Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023467 (acute myeloid leukemia)
 35,200 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of granulocytic sarcoma is reported. A 51-year-old male was found, upon laparotomy, to have a tumor mass in the terminal ileum. Nine months later, acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) was diagnosed upon a peripheral blood and bone marrow examination showing an increased number of abnormal myeloblasts. Scattered lesions of granulocytic sarcoma were found in the intestine, colon, testis, skin, gingiva and bone marrow. Chemotherapy, with multiple regimens for leukemia in combination, did not affect the tumor and the patient died 10 months following his development of overt leukemia. Detailed pathological findings are presented because of the difficulty in differentiating granulocytic sarcoma from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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PMID:Granulocytic sarcoma of the intestine as a primary manifestation nine months prior to overt acute myelogenous leukemia. 347 May 35

Four cases of central nervous system involvement by granulocytic sarcoma (three intracranial and one paraspinal) in children with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (FAB M1 or M2 subtype) are presented, and therapeutic modalities are discussed. All tumors were noted at initial presentation with diagnosis being made on clinical and radiological findings without biopsy. All patients had karyotypic abnormalities: three had translocation of chromosomes 8 and 21, and one had an unspecified hypodiploid clone. The three patients who developed intracranial tumors responded well to triple agent (cytosine arabinoside, hydrocortisone, and methotrexate) intrathecal chemotherapy and systemic chemotherapy, with or without local irradiation, as evidenced by rapid disappearance of the tumors. Two children are disease-free after 17 and 57 months. One patient with paraspinal tumor failed to achieve a systemic remission but had no evidence of granulocytic sarcoma at autopsy. Thus, the prognosis of CNS granulocytic sarcoma is not uniformly gloomy if treated aggressively by combined modalities. The value of surgical intervention in terms of primary management, however, is limited.
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PMID:Therapeutic modalities for central nervous system involvement by granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) in children with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. 347 69

A case of granulocytic sarcoma, or chloroma, of the palatal mucosa, which developed 15 months before the onset of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), is reported. The diagnosis was suspected on the basis of the light microscopic findings and confirmed by histochemical studies. Granulocytic sarcomas are rare, may be observed in a variety of body locations, and are considered specific lesions of AML or of the onset of blast crisis in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Primary granulocytic sarcomas of the oral cavity without systemic manifestations of AML are extremely rare. Clinical diagnosis of these lesions in patients with normal peripheral blood and bone marrow may be very difficult.
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PMID:Granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) of the oral cavity: a case with aleukemic presentation. 347 96

Infiltration by leukemic cells may occur in many organs. When localized masses caused by myeloid leukemic infiltration occur, they are called granulocytic sarcomas. Such tumors may be mistaken for primary carcinomas. In this report, we describe a 63-yr-old man with acute myelogenous leukemia who developed progressive atelectasis of the left lower lobe of the lung. Bronchoscopy revealed a fungating endobronchial tumor completely obstructing the left lower lobe bronchus and partially occluding the left upper lobe bronchus. Biopsies from this lesion showed an endobronchial granulocytic sarcoma. Despite chemotherapy, the patient developed progressive hypoxemia and died.
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PMID:Endobronchial granulocytic sarcoma causing acute respiratory failure in acute myelogenous leukemia. 347 36

A series of 7 patients with granulocytic sarcoma is presented to illustrate its varied clinical picture. In particular, this condition may present with features which suggest a non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The diagnosis will only be made if a high index of suspicion is maintained and special histopathological methods are used. Granulocytic sarcoma should be treated like an acute myeloid leukaemia.
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PMID:Granulocytic sarcoma: a diagnosis to be considered in unusual lymphoma syndromes. 348 Oct 72

Pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein (SP1) was assayed by particle-counting immunoassay (PACIA) with a sensitivity of 1 microgram/L. In serum from 50 men, the SP1 concentration was less than 1 microgram/L, whereas three of the specimens from 46 nonpregnant women had values exceeding 1 microgram/L. In 29% of 950 consecutive patients' sera, SP1 concentrations exceeded 1 microgram/L--in sarcoma (six of six), in malignant hemopathies (101/127, 80%) such as myeloma (20/26, 92%) and acute myeloblastic leukemia (23/27, 90%), and in various other types of cancer (11/19, 58%) except for bronchial epithelioma, which did not lead to any significant increase of SP1 in the five patients examined. The concentration of SP1 was also frequently increased in patients with Crohn's ileitis (28/43, 65%) but not in patients with other inflammatory disorders.
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PMID:Particle-counting immunoassay (PACIA) of pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein, a possible marker of various malignancies and Crohn's ileitis. 387 71

A particle of discrete biochemical composition was purified from fresh, unfrozen peripheral blood leukocytes of human patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia. This particle endogenously synthesized DNA by use of an RNA primer and template. About half of the DNA sequences synthesized in the presence of actinomycin D hybridized to RNA isolated from type-C sarcoma viruses of primates or mice; lower annealing values were obtained with RNA isolated from other sarcoma or leukemia viruses. The results confirm and extend previous results from molecular hybridization experiments related to the existence in human leukemia of components of RNA tumor viruses.
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PMID:Primate RNA tumor virus-like DNA synthesized endogenously by RNA-dependent DNA polymerase in virus-like particles from fresh human acute leukemic blood cells. 413 45

Human sera contain antigens and also circulating immune complexes that are related to the primate retroviral envelope glycoprotein gp70 of simian sarcoma/simian sarcoma associated virus (SiSV) and of gibbon ape leukemia virus (GaLV). SiSVgp70 related antigens (AG) and immune complexes (IC) are detected both in leukemic and in nonleukemic sera. In a further analysis of these data, the prognostic significance of SiSVgp70 related AG and IC in leukemic patients was examined. The data show that the presence of SiSVgp70 related AG and IC indicates an unfavorable clinical course and a shorter survival time in acute leukemias (AL) and in chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis (CML-BC). Survival data of 56 of 64 patients tested were analyzed (38 patients with AL and 18 patients with CML-BC). Patients with AL whose sera were positive for SiSVgp70 related AG and IC had a median survival time of 9.5 months after diagnosis versus 16 months for patients negative for such AG and IC. This difference in survival time was more pronounced for patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) (6.5 versus 19 months). The difference in survival between SiSVgp70 related AG- and IC-negative and positive groups as tested by life table analysis (log-rank test) is significant (P less than 0.05). Patients with AL of the AG- and/or IC-positive group had fewer complete remissions. Patients who had no remissions belong to the AG- and/or IC-positive group (P = 0.06). Patients with CML-BC whose sera were positive for SiSVgp70 related AG and/or IC had a median survival time of 2 months after diagnosis versus 7 months for patients with sera negative for such AG and IC. As tested by log-rank test, survival curves between the two groups are significantly different (P less than 0.05). These findings suggest that SiSVgp70 related AG and IC may play an important role in the course of acute leukemia and can provide useful prognostic information.
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PMID:Antigens and circulating immune complexes related to the primate retroviral glycoprotein SiSVgp70. Indicators of early mortality in human acute leukemias and chronic myelogenous leukemias in blast crisis. 609 85

Peripheral leucocytes from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia were examined for the presence of oncornavirus p30 antigens by indirect cytoplasmic immunofluorescence. The leucocytes of patients who could be kept in balance by chemotherapy proved to be negative or contained the p30 antigen of baboon endogenous oncornavirus. In the leucocytes of patients being in blastoid crisis, an antigen related to the p30 antigen of simian sarcoma virus was detected. In five of six patients decrease in sensitivity to chemotherapy, or blastoid crisis, was preceded by expression of leukaemia-sarcoma virus p30 antigen(s). Plasma samples of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and potentially preleukemic hematological disorders were studied for the presence of anti-HL 23 virus antibodies by indirect membrane immunofluorescence. In patients with untreated AML, antibodies could be detected when the peripheral leucocyte count was low. After treatment of AML with cytostatic drugs the presence of high titer antibodies was connected with long lasting remission. Of twelve patients with potentially preleukemic disorders, five proved to be positive for the presence of HL 23-specific antibodies. In half a year period development of overt leukemic disease could be observed in four patients, who proved to be antibody negative in the preleukemic phase.
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PMID:Studies on antigens of C-type primate viruses and antibodies to them at patients with myeloid leukemia and potentially preleukemic hematological disorders. 626 16

We surveyed 22 human hematopoietic tumors and tumor cell lines for sequences capable of transforming NIH 3T3 cells by DNA transfection. A primary human acute myelogenous leukemia, a chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line, and cell lines derived from three independent acute lymphocytic leukemias demonstrated oncogenes capable of conferring the transformed phenotype to NIH 3T3 cells through serial cycles of transfection. One of three transforming genes associated with acute lymphocytic leukemia cells (classified as thymocyte developmental stage II) was identified as the activated cellular homologue of the Kirsten murine sarcoma virus onc gene, kis, a member of the ras family of onc genes. A transforming gene, which was demonstrated to be common to several human myeloid and lymphoid tumor cells, was shown to be a distantly related member of the ras gene family. Thus, the NIH 3T3 transfection assay commonly detects related oncogenes in human hematopoietic tumor cells. Moreover, the activation of these oncogenes appears to be independent of the specific stage of cell differentiation or tumor phenotype.
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PMID:Transforming genes of human hematopoietic tumors: frequent detection of ras-related oncogenes whose activation appears to be independent of tumor phenotype. 630 61


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