Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023467 (acute myeloid leukemia)
 35,200 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Factors of the plasma kallikrein system have been evaluated following the course of 48 patients with hematological malignancies which consisted of 15 cases of AML, 6 cases of myeloproliferative disorders, 14 of lymphoproliferative disorders, 8 of multiple myeloma and 5 of bone marrow carcinomatoses. Normal range of spontaneous activity was 11.4 +/- 3.0 micronM/ml TAMe hydrolyzed, kallikreinogen was 115.8 +/- 26.2 micronM/ml.h and enzyme inhibitor was 1.02 +/- 0.37 unit. Lower kallikreinogen level of the range was from 77.2 to 93.1; higher spontaneous activity, 8.4 to 18.0 and lower enzyme inhibitor activity of 0.46 to 0.92 was seen before treatment. Kallikreinogen increased up to the range of 95.6 to 120.1 at complete remission and decreased down to 63.1 - 76.5 prior to death. The causes of the change in these factors were discussed.
 ...
PMID:Kallikrein system during treatment of hematological malignancies. 29 1

The phenomenon of premature chromosome condensation (PCC) was used to compare the bone marrow proliferation characteristics of 163 patients with various forms of leukemia prior to the initiation of new therapy. The proliferative potential index (PPI, or fraction of G1 cells in late G1 phase) and the fraction of cells in S phase was determined and compared to the type of disease and the bone marrow blast infiltrate for each patient. Previously untreated patients with acute leukemia exhibited an average PPI value three times that of normal bone marrow (37.5% for acute myeloblastic leukemia [AML], acute monomyeloblastic leukemia [AMML], or acute promyelocytic leukemia [APML] and 42% for acute lymphocytic leukemia [ALL] or acute undifferentiated leukemia [AUL]). Untreated chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients showed intermediate PPI values (25.2%), whereas CML patients with controlled disease exhibited nearly normal PPI values (14.6%). On the other hand, blastic-phase CML patients exhibited PPI values closer to that observed in patients with acute leukemia (35.4%). Seven patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) exhibited even higher PPI values. No correlations were observed between PPI values, fraction of cells in S phase, and marrow blast infiltrate. For untreated acute disease patients, PPI values were prognostic for response only at low and high PPI values. These results suggest that the PCC-determined proliferative potential is a biologic reflection of the degree of malignancy within the bone marrow.
 ...
PMID:Premature chromosome condensation studies in human leukemia. I. Pretreatment characteristics. 29 41

Bone marrow cells were cultured in liquid media with and without phytohemagglutinin (PHA) to test bone marrow lymphocyte response during the remission period of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Mitogen-stimulated cultures from nine leukemic patients while in complete remission showed high percentages of morphologically transformed lymphocytes, but proliferation of these cells was significantly decreased (p less than 0.02) in cultures from six patients who subsequently relapsed (mean remission duration 10 months) and died. In contrast, lymphocyte proliferation in cultures from three AML patients with long remission (greater than 30 months) was comparable to controls. Parallel cultures without added PHA showed a progressive decrease in total viable cell number with time, but an increasing percentage of macrophages in both control and AML cultures. These studies suggest that bone marrow lymphocyte proliferation, but not morphologic transformation, is impaired in some patients with AML, and that identification of this defect may be of prognostic value.
Cancer 1979 Oct
PMID:Impaired bone marrow lymphocyte proliferation in acute myelogenous leukemia. 29 67

During the last 4 years, we have studied the adriamycin-DNA complex originally developed by Trouet and co-workers (1972). This paper summarizes the results of our pharmacologic and clinical studies. The complex is taken up by cells through an adsorptive pinocytosis, with DNA as the binding molecule. Excess DNA prevents uptake of the drug. Administration of the drug as the complex results in much higher serum concentration and a reduced urinary excretion. The complex is well tolerated, but side effects are probably of the same order as those seen with the free drug. An exception may be the heart. The acute toxicity is not seen when infusing the complex. Our experience with 20 children who have received more than 500 mg/m2 indicates that the chronic cardiac toxicity may be reduced, too. Spectacular, but anecdotal, results have been observed in a variety of solid tumors. Of 16 children with acute myelogenous leukemia, 14 went into a complete remission on a protocol of cytosine arabinoside in combination with the complex. Three of these children are now off therapy, with the longest observation period being 4 years and 4 months.
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1979
PMID:Clinical and pharmacologic studies with adriamycin-DNA complex in children with malignant disease. 29 2

Sixteen chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients in remission were tested with solubilized membrane antigens from CML leukaemic cells, CML blasts, AML blasts and ALL blasts for cellular immunity in vitro by lymphocyte transformation (LT) and leucocyte migration inhibition (LMI) assays. Twelve CML patients in remission were tested with allogeneic PHA-transformed normal lymphoblasts. As controls, peripheral-blood leucocytes from 9 healthy persons were tested with the same antigen preparations. It was seen that 8/16 (50%) CML patients responded to CML antigens by both LT and LMI assays, while 5/16 (31%) patients reacted to CML blasts and 44% (7/16) patients reacted to AML blast antigens. It was interesting to note that 5/11 (45%) CML patients reacted to ALL blast antigens by both assays. One out of 12 patients reacted to PHA-transformed lymphoblasts. None of the healthy controls reacted to leukaemia-associated antigens. The results suggest the sharing of antigens between myeloid leukaemic cells, myeloid blasts and lymphoid blasts.
Br J Cancer 1979 Sep
PMID:Cellular sensitization in chronic myeloid leukaemia patients to leukaemic blast antigens. 29 50

A population of human AML cells which have a characteristic karyotypic marker was cryopreserved and then grown in short-term liquid culture for 2 weeks, during which time the cells increased about 7-fold in number and progressively acquired characteristics of macrophages. 10(7) cells obtained after 1 day in culture, when they were almost devoid of Fc receptors (Fc-), on inoculation into immune-deprived mice gave rise to tumours in more than 90% of the animals. However, after 13 days of culture, when almost all the cells had Fc receptors (Fc+), a similar inoculum did not grow as tumours. After 7 days in culture the cells were heterogeneous, and divided about equally into Fc+ and Fc- cells, both of which were replicating. The Fc- population was capable of producing tumours, whereas the Fc+ was not. Of 23 assessable xenograft tumours produced by the AML cells, 14 regressed completely, 4 grew progressively and 5 grew progressively after initial regression. Progressive tumours could be further transplanted. The regression may arise as a result of maturation in vivo similar to that seen in vitro.
Br J Cancer 1979 Nov
PMID:Spontaneous regression of human acute myeloid leukaemia xenografts and phenotypic evidence for maturation. 29 52

VP-16-213, a semisynthetic podophyliotoxin, was tested for antitumor and clinical toxicity in 126 children. The drug was administered iv daily x 5 days every 2 weeks at a starting dose of 75 mg/m2/day. The dose was increased by 25 mg/m2/day/course until clinical response or significant toxicity occurred. The only major toxicity was hematologic, with neutropenia as the most predominant feature. There was one local allergic reaction at the site of injection. No systemic allergic responses were reported. The drug demonstrated significant activity in acute myelomonocytic leukemia with four responses among 19 patients, less activity in acute myelocytic leukemia with two responses among 44 patients, and little activity in acute lymphocytic leukemia with only one partial response among 12 patients. Objective partial responses occurred in ten of 48 patients with solid tumors: two each with Wilms' tumor, lymphoma, and histiocytosis X, and one each with rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, Ewing's sarcoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma. The inclusion of VP-16-213 in combination chemotherapy for childhood acute myelomonocytic leukemia and acute myelocytic leukemia appears indicated in patients relapsing after initial therapy. For solid tumors this is an interim report, with further patient accrual required before specific comments can be made.
Cancer Treat Rep
PMID:Phase II study of VP-16-213 in childhood malignant disease: a Children's Cancer Study Group Report. 29 6

Two children who presented initially with a lymphoid malignancy were noted to develop recurrences with myeloid features late in the course of their disease. In both cases, evidence of lymphoid differentiation was present in the myelogenous cells that were Ph1 chromosome negative. The first patient had acute myelogenous leukemia and developed a recurrence with morphologic features of acute myelogenous leukemia. Terminal transferase was present in the myelogenous blasts. The second patient initially had a diffuse lymphoblastic non-Hodgkin lymphoma. During the course of her illness she developed a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by basophilic meningitis, splenomegaly, and hypereosinophilia. Lymphocyte T-cell (E-rosette) markers were present on the eosinophils. These observations lend further support to the hypothesis of varying lymphoid and myeloid differentiation in certain cases of leukemia.
 ...
PMID:Myelogenous leukemia evolving during the course of lymphoid malignancy in children. 29 24

Despite the incomparability in the reporting of leukemia and lymphoma incidence among populations and the relative rarity of these diseases, real differences in rates are discernible from available data. In general, the incidence of each of the leukemias and lymphomas is lower in Japan than in other Pacific rim populations whose rates are known. Particularly striking is the low incidence of CLL in Japan. Among Japanese in Hawaii, rates of some of these cancers (lymphosarcoma, CML) approach those of whites, whereas rates of other cancers (Hodgkin's disease, multiple myeloma, ALL, CLL, and AML) more closely resemble those of native Japanese. The number of Chinese living in countries served by population-based cancer reporting systems is too small for any firm conclusions to be made about leukemia and lymphoma incidence in this group. The incidence of these diseases in certain other nonwhite Pacific rim residents (i.e., Mexican Americans, blacks, and Maoris) is, by and large, similar to that of whites.
Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1979 Nov
PMID:Geographical variation in the incidence of the leukemias and lymphomas. 29 90

Nineteen patients are reported who developed acute myeloblastic leukemia following treatment for a variety of solid tumors, including seminoma (four cases), melanoma (one case), and cancer of the ovary (six cases), colon or rectum (three cases), bladder (two cases), cervix, endometrium, and larynx (one case each). There were nine men and ten women, with a median age of 49.8 years (range 29 to 75). The mean interval between the diagnosis of solid tumors and acute leukemia is 5.8 years. In two patients the two diseases occurred simultaneously or within six months of each other. One patient was treated only surgically. Eight patients were treated with radiotherapy, five with chemotherapy, and five received both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Pancytopenia was commonly noted prior to the onset of leukemia with chromosomal abnormalities observed in four cases in which a karyotype was performed. Three patients achieved complete hematological remission following antileukemic therapy. One hundred and six additional patients with non-hematopoietic neoplasms and acute leukemia are reviewed. Although acute leukemia may occur in a higher than expected frequency in patients with solid tumors because of a possible increased risk of a second neoplasm, it seems more likely that the acute leukemia is related to the radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy administered to treat the first neoplasm.
 ...
PMID:Acute myeloblastic leukemia following treatment for non-hematopoietic cancers: report of 19 cases and review of the literature. 29 52


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10