Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023467 (acute myeloid leukemia)
 35,200 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The precision of immunological characterization of leukemias was improved by a certain number of technical innovations, particularly hybridoma production and standardization, resulting in monoclonal antibodies and definition of recognised cellular antigens (designated by CD: Cluster of Differentiation). The aim of this work was to determine the immunophenotyping profile of patients with leukemia, by means of a flow cytometric method: 66 blood samples coming from leukemic persons in the Sahel region were studied by flow cytometry, using about thirty monoclonal antibodies all marked with a fluorochrome, in one or two colour systems to assess their distribution according to type (lymphoid B or T / myeloid) and age, and to search for possible co-expressions of markers of different lineages. The marked preponderance of childhood B-ALL in our series is, at least partly, attributable to the age distribution of the Tunisian population. In agreement with studies from other countries, the majority of AML cases occurred among adults. A high proportion of AML cases in our series co-expressed markers of other lineages. Overall, accurate classification of acute leukemias was possible from a simple peripheral blood sample in 62 of 66 cases (93.9%).
 ...
PMID:Contribution of flow cytometry to acute leukemia classification in Tunisia. 1138 Nov 93

Between 1980 and 1998, in the north-west of England, a significant rise in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia was caused by an increase in the precursor B-cell form of this disease. We analysed data on children who were diagnosed with leukaemia in Yorkshire, UK, between 1974 and 1997. The incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia remained stable, although a non-significant yearly increase of 2.4% was noted for the precursor B-cell form of this disease from 1980 onwards. The precursor B-cell form accounted for 80% of all acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Our data are not consistent with increasing incidence for precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, although numbers of children with acute myeloid leukaemia are rising.
 ...
PMID:Incidence of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in Yorkshire, UK. 1150 22

The immunophenotypic features of leukemia blast cells were analyzed in a group of 156 patients with different immunological subtypes of acute leukemia, both lymphoblastic and myeloblastic. Of the 58 patients for whom immunologic studies were performed at relapse, 42 (72%) showed changes in the expression of immunologic markers. The minor shifts in B-ALL were observed most frequently and concerned of the loss of CD34 antigen in 17 cases and the loss of cALLA (CD10) in 7 cases of B-ALL at the first relapse. The acquisition of cell markers was not frequently observed, only in four cases could be seen. HLA-DR molecules remained relatively constant from diagnosis to relapse. In 2 from 3 T-ALL cases the loss of CD1 and CD2 markers, respectively, was noticed at relapse. CD5 and CD7 markers were relatively stable. In AML cases at relapse the acquisition of CD13 marker (in 4 from 7 cases) was often observed. It was interesting that comparing to the B-ALL cases, the loss of CD34 marker in AML cases was stray. In one case the acquisition of this antigen at relapse was actually observed. The major interlineage shift was detected in one case of B-ALL, that was newly diagnosed at relapse as AML M4 and presented different cytogenetic features. This case provides strong connection with the treatment, as more recently epipodophyllotoxins (vumon in our patient) have been linked to the development of secondary AML associated with a shorter latency period. The immunophenotypic changes frequently occur at relapse in all acute leukemia types. The shifts (loss or acquisition) in expression of individual markers at relapse are bound with the first diagnosis and may have a relationship to the treatment and are important for correct assessment of minimal residual disease.
 ...
PMID:Shifts in expression of immunological cell markers in relapsed acute leukemia. 1158 83

The purpose of this study was to determine the value of p53 protein overexpression in human leukemia and lymphoma cells. We examined PB and/or BM samples on a series of 111 patients with immunophenotypically defined hematological malignancies at diagnosis, in remission and in relapsed disease comparing to 20 control samples of healthy individuals. p53 protein has been studied by flow cytometry using three monoclonal antibodies specific for epitopes on N-terminus (Bp53-12, DO-1) and central region (DO-11) of p53 protein. Our findigs showed, that p53 expression may contribute to phenotype of leukemic cells and that overexpression of this protein is often associated with progression of disease. All samples of early B-ALL patients and samples of patients with immunophenotypically defined T- cell disorders examined at diagnosis of disease were p53 positive. Eleven of 19 patient samples from AML at diagnosis showed also increased expression of p53 protein. The cells of all patients who responded to therapy with complete immunophenotypically defined remission were p53 negative. Relapsed T-, B- ALL and AML develop p53 alteration. We reported positive p53 expression in cells of patients with advanced stages of CLL in comparison to them with initial stage of disease at examination. As well as in the group of B- cell lymphomas only samples of patients with generalized FCC lymphoma at diagnosis were p53 positive. We detected p53 positive cells in immunologically defined myeloid blast crisis of CML opposite to p53 negativity in chronic phase of disease. The finding of p53 positive BM cells without immunophenotypic blast markers in two of followed cases documented the contributing value of p53 detection in their characterization. On the basis of above findings we conclude, that cytofluorometric determination of p53 expression may contribute to the better definition of leukemic phenotype. Loss of the normal p53 function may be important in the genesis of some leukemias. Elucidation of the mechanisms of p53 inactivation needs some more study.
 ...
PMID:P53 protein expression in human leukemia and lymphoma cells. 1171 81

Immunophenotypes of chronic myelogenous leukemia(CML) in chronic phase and in blastic crisis were reviewed. CML cells in chronic phase show a relatively mature immunophenotypes, such as CD13, CD33, CD15, and MPO, but not positive for CD34, CD117, TdT, and HLA-DR. When a CML transforms into blastic crisis, the blast cells demonstrate an immature myeloid(acute myelogenous leukemia(AML)-like) phenotypes in 60-70% of cases. The blast cells which have myeloid markers show CD13, CD33, MPO. In contrast to de novo AML, these myeloid blast cells often express megakaryocytic, erythroid markers or natural killer cell markers, and in some of the cases, the myeloid blast cells have complex phenotypes, with co-expression of markers from two or three lineages. The blast cells, in 25-30% of cases, demonstrate lymphoid blast phenotype characteristics similar to acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL), common ALL, or pre-B-ALL. In 60-80% of cases, the lymphoid blast cells co-express myeloid phenotype, fulfilling the criteria of biphenotypic leukemia.
 ...
PMID:[Immunophenotypes on blast cells of chronic myelogenous leukemia]. 1176 36

We have analyzed by immunocytochemistry the p53 and Bcl-2 proteins expression in 49 patients with B-ALL, T-ALL and AML at the time of initial diagnosis. The diagnosis was based on morphologic and cytochemical criteria and on immunophenotyping. To demonstrate the p53 protein expression, p53 specific mouse antihuman immunoreagent clone DO-1 that recognizes both wild and mutated p53 protein was used. To detect Bcl-2 a monoclonal antibody that recognizes the 26-kD Bcl-2 protein was applied. For evaluation of both proteins a sensitive Immunotech detection kit based on peroxidase labeled streptavidin biotin reagent was utilized. The patients were divided according to the presence or absence of both, nuclear p53 and cytoplasmic Bcl-2 proteins. A relative low frequency of p53 protein expression in B- and T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia has been shown at diagnosis. In AML cases, the frequency of p53 expression was higher than that in ALL. Bcl-2 protein immunoreactivity has been found in the majority of acute leukemia patients. The marked heterogeneity in the percentage of p53 and Bcl-2 positive cells in individual patients was observed. Comparative analysis of the distinct acute leukemia subtypes according to the percentage of p53 and Bcl-2 positive cells showed no significant differences except for p53 protein positivity in relation between T-ALL and AML cases. The samples from healthy subjects used as a control exhibited very low proportion of positively stained cells and significantly differed from p53 as well as Bcl-2 positive cases. p53 and Bcl-2 positivity have not been significantly affected neither by age, sex nor WB C counts. Association between myeloid cells maturation and proportion of p53 and Bcl-2 positive cells was observed. Noteworthy was the inverse relation between the higher proportion of p53 positive cells and low Bcl-2 positivity in some cases of acute leukemia. Although our preliminary results need to be confirmed in a larger group of patients, immunocytochemical analysis of p53 and Bcl-2 proteins, indicators of cell alterations, may help to identify risk patients requiring intensive therapy.
 ...
PMID:Expression of p53 and bcl-2 proteins in acute leukemias: an immunocytochemical study. 1194 43

Indonesia consist of many island inhabited by many ethnic groups with different social economic condition. As in other parts of the world, anemia is still one of the major health problem in Indonesia. The reported anemia prevalence differs in each area and age groups, ranging from 5.4% in well nourished preschool children to 56.3% in primary school children; and 19% to 62.5% in pregnant women. The causes of anemia mostly reported were nutritional like iron deficiency, abnormal hemoglobin besides other conditions. In Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital as the national referral hospital in Indonesia, in the adults groups, the cause of anemia reported were 14% with iron deficiency, 54% aplastic, 16% hemolytic and 16% other causes. Whereas in the child health department the cause were 29% nutritional deficiency, 31% thalassemia, 10% aplastic, 4% hemolytic and 26% other causes. Thalassemia is quite often reported in Indonesia. In 1955 Lie-Injo first reported the HbE as the most frequently found abnormality among many ethnic groups in Indonesia, ranging from 2.5% to 13.2%. In later studies the prevalence reported varies very much. It was reported as 9.5% in newborns, 22% in pregnant women, and 15.95% to 60% in athletes. The carrier frequency in some areas was between 6-10%, while the pattern of mutation varied widely within each region. Hemophilia cases in Indonesia is still not diagnosed adequately, only 530 cases were reported. The problems were lack of diagnostic laboratories and awareness. As many as 56.9% of the hemophilia patients who received cryoprecipitate were reported positive with HCV antibody. Hematological malignancy is now also became an increasing problem in Indonesia, in child health department the prevalence of leukemia was 57%, and lymphoma 13% among other malignancies. In National Cancer hospital, the prevalence leukemia as diagnosed using morphology and flowcytometry, were 51.4% AML, 19.7% B-ALL, 14.6% T-ALL, 4.5% preB-ALL, with 9.8% cases with co expression, and 30% other malignancies. Due to geographical situation, economic condition and lack of diagnostic laboratory facility many abnormalities were unable to be diagnosed properly.
 ...
PMID:Some hematological problems in Indonesia. 1243 Aug 66

The purpose of this study was to optimize a fixation procedure for detection of cytoplasmic antigens by flow cytometry(FCM) and to evaluate the effect of intracellular CD3, CD22, CD79a and myeloperoxidase(MPO) in lineage assignment. Four kinds of fixation procedure and three or four color direct immunofluorescence staining were used to permeate cell membrane and label cell surface and intracellular antigens by means of FCM. Results showed that percentage of cytoplasmic antigens positive cells was the highest and cell scatter and fluorescence intensity of CD45 were not changed after using of FACS permeabilization solution. MPO protein was positive in 16/18 acute myeloid leukemia(AML) patients. 4 cases of T cell-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cases were positive for cytoplasmic CD3(c CD3) but surface CD3 was negative. c CD22 was only detected in 9/13 of B-ALL and cCD79a was positive in 5/5 B-ALL. 18/38 cases of acute leukemia were expressed in more than one lineage marker, 8/21 cases of acute non-lymphocytic leukemia(ANLL) were CD7 positive. 7/17 cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) expressed CD13. After further cytoplasmic antigen detection, one was considered to be a T/myeloid biphenotypic leukemia, another one was diagnosed as biclonal or mixed leukemia. The results suggest that intracellular CD3,CD22,CD79a and MPO are lineage specific markers, they are very important for biphenotypic and biclonal/mixed acute leukemia identification
 ...
PMID:[Detection of cytoplasmic antigens by flow cytometry and its implication for leukemia immunophenotyping]. 1251 30

Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to quantify viral loads of human herpesviruses (HHVs) at diagnosis in 61 samples of malignant B cells: 21 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), 29 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and 11 multiple myeloma (MM); control samples were blasts from 16 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 24 blood or bone marrow samples from healthy donors. The majority of samples from healthy donors and patients (B-ALL, B-CLL or AML, but not MM) was positive for EBV and contained <100 ebv copies/100 ng dna. ebv loads were occasionally high (>500 copies/100 ng DNA) in B-ALL (2/16) and in B-CLL (2/21) samples. The fractions of samples positive for HHV-8 and HHV-6A, less than 10% for MM patients, were high for adults with B-ALL (18.8% HHV-8+, 43.8% HHV-6A+) or B-CLL (28.6% HHV-8+, 52.4% HHV-6A+). B-ALL, B-CLL and MM samples were rarely positive for HHV-6B and HHV-7. Lastly, 75% of B-ALL samples were positive for CMV, and CMV loads were significantly higher in B-ALL samples than in MM, B-CLL or AML samples. We also used PCR with consensus-degenerate hybrid oligonucleotide primers (CODEHOP) to look for novel HHVs in B cell samples: no sequence indicative of a new HHV was detected. Altogether, the data indicate that the presence of multiple HHVs, including EBV and CMV at high loads, is not rare in B-ALL and B-CLL cell samples. Future prospective studies should determine whether patients with high EBV/CMV loads at diagnosis in tumor samples face a higher risk of delayed hematological recovery, virus-related complications or relapse.
 ...
PMID:Qualitative and quantitative analysis of human herpesviruses in chronic and acute B cell lymphocytic leukemia and in multiple myeloma. 1252 77

To evaluate the frequency and cytogenetic and immunophenotypic features of therapy-related, precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 152 cases of immature B-cell ALL were reviewed. These were compared to the frequency of therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) during the same time period. Eight ALL cases with a prior diagnosis of malignancy were identified, including six (4.0%) with prior therapy considered to be therapy-related ALL (t-ALL). The t-ALL cases followed treatment for breast carcinoma (two cases), lung carcinoma (two cases), lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin's disease and follicular lymphoma with a latency period of 13 months to 8 years. All t-ALL cases had a pro-B (CD10-negative) immunophenotype with significantly higher expression of CD15 and CD65, compared to the de novo CD10-positive ALL cases. All six t-ALL cases had MLL abnormalities by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and four showed t(4;11)(q21;q23). These represented half of all 11q23-positive adult ALL cases. During the same time period, 4.9% of all AML cases were considered t-AML. There was a 16.7% frequency of 11q23 abnormalities in the t-AML group. Despite the similar frequency in therapy-related disease among ALL and AML cases, there were differences in the frequency of the diseases and t-ALL represented 12% of all therapy-related leukemias. However, t-ALL represented 46% of all 11q23-positive therapy-related leukemias. The immunogenetic features of t-ALL appear distinct and may aid in identifying more cases of this disease type in the future.
 ...
PMID:High frequency of pro-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults with secondary leukemia with 11q23 abnormalities. 1276 73


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>