Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023467 (acute myeloid leukemia)
 35,200 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Granulocytic sarcoma is an unusual form of tumefaction caused by acute granulocytic leukemia. On rare occasions, the lesion precedes the leukemic phase and presents as a mass with a normal peripheral white cell count. This report describes the initial manifestation of granulocytic sarcoma by vaginal cytology in a 39-year-old female with Down's syndrome. Six days after admission, the patient died of acute peritonitis following spontaneous perforation of the bowel. Autopsy revealed involvement of cervix, vagina, bowel wall and one pelvic lymph node by granulocytic sarcoma. Bone marrow examination confirmed the preleukemic stage of the disease. Cytologically, the malignant cells occurred singly. No nucleoli were seen. The differential diagnosis between malignant lymphoma and granulocytic sarcoma rests upon a positive naphtol AS-D chloroacetate esterase stain in granulocytic sarcoma. This stain may be performed on paraffin-embedded sections or on smears.
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PMID:Preleukemic granulocytic sarcoma of cervix and vagina: initial manifestation by cytology. 646 Nov 54

A 34-year-old woman developed a granulocytic sarcoma of the breast coincident with the development of acute myelogenous leukemia. Subsequent to the induction of leukemia remission, marrow relapse was preceded by development of breast and vaginal granulocytic sarcomas on two separate occasions. Granulocytic sarcoma is occasionally reported to involve reproductive organs, but the coexistence in two such organs is indeed rare. When granulocytic sarcoma occurs at other sites, it often precedes the development of overt leukemia. For this reason, granulocytic sarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a pelvic mass especially in a patient in whom blood smears reveal unusual or early forms.
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PMID:Coexistent breast and vaginal granulocytic sarcoma. 657 95

Granulocytic sarcoma of the skin is only rarely the initial manifestation of acute granulocytic leukemia. In the absence of systemic signs and symptoms of leukemia, routine histologic examination of granulocytic sarcoma may result in misdiagnosis. A case of granulocytic sarcoma preceding overt leukemia is reported in which the biopsy specimen was initially interpreted as granuloma faciale.
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PMID:Granulocytic sarcoma preceding overt granulocytic leukemia. 658 97

Patients receiving ionizing radiation therapy or cytotoxic chemotherapy are at increased risk of developing acute myelogenous leukemia. Ten cases of therapy-linked myelogenous leukemia have been reported in patients with sarcoma, and we report here the first case in a patient who received combined-modality therapy for treatment of an osteogenic sarcoma. As treatment for this disease becomes more intensive and survival improves, the incidence of leukemia following therapy for osteogenic sarcoma may increase.
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PMID:Acute myelogenous leukemia following radiation therapy and chemotherapy for osteogenic sarcoma. 658 34

Preleukemia is a well-defined syndrome of hematopoietic dysfunction that may antedate the development of acute myelogenous leukemia. Granulocytic sarcoma refers to neoplastic infiltration in the skin, composed of immature cells of the granulocyte series. We report two cases of granulocytic sarcoma in the setting of preleukemia. The clinical importance of these cases, as well as the cutaneous manifestations of leukemia and the clinical spectrum of granulocytic sarcoma, are presented.
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PMID:Granulocytic sarcoma. A new finding in the setting of preleukemia. 659 7

A 3-year-old boy presented with a marked right exophthalmos of a few days duration. This was due to a retrobulbar granulocytic sarcoma that was subtotally removed at a lateral orbitotomy. Subsequent studies revealed acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) of FAB-type M2. The orbital tumor disappeared totally after local irradiation and cytostatic treatment. Another granulocytic sarcoma developed 3 months later in the left orbit. It disappeared also during repeated cytostatic induction therapy although only transient hematologic remission was achieved. After 1 month a recurrence of the tumor in the left orbit was noted. The disease progressed without response to treatment and the patient died 11 months after diagnosis.
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PMID:Orbital granulocytic sarcoma as a presenting sign in acute myelogenous leukemia. 659 57

The oncogene of the HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cell line has been passed serially through NIH/3T3 mouse fibroblasts. Oncogene-specific probes prepared from the resulting tertiary transfectants by molecular cloning have been used to show that loss of the transfected oncogene from NIH/3T3 cells correlates with reversion to nontransformed morphology. Analysis of cells transfected by the oncogenes of other tumors and tumor cell lines indicates that the transforming gene of the HL-60 leukemia cell line is closely related to oncogenes of a Burkitt's lymphoma, an acute myelogenous leukemia, an adenocarcinoma of the colon, a neuroblastoma, and two sarcomas. This oncogene is distantly related to the viral oncogenes of Kirsten and Harvey sarcoma viruses. It has been termed N-ras. The active N-ras oncogene coexists with altered versions of the myc oncogene in the HL-60 and AW Ramos human tumors. This suggests a multistep mechanism involving both ras and myc genes in the creation of these tumors.
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PMID:The HL-60 transforming sequence: a ras oncogene coexisting with altered myc genes in hematopoietic tumors. 668 94

A potential application of the human tumor stem cell colony assay is to guide Phase II clinical investigations by identifying classes of tumors (or individual patients) which are sensitive in vitro to a new antitumor compound. We have tested human tumor stem cells from 140 tumor biopsies representing 20 different tumor types for chemosensitivity to the Phase II drug 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide. In vitro sensitivity was defined as a reduction in the number of tumor colony-forming cells to 30% of the control or less after a 1-hr exposure to one-tenth of the pharmacologically achievable plasma concentration of 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide. In vitro sensitivity was found in 29 cases: non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (2 of 2); cervical carcinoma (1 of 1); sarcoma (3 of 6); neuroblastoma (1 of 2); acute myelogenous leukemia (6 of 16); chronic myelogenous leukemia (1 of 3); melanoma (8 of 34); uterine carcinoma (1 of 5); lung carcinoma (1 of 9); ovarian carcinoma (4 of 36); and breast carcinoma (1 of 11). Prospective in vitro-in vivo correlations in eight patients with various tumor types showed that three of three patients sensitive in vitro to 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide responded in vivo, while five of five patients resistant in vitro had no clinical response. The results provide support for further evaluation of the utility of the human tumor stem cell colony assay for targeting Phase II clinical trials.
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PMID:In vitro chemosensitivities of human tumor stem cells to the Phase II drug 4'-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide and prospective in vivo correlations. 689 12

A 15-year-old girl with acute myelomonocytic leukemia in bone marrow remission presented with signs and symptoms of an intracranial mass lesion. A computed tomographic scan revealed a large cystic lesion in the left posterior parietal lobe, which biopsy proved to be a granulocytic sarcoma. She responded well to a combined treatment program utilizing surgical excision, radiation therapy, and intrathecal chemotherapy. Four previously reported cases are reviewed, and our findings suggest that increasing numbers of such cases may become evident as primary therapy prolongs remission duration in children with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.
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PMID:Intracranial granulocytic sarcoma complicating childhood acute myelomonocytic leukemia. 694 16

This report describes a patient with granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) of the mediastinum who presented with esophageal obstruction. There was also pleural involvement and a malignant effusion. Acute myelogenous leukemia was diagnosed concomitantly. Pitfalls in diagnosis are discussed.
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PMID:Report of a patient presenting with esophageal obstruction. 695 51


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