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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Heteromorphism of Y chromosome was studied in head and neck cancer patients and leukemia patients. The results were compared with similar data obtained for healthy men. It was observed that, compared to the controls, mean lengths of Y chromosome were nonsignificantly higher for leukemia patients and lower for head and neck cancer patients. The euchromatic region of Y chromosome (Y-eu) remained comparable in the controls and the leukemia patients, whereas it was smaller in patients with head and neck malignancies. The heterochromatic region (Y-het) was more or less analogous in controls and head and neck cancer patients, however, it was significantly larger in patients with leukemia (P less than 0.02).
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PMID:Variability of euchromatic and heterochromatic regions of Y chromosome in two types of cancer patients. 261

Possible heteromorphism of Y chromosome regions was studied in 50 leukemia patients and 50 healthy controls. The mean length of the Y chromosome was insignificantly higher in the patients as compared to the controls. No difference was observed in the size of the euchromatic region; however, the size of the heterochromatic region was significantly larger in leukemia patients as compared to the controls.
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PMID:Y chromosome in leukemia patients. A study on the heteromorphic nature of its heterochromatic segment. 273 13

A 27-year-old male patient with ataxia telangiectasia (AT) developed atypical chronic lymphocytic leukemia with increasing bone marrow infiltration in the absence of organomegaly. One-third of the leukemia cells expressed a mature suppressor/cytotoxic T cell phenotype (T3+ T4- T6- T8+ T10-), two-thirds demonstrated additional helper/inducer T cell-associated antigens (T3+ T4+ T6- T8+ T10-), and a small fraction reacted with a natural killer (NK) cell-specific monoclonal antibody (Leu 11+). The proliferative response to stimulation in vitro with lectins and various monoclonal antibodies resembled the proliferation pattern of mature thymocytes: The cells responded to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (ConA), stimulation of the T3-Ti receptor complex with Sepharose-bound anti-T3, and stimulation of the sheep erythrocyte receptor protein with anti-T11(2) and anti-T11(3) in conjunction with exogenous interleukin-2 (IL 2); they failed, however, to proliferate after stimulation with anti-T11(2) and anti-T11(3) alone. There was no response in the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and no suppression of the MLR between two healthy donors. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and NK activity could not be demonstrated. Cytogenetic analysis revealed complex clonal aberrations, including an interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 14 concerning bands q21-31, loss of chromosome 20, and loss of the Y chromosome. Cytostatic chemotherapy was of little use and caused serious side effects, whereas leukapheresis proved effective in reducing the tumor load. The clinical data and laboratory findings in this case correspond to three previously described patients with AT who developed chronic T cell leukemia. Thus, in adult patients with AT, malignant proliferation of cytogenetically marked and phenotypically heterogeneous mature T cells seems to be a frequent complication.
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PMID:Chronic T cell leukemia with unusual cellular characteristics in ataxia telangiectasia. 294

A 16-year-old boy with leukemia had a marked leucocytosis (165 x 10(9)/L) at presentation. The large number of neutrophils, myelocytes, and metamyelocytes and negative leucocyte alkaline phosphatase reaction raised the possibility of chronic myeloid leukemia. Cytogenetic analysis showed a deletion of chromosome 7, a t (8;21), a missing Y chromosome, and, in some cells, duplication of the der(21). The Philadelphia chromosome was not detected, nor was the breakpoint cluster region of chromosome 22 found to be rearranged. Myeloid leukemia with t (8;21) can therefore be associated with a greater degree of granulocytic hyperplasia than has so far been apparent, and cytogenetic analysis in this case has been crucial in distinguishing leukemia types.
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PMID:Translocation t (8;21) associated with marked granulocytic hyperplasia. 316 93

Four patients with Philadelphia (Ph') positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) were studied before, after, and on relapse following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Southern analysis of DNA from cells collected before and at relapse after BMT was performed in order to investigate the origin of the leukemia at relapse. Using minisatellite probes we showed that the relapse occurred in cells of host origin in all four patients and this was confirmed with a Y chromosome specific probe in two male patients who had a female donor. Furthermore, using two probes for the breakpoint cluster region (bcr) on chromosome 22, we showed that leukemic cells at relapse bore identical rearrangements to those in the disease at time of presentation of each patient. We conclude that relapse in all four patients is due to re-emergence of the original leukemic clone.
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PMID:Molecular analysis of relapse in chronic myeloid leukemia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. 330 66

Cytogenetic analyses by means of trypsin-Giemsa banding technique were performed on bone marrow cells from a total of 12 patients--nine with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and three with myelodysplastic syndrome--and a history of rheumatoid arthritis. Clonal chromosomal abnormalities were identified in two patients with previous exposure to petroleum products, and radiation therapy for a malignant tumor, respectively; one additional patient had a loss of the Y chromosome as the sole aberration. All the remaining nine patients had completely normal karyotypes. Seven patients had received treatment for rheumatoid arthritis with mutagenic drugs. Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome secondary to cytotoxic treatment for a previous malignancy display multiple, usually complex, structural and numerical chromosomal abnormalities in the majority of cases. The contrasting findings in the present patient series suggest other pathogenetic mechanisms in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome following rheumatoid arthritis.
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PMID:Normal bone marrow karyotype in acute leukemia or myelodysplasia following rheumatoid arthritis? 380 51

Thirteen male patients with acute myelogenous leukemia who, on bone marrow chromosome analysis, were missing all or part of the Y chromosome were treated at this institution between 1975 and 1983. Giemsa-banding techniques were performed in 12 cases. Twelve showed -Y in at least 80% of bone marrow metaphases, and one patient had 25% 46,XYqh-. The loss of the Y chromosome was the sole karyotypic abnormality in nine patients, and the remaining four had additional chromosome changes. The peripheral blood lymphocytes were diploid in all except three cases, where no mitotic cells were recovered. The median age was 55 years, eight patients had acute myelogenous leukemia (M2) and five acute myelomonocytic leukemia (M4). Six patients (46%) had an antecedent hematologic disorder. Eleven patients received standard induction combination chemotherapy. Complete remission was achieved in seven patients (63%). Remission bone marrow chromosome analysis showed 100% 46,XY in all seven cases. The median durations of complete remission and survival were 10 months and 12 months, respectively. The review suggests that -Y is a consistent, although uncommon, chromosome marker in acute myelogenous leukemia, associated with an aggressive clinical course and intermediate prognosis.
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PMID:Loss of the Y chromosome in acute myelogenous leukemia: a report of 13 patients. 385 63

A transplantable myelocytic leukemia model of LACA mice, designated by the name of L801, was established by intravenous injection of spleen cell suspension from mice with radiation-induced myelocytic leukemia into mice of the same strain. Until now, for more than three years, the L801 has maintained stable and rapid growth and has been reproduced for over 130 serial passages. The incidence of leukemia in inoculated animals was approximately 100% and mean survival time was 10.9 +/- 2.1 days. The L801 is of myelocytic type which has been determined by cytological, cytochemical, pathological and ultrastructural observations. Its karyotype was hypodiploid, characterized by modal number of 39, loss of Y chromosome and an abnormal huge marker chromosome. The cell cycle duration of the L801 was 16 h. C-type viral particles were observed under the electron-microscope. The L801 was sensitive, to varying extents, to various anti-tumor agents. We presume that the L801 is a useful tool in studies on mechanism of leukemogenesis, anti-tumor agent screening and treatment of experimental tumors.
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PMID:Establishment of a model of transplantable myelocytic leukemia (L801) in LACA mice. 386 46

A 60-year-old man developed pancytopenia and then acute leukaemia. The neoplastic cells in marrow were undifferentiated by electron microscopy and by immunological and cytochemical markers. The only other cells present in marrow were lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages and non-haematopoietic elements. Prior to chemotherapy, cytogenetic analysis of marrow cells showed two karyotypically distinct cell populations, one with 45,X,--Y and the other with a 46,X,--Y,+12 karyotype. All marrow cells stimulated by protein-A from staphylococcus aureus were 46,X,--Y,+12. Phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated cells were normal, 46,XY. These findings suggest strongly that most of the undifferentiated leukaemic cells were missing the Y chromosome. A subpopulation of these leukaemic cells also had trisomy 12. These observations and previously published findings suggest that trisomy 12 occurs non-randomly in haematological disorders, and in particular, may be associated with B-lymphoid malignancy.
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PMID:Acquired trisomy 12 and absent Y chromosome in a patients with acute undifferentiated leukaemia. 725 11

We used polymerase chain reaction amplification of minisatellites sequences (33.6.3, G3, PMS51, YNZ22) and of a Y chromosome specific sequence (DYZ1) to document chimaerism in 50 patients. Indications for bone marrow transplantation (BMT) was acute leukemia (n = 23). Aplastic anemia (n = 18) and inherited newborn disease, SCID and familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (n = 9). The method was informative in all cases. We were able to demonstrate engraftment in 23/23 leukemia patients, 15/18 in aplastic patients and 8/9 in the last group of patients. HLA mismatching BMT was significantly less efficient. Analysis with DYZ1 probe in case of sex mismatched. BMT revealed the frequency of host residual cells after Bott. Their detection in a 0.01-1% range does not seem to influence the outcome of the transplantation procedure.
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PMID:[Value of the analysis of cellular chimerism following bone marrow graft by amplification of minisatellite sequences or specific of the Y chromosome]. 761 63


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