Cox regression model that included cytogenetics as a predictive variable, but it was marginally significant when cytogenetics was excluded. We conclude that regardless of the antibody used, the therapy received, or the cutoff point selected to determine CD7 expression, CD7 is not associated with response rate, prognosis, or survival in AML. The 'optimal cutoff point analysis' utilized in this study has applicability to other biologic parameters as well.
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PMID:Analysis of CD7 expression in acute myelogenous leukemia: martingale residual plots combined with 'optimal' cutpoint analysis reveals absence of prognostic significance. 756 18

We have adapted the alkaline phosphatase-anti alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) technique to demonstrate cell antigen distributions in intact agar culture. The method facilitates batch processing and is no less convenient to perform than standard APAAP procedures. Myeloid and lymphoid antigens generally demonstrated strong staining intensity. However, staining at day 0 consistently produced no antigen expression for two monoclonals (CD11c and CD34) in contrast to positivity in parallel cytospins. CD11c showed rapidly increasing antigen expression over subsequent days of culture whereas the expression of CD34 could not be shown in conventional agar culture at any time from day 0 to day 14. Positivity was only restored in CD34-positive leukaemic cells using a modified culture technique in which cells were cultured as pre-formed small aggregates. Assessment of these aggregates extended to cell cycle analysis using anti-bromodeoxyuridine. CD71 positivity in normal culture samples correlated with colony configuration (whether clones were 'spread' or 'tight' in appearance). CD38 staining of normal bone marrow culture at day 7 showed asymmetrical staining of cells in a small number of micro-groups. The clonal detection of aberrant antigens (CD7, CD2) for assessment of minimal residual disease in AML was a disappointment due to the relative frequency of positive clones in normal culture.
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PMID:Immunostaining of whole agar cultures by APAAP. 762 32

In the period from August 1991 to August 1994, the Dutch Slide Review Committee of Adult Leukemias classified 14 leukemias as AML-M0. We reviewed the clinical characteristics and response to therapy of these patients. Eight patients were male. Patients' age ranged from 7 to 77 years (medium age 62 years). There was a striking homogeneity in morphological appearance of the blasts, being small to medium-sized round cells with often an eccentric nucleus with fine chromatin, several distinct nucleoli, and a high nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio. In addition to myeloid-associated markers such as CD13 and CD33, the blasts of all patients were positive for CD34 and HLA-DR, pointing to their immature differentiation stage. TdT was present in the blasts of 71%, CD7 was positive in the blasts of 42% of the patients. No consistent cytogenetic abnormalities were found. With respect to the treatment outcome, four patients achieved a complete remission after remission-induction treatment. The median survival was 4.5 months. Our present study shows AML-M0 to be an immature leukemia, uniform in morphology and immunological phenotype, with no consistent cytogenetic phenotype and with a poor clinical outcome.
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PMID:AML-MO: clinical entity or waste basket for immature blastic leukemias? A description of 14 patients. Dutch Slide Review Committee of Leukemias in Adults. 763 8

We have studied gene expression of GATA-1, GATA-2, and SCL, which are known as cell-specific transcription factors, in 110 various leukemias consisted of 76 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 19 with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and 15 with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in blast crisis by the revearse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay. Accordingly, we divided into three groups. Group I (GATA-1+SCL+): patients with AML exhibiting phenotypic characteristics of erythroid or megakaryocytic lineage and most of CML myeloid blast crisis were included. Group II (GATA-1+, SCL-): Not only CD7-positive and CD19-positive AML, but also a part of Ph+ALL demonstrated this pattern. Leukemia in this group is considered to have a capability to differentiate into myeloid and lymphoid lineages. Group III (GATA-1-, SCL-): patients in this group consisted of leukemias which are differentiated into specific cell-lineages, either myeloid or lymphoid, when compared to groups I or II. Our data suggest that the expression pattern of transcription factors reflects lineage potential in leukemia cells, leading to classification of leukemias.
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PMID:[The expression pattern of transcription factors (GATA, SCL) and biological characteristics in various leukemia cells]. 764 49


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