Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023467 (acute myeloid leukemia)
 35,200 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report three cases of a distinctive palmar-plantar erythema associated with the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and acute myeloid leukaemia. The rash is characterized by a painful, sharply demarcated, intense erythema of the palms and/or soles followed by bulla formation, desquamation and healing. The eruption is self limiting in nature and did not adversely affect prognosis. Treatment need be neither altered nor stopped; only symptomatic measures are required.
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PMID:Palmar-plantar erythema associated with combination chemotherapy. 169 80

Acral erythema (AE) and eccrine squamous syringometaplasia (ESS) are distinctive clinico-pathological entities described in patients receiving chemotherapy for malignancies, mainly myelogenous leukemia. In no case of chemotherapy-induced AE have histopathologic changes of ESS been described. We report a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia who had typical AE due to cytarabine with histopathologic ESS. The latter findings in a case of AE may be a useful diagnostic clue for distinguishing chemotherapy-induced AE from palmo-plantar erythema of graft-vs-host reaction.
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PMID:Necrotizing eccrine squamous syringometaplasia presenting as acral erythema. 177 55

Fifty children with oral manifestations of acute leukemia, ranging in age from 1 to 14 years, have been studied with reference to age, sex, location and clinical presentation of the oral lesions. Seventy six percent of the patients had the disease during the first decade of their life, 22% as acute myelocytic leukemia and 54% as acute lymphocytic leukemia. In the current study, acute leukemia exhibited a high predilection for males (70%) and mucosal pallor was the most common presenting oral symptoms (39.6%). Erythema, ulceration and swelling of the lip, tongue, palate and gingiva were also frequent symptoms. Extra oral involvement occurred in 60% of the cases as facial pallor and 11% as lymph node enlargement.
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PMID:[Incidence of oral manifestations in children with acute leukemia]. 251 62

Seventy-two adult patients with previously untreated acute myeloid leukemia received the CHA regimen as induction chemotherapy: CCNU 80 mg/m2 on day 1, Adriamycin 35 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1, 2 and 3, and continuous infusion of cytarabine 100 mg/m2/24 h from day 1 to 10. Forty-nine patients (68%) presented at least one of the following symptoms: acral erythema with dysesthesias in the palms and/or soles (39%); cholestatic hepatitis (39%); profuse sterile diarrhea associated with abdominal distention (33%); acute cerebellar dysfunction (32%) and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema (21%). Most of these toxic symptoms appeared 8-20 days after the first dose. As these clinical features were absent or exceptional in patients treated with another regimen within a controlled trial, they are reported as toxic-side-effects of the chemotherapy regimen. Acral erythema was found to be predictive of complete remission (P less than 0.01, odds ratio: 6.33); neurotoxicity was prognostic for death in aplasia (P less than 0.05); the absence of any of the five symptoms was associated with failure of the induction regimen (P less than 0.02).
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PMID:Acral erythema and systemic toxicity related to CHA induction therapy in acute myeloid leukemia. 276 7

We report 15 patients encountered over 13 years who presented with inflammation of subcutaneous fat and were given clinical and pathologic diagnoses of Weber--Christian disease (WCD). Prominent clinical features included female predominance, lower extremity nodules, fevers, arthritis/arthralgias, and myalgias. Notable laboratory features were elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, anemia, leukopenia, and hypocomplementemia, frequently with circulating 7S IgM or immune complexes at times of active symptoms. Histologic findings were lobular--together with frequent septal--panniculitis, fat-laden macrophages, variable cellular infiltrates, necrosis, and occasional vasculitis. Follow-up revealed the death of 2 patients and disease stabilization or improvement in 13 patients. Six patients developed features of other diseases (factitial disease, erythema nodosum, acute myelogenous leukemia, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and sarcoid) and a seventh may have had erythema induratum. We suggest that classic WCD, as originally described, reflects an increasingly recognized spectrum of panniculitides. These are syndromes of diverse etiology that share many clinical, inflammatory, and immunologic features.
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PMID:Weber-Christian disease. Analysis of 15 cases and review of the literature. 388 95

We present an 18-year-old woman who was diagnosed with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML M2), and in whom chromosome analysis of bone marrow cells revealed t(7;11), an abnormality rarely found in leukemias with a differentiation potency. She relapsed 1 year after complete remission was achieved by chemotherapy. Bone marrow examination then revealed a t(7;11) abnormality in 48 of 50 metaphases examined, even when there were less than 7.5% leukemic blasts in the marrow, indicating that the morphologically normal cells were derived from leukemic blasts. The number of leukemia clones with the additional abnormalities in chromosome 5 increased, with concurrent development of eosinophilia, fever, asthma-like symptoms, erythema, itching, and hepatosplenomegaly. Elevation of interleukin 5 (IL-5) in serum and an enhanced expression of IL-5 mRNA were also detected. The increase in IL-5 may have been produced by an abnormality on chromosome 5.
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PMID:Acute myeloblastic leukemia (M2) with translocation (7;11) followed by marked eosinophilia and additional abnormalities of chromosome 5. 765 2

We performed a phase I/II study of recombinant human interleukin-3 (rhIL-3) in 21 patients with aplastic anemia (AA) or myelodysplasia (MDS). Patients received 21-day cycles of IL-3 (0.5, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, or 10 micrograms/kg/d) by subcutaneous injection followed by a 10- to 14-day washout period. Nineteen patients completed at least one 21-day cycle of IL-3. Frequent toxicities of IL-3 included headache, low-grade fever, and erythema at the injection site; at higher doses, weight gain and peripheral edema was seen. Eleven patients developed eosinophilia. Of the 20 evaluable patients, eight had increases in absolute neutrophil counts (seven with MDS, one with AA) including six of the nine patients receiving > or = 5.0 micrograms/kg/d. One AA patient became transfusion-independent for 8 months, while another AA patient had decreased transfusion requirements. Three patients with MDS had at least a doubling of their platelet count, and another patient experienced a 1.9-fold increase. One patient with RAEB progressed to aleukemic AML by the end of one treatment cycle. IL-3 was well-tolerated, but multilineage effects were seen in only 25% of patients with primary bone marrow failure states (five of 20 evaluable) and more commonly in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Its optimal use may be as part of combination hematopoietic growth factor therapy.
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PMID:A phase I/II study of interleukin-3 in patients with aplastic anemia and myelodysplasia. 806 86

Three patients with advanced acute myeloid leukemia were treated with oral high-dose hydroxyurea at a dose of 10 g daily for 8-10 days. Severe acute stomatitis developed in all three patients. In addition, two of the patients developed a peculiar acute cutaneous type of toxicity associated with soreness, violet erythema, and edema of the palms and foot soles followed by intense universal hyperpigmentation of the skin. Apparently, the pronounced acute mucocutaneous toxicity was caused by the sustained high daily dose of hydroxyurea, indicating that myelosuppression may not be the dose-limiting toxicity of this drug.
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PMID:Acute mucocutaneous toxicity following high-dose hydroxyurea. 825 1

Acral erythema is a localized chemotherapy-induced cutaneous response that has been observed in patients with either hematologic malignancies or solid tumors. An illustrative case of acral erythema in a woman with acute myelogenous leukemia is reported. The patient initially presented in blast crisis with concurrent cutaneous lesions of Sweet's syndrome. She subsequently showed acral erythema after being treated with cytosine arabinoside and idarubicin (an analogue of doxorubicin). The pathogenesis and treatment of acral erythema are reviewed.
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PMID:Acral erythema: a clinical review. 844 48

A case of Sweet syndrome (SS) associated with acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) is reported. A 66-year-old male was admitted to Ashikaga Red Cross Hospital because of skin eruption and sore throat. His eruption was tender and erythema-like nature. He developed a spiking fever after admission. CBC revealed pancytopenia, and a bone marrow specimen showed increased megakaryoblasts and fibrosis. These blasts were shown to be CD41-positive by flow cytometric analysis. A diagnosis of AMKL was then made. Skin biopsy revealed infiltration of neutrophils without vasculitis, compatible with SS. Oral administration of prednisolone was begun which improved his skin lesions considerably. He was then treated with low dose Ara-C, which was however ineffective. The blasts increased in the peripheral blood and he died on the 72nd hospital day. There are 37 reported cases of SS associated with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, and this is the first case report of SS associated with AMKL.
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PMID:[Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia associated with Sweet's syndrome, including review of the literature]. 847 86


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