Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023467 (acute myeloid leukemia)
 35,200 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of six recombinant human cytokines: erythropoietin, GM-CSF, G-CSF, interleukin-3, -4 and -6 on the proliferation and differentiation of a human multilineage myeloid leukemia cell line MHH 225, established from the bone marrow of an AML(M7) patient in our laboratory determined by changes in antigen expressions using monoclonal antibodies in APAAP technique were examined in liquid suspension culture. The MHH 225 cells have been growing exponentially without cytokines or conditioned media. About 90 per cent of MHH 225 cells are CD33+ CD34+ CD3- CD7- CD19- CD20- TdT- with 57.6 per cent, 28.3 per cent and 7.8 per cent of them being CD41+, glycophorin A+ and CD15+, respectively. After five days of treatment with erythropoietin, GM-CSF, G-CSF or IL-6 no change was observed in MHH 225 cell antigens expression. IL-3 (100 U/ml) induced a moderate increase in only CD13 and alpha naphthyl esterase positive cells from 6.5 +/- 1.9 per cent and 5.7 +/- 2.4 per cent in control cultures to 21.6 +/- 3.0 per cent and 19.1 +/- 2.8 per cent, respectively. On the other hand, 100 U/ml IL-4 significantly increased the number of CD13, CD15 and alpha naphthyl esterase positive cells to 48.9 +/- 5.0 per cent, 47.2 +/- 3.6 per cent and 46.1 +/- 3.0 per cent, p < 0.001, respectively. Also, 100 U/ml IL-4 decreased the number of CD41 positive cells from 57.6 +/- 2.8 per cent to only 25.9 +/- 3.6 per cent and did not change the number of CD33 or glycophorin A positive cells. The present results showed that out of the six myelopoietic growth factors tested, IL-4 was the only one to inhibit selectively the proliferation of CD33+ CD41+ leukemic megakaryoblast cells suggesting that IL-4 may have a lineage regulatory effect in favour of a myeloblastic CD33+ CD13+ CD15+ at the expense of a megakaryoblastic CD33+ CD41+ amplification in human leukemia cells and with apparently no effect on leukemic erythroblast cells. The MHH 225 cell line provides a useful tool and freely available model to scientists for studying signal transduction via IL-4 and for studies of 'lineage switch'.
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PMID:Interleukin-4 inhibits proliferation of human leukemic megakaryoblast cell line MHH 225. 752 Aug 82

A 51-year-old man had suffered from massive pleural effusion due to invasion of malignant cells. The analysis of bone marrow aspiration showed the proliferation of myeloperoxidase-positive blasts. The surface marker analysis of the blasts revealed the positivities for CD7 and CD19 as well as CD13, CD33 and CD34, while the karyotypes of 20 cells were normal. Therefore, CD7 positive AML was diagnosed. The patient was treated with araC and daunorubicin as a remission induction therapy. Peripheral blood stem cells were harvested by leukapheresis after first and second consolidation therapies. Then, 3 x 10(4) cells/kg of CFU-GM were infused. Complete remission has been maintained for 8 months after autologous blood stem cell transplantation. Pleural involvement as an initial manifestation is rare in AML. Extramedullary growth of AML cells may be related to their immaturity, indicated by the expression of the cell surface antigens.
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PMID:[CD7 positive acute myelogenous leukemia exhibiting pleural involvement as an initial manifestation]. 752 3

A novel human CD7-positive leukemia cell line (HSM911) derived from the peripheral blood of a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) was studied for its cellular and biological characterization. Proliferation assay using a variety of cytokines demonstrated that the HSM911 cells proliferate in response to recombinant granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor (rGM-CSF), recombinant Interleukin-3 (rIL-3) and recombinant stem cell factor (rSCF), but do not in response to recombinant granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rG-CSF), natural macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), rIL-1, rIL-2, rIL-4, rIL-5, rIL-6 or recombinant erythropoietin (rEpo). Polyclonal anti-GM-CSF antibody and polyclonal anti-IL-3 antibody blocked the proliferation of HSM911 stimulated with rGM-CSF and rIL-3, respectively. HSM911 maintained in the presence of rGM-CSF expressed the CD7, CD13, CD33, CD34, CD41a, HLA-DR, VLA1-VLA5, CD11a, CD54, CD44 and LAM1. These findings suggest that HSM911 might be of multipotent progenitor cell origin. GM-CSF receptors and rIL-3 receptors expressed on this cell line were simultaneously suppressed by rGM-CSF or rIL-3, whereas only IL-3 receptors were down-modulated by rSCF. Treatment with 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced the differentiation of HSM911 cells into macrophage-like cells but not erythroblasts, megakaryocytes or lymphocytes. Interferon-gamma and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) suppressed the proliferation of HSM911 cells in a dose dependent manner. HSM911 was relatively resistant against anti-cancer drugs compared with fresh AML cells and other leukemic cell line. HSM911 is a useful tool for analyzing CD7-positive acute myelogenous leukemia.
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PMID:[Cellular and biological characterization of CD7-positive acute leukemia cells--an investigation of the established cell line, HSM911]. 752 34

New technology allows highly sensitive flow cytometric detection and quantitative analysis of intracellular antigens in normal and malignant hemopoietic cells. With this technology, the earliest stages of myeloid and lymphoid differentiation can easily and reliably be identified using antibodies directed against (pro-)myeloperoxidase/MPO, CD22 and CD3 antigens, respectively. Particularly for the analysis of undifferentiated acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) cells, the immunological demonstration of intracellular MPO or its enzymatically inactive proforms is highly relevant, since other myeloid marker molecules such as CD33, CD13, or CDw65 are either not restricted to the granulomonocytic lineage or appear later in differentiation. By combining MPO staining with staining for lactoferrin (LF), undifferentiated cells can be distinguished from the granulomonocytic maturation compartment in bone marrow, since LF is selectively expressed from the myelocyte stage of differentiation onward. The list of informative intracellular antigens to be used in leukemia cell analysis will certainly expand in the near future. One candidate, intracellular CD68, has already been tested by us, and results are presented. Also dealt within this article are surface marker molecules not (as yet) widely used in leukemia cell analysis but with the potential to provide important additional information. Among them are the surface structures CD15, CD15s, CDw65, CD79a (MB-1), CD79b (B29), CD87 (uPA-R), and CD117 (c-kit).
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PMID:Flow cytometric analysis of cell-surface and intracellular antigens in leukemia diagnosis. 753 75

We examined the responsiveness of leukemic cells to colony stimulating factors (CSFs) as determined by 3H-TdR incorporation and surface phenotypes of leukemic blasts. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), CD13 and/or CD33 positive and HLA-DR negative M1 and M3 cases tended to show high response to G-CSF, GM-CSFs and IL-3, however, all HLA-DR positive M1, M2, M4 and M5 cases were unresponsive to CSFs but showed high autonomous growth. In acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), no response was observed to any CSFs but high autonomous growth was found in mixed leukemia cases. Sole T or B lineage cases showed low autonomous growth. These results suggest the varied nature of the proliferative state in leukemia and the existence of a subgroup in M1.
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PMID:Relationship between responsiveness to colony stimulating factors (CSFs) and surface phenotype of leukemic blasts. 870 27

A 70-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of leukocytosis. The laboratory examination revealed leukocytosis (44,500/microliters) with blasts (99%) in the peripheral blood. Myeloperoxidase staining of the leukemia cells was negative, but the surface phenotype was CD13- and CD33-positive, and negative for all lymphoid antigens. Peroxidase staining using the electron microscope was positive. Thus, the patient was diagnosed as acute myeloblastic leukemia (M0), according to the FAB classification. Although the therapy regimens commonly used for ANLL were effective for some cases with M0, the regimens mainly for ALL were more effective for the others. Thus we cannot determine what is the most effective regimen for M0. Since the patient had many complications, he was treated with low-dose AraC instead of combination chemotherapy. After the beginning of treatment, he became febrile and we added G-CSF to Ara-C. One month later, the patient achieved complete remission without severe infection. After four courses of consolidation therapy, the patient was discharged. He has been maintained in remission for more than 3 years and 8 months with only 5-day oral administration of cytarabine ocfosfate every four weeks.
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PMID:[Continuation of complete remission by oral administration of cytarabine ocfosfate in a patient with M0, who achieved remission by small doses of cytosine arabinoside with G-CSF]. 753 75

A 57-year-old man was admitted because of fever and night sweat. The bone marrow was hypercellular with 86.4% blast cells. The diagnosis of AML (M0) was made, because the blast cells were negative for peroxidase stain and had CD13 and no lymphoid antigens in marker analysis. The patient was treated with BH-AC.TMP, BH-AC.MVP and low dose Ara-C without any hematological improvement, and even additional treatment with medium dose Ara-C resulted in 66.4% blast cells in the bone marrow. Subsequent administration of rhG-CSF (150 micrograms/day) by continuous intravenous infusion resulted in the decrease of the blast cells in the bone marrow to a level that was evaluated as complete remission. He remains in complete hematological remission at present. As shown in this case, rhG-CSF might be an effective agent for the treatment of AML, even if the mechanism of its effectiveness is unclear at present. Further clinical studies should will supply useful information to analyze the pathophysiology of AML.
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PMID:[Complete remission in acute myeloblastic leukemia (M0) after treatment with rhG-CSF]. 753 76

The clinical significance of the expression of CD7 antigen on the blasts of 207 consecutive patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was evaluated. For this purpose, fifty-three CD7+ patients (23 females and 30 males; mean age 52 years) were analyzed and classified into the following subtypes according to French-American-British (FAB) classification: 7 M0, 13 M1, 9 M2, 1 M3, 9 M4, 14 M5. Immunophenotypic studies were carried out by flow cytometry and blast cells were selected on the basis of forward light scatter gating and pan-myeloid marker, either CD13 or CD33. All the CD7+ patients were negative for surface CD3 and T-cell-receptor (TCR) molecules. We found no correlation between CD7 expression and sex, age, hepatosplenomegaly and/or central nervous system involvement. The immaturity of CD7+ leukemic cells was supported by the high expression of CD34 (P = 0.001). CD7 positivity was significantly associated with a white blood cell count (WBC) greater than 100 x 10(9)/L (P = 0.003). P-Glycoprotein (P-170) expression was also evaluated in 135 patients by a flow-cytometric assay: there was a close relationship between CD7 and P-170 positivity (P < 0.001). For remission induction, all patients received therapeutic regimens routinely used for AML. The complete remission (CR) rate was significantly lower in CD7+ cases (32% vs 74%, P = 0.001). The overall survival and disease free survival rate of CD7+ AML was lower than those of CD7- patients (P < 0.001 and = 0.002, respectively). CD7+ AML with coexpression of CD14 had a particularly unfavourable response and prognosis in comparison with CD7+ patients without CD14.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:CD7 expression in acute myeloid leukemia. 753 57

The classification of acute leukemia into lymphoid or nonlymphoid is of critical therapeutic importance. Two-color flow cytometric analysis has emerged as a valuable addition to morphology and cytochemistry for the distinction of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). By careful selection of monoclonal antibody (mAb) combinations, diagnostic accuracy, and cost effectiveness may be enhanced compared to flow cytometry using one-color analysis. The sensitivity and specificity of a mAb panel were assessed in the determination of nonlymphocytic lineage in acute leukemia. One hundred twenty-five consecutive cases of acute leukemia were analyzed in which Wright's-stained smears, cytochemical stains, and immunophenotyping studies had been performed. The antibody panel included the nonlymphoid markers CD13, CD33, CD14, and CD4 in combination with CD2, as well as a broad panel of lymphoid and nonlineage specific markers. Of the 125 cases of acute leukemia studied, 85 cases (68%) were nonlymphocytic and 32 cases (26%) were lymphocytic (28 cases B cell, 4 cases T cell). CD13 and CD33 were very sensitive in the detection of ANLL, being expressed on 94% and 93% of ANLL cases, respectively. Sixty-five percent of cases of ANLL were CD4+ (CD2-). However, CD4+ (CD2-) had a much higher specificity (91%) for ANLL than CD13 (75%) or CD33 (84%), which were expressed in a significant number of ALL. When leukemic cells were positive for CD4 (CD2-) and either CD13 or CD33, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) for ANLL rose to 96% and 98%, respectively. The combination of CD4 positivity with either CD13 or CD33 has higher specificity and PPV than the traditional positivity for both CD13 and CD33 (specificity 89%, PPV 96%). Careful analysis of the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of mAbs using this method has also allowed us to establish a more cost-effective and diagnostically relevant mAb panel. Our studies show that CD4 is underappreciated as a very specific and moderately sensitive marker for ANLL.
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PMID:CD4 predicts nonlymphocytic lineage in acute leukemia. Insights from analysis of 125 cases using two-color flow cytometry. 938 55

The immunophenotype of 110 adult patients with diagnosis of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) was analyzed using a wide panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Leukemic blasts were tested by applying direct immunofluorescence analysis and dual-fluorescence staining, and two groups of patients were identified: 56/110 (51%) expressing only myeloid antigens (My/AML) and 54/110 (49%) expressing both myeloid and lymphoid antigens (Ly/AML). CD13 and CD33 were expressed in almost all FAB subtypes, whereas CD14, frequently expressed in M4 and M5 subtypes (70%), was rarely expressed in M0 + M1 cases (9%). On the contrary, CD34, expressed in 77% of M0 + M1 cases, was practically absent in M3 and M5 subtypes (6% and 7%, respectively). CD2 and CD7 antigens were found in 34% and 42% of patients respectively, whereas B cell-associated antigens, such as CD10 and CD19, were found in 31% and 18% of patients. Cytogenetic abnormalities characteristically present in AML patients were also analyzed and, except for t(8;21) which was found in both groups of patients, the other abnormalities were frequently found in cases coexpressing lymphoid-associated antigens. Finally, the complete remission (CR) rate, survival and event-free survival were analyzed according to the presence of lymphoid markers and also of some specific antigens such as CD7 and CD34. The only prognostic difference was represented by CD34+ patients who showed a reduction in the CR rate compared with CD34- patients (65% versus 82%) (p = 0.05) which became more evident when the mean intensity of fluorescence was considered.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The presence of lymphoid-associated antigens in adult acute myeloid leukemia is devoid of prognostic relevance. 754 2


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