Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Forty lymphoblast cell lines derived from normal subjects, patients with infectious mononucleosis, leukemia, and Burkitt's lymphoma have been studied for surface receptors including surface Ig, complement receptors by the EAC rosette and fluorescent (Raji cell) techniques, and Fc (aggregate) receptor by direct and indirect immunofluorescence. Because of the B-cell tropism of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), an effort was made to correlate the expresion of various surface properties of lymphoblastoid cell lines with the content of EBV viral DNA as determined by complementary RNA-DNA (cNRA-DNA) hybridization on membrane filters or by DNA-DNA renaturation kinetic analysis. The only correlation established was with the Fc receptor determined by direct immunofluorescence. No correlation of EBV genome equivalents per cell with complement receptor or surface Ig was noted, suggesting that the expression of these receptors is not influenced by EBV viral DNA content. Subgroups of lymphoblastoid cell lines were on the basis of variable expression of surface receptors, designated B1, B2, B3, B4, and T. The distribution of lymphoblastoid cell lines into these subgroups were in the ratio of 14:4:1:4:1. The B1, B2, and B4 cell lines (except Molt 4F) were found to contain EBV. The B3 subgroup, for wich cell line 698 was the sole example, expressed surface immunoglobulins but no other B-cell characteristics, and H.S.B., a T-cell line, lacked detectable EBV.
 ...
PMID:Subpopulations of human lymphoblastoid cell lines. Correlation with the expression of surface receptors and content of Epstein-Barr virus genome. 6 90

Leukemic blasts from patients with acute nonlymphoid leukemia were examined for the presence of Ig, receptors for IgGFc, and for their capacity to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against chicken red blood cells (RBC) coated with IgG and spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity (SCMC) against cells of K562 cell line. Leukemic blasts from acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) patients lacked both Fc receptors and Ig on their surface, had no SCMC activity and majority, but not all of them, lacked ADCC activity. Leukemic blasts from patients with acute monocytic leukemia (AMOL) had Fc receptors, and 50% had IgG on their surface. IgG was cytophilic and appeared not to be directed against cell-surface antigens. This antibody did not interfere with the ADCC activity of leukemic cells. Leukemic blasts from majority of patients with AMOL mediated ADCC, but had no SCMC activity. An association between ADCC and presence of Fc receptor was observed.
 ...
PMID:Studies in acute leukemia. I. Antibody-dependent and spontaneous cellular cytotoxicity by leukemic blasts from patients with acute nonlymphoid leukemia. 28 85

A comparison has been made between assays of Fc receptor bearing cells among blood leucocytes from normal individuals and from patients with myeloid leukaemia, using human anti-D coated erythrocytes (HEA) and sheep erythrocytes sensitised with a rabbit anti-sheep erythrocyte antibody (SEA). Differences were found between the assays in both groups, demonstrating the heterogeneity of Fc receptors with respect to affinity for marker, and for Fc bearing leucocytes. Monocytoid cells reacted more readily with both markers than myeloid cells. The HEA rosette assay may be useful selective diagnostic aid for Fc+ myeloid leukaemia since the SEA assay detects Fc receptors on mature granulocytes.
 ...
PMID:Fc receptors on myeloid leukaemic cells: comparison between assays of rosette-forming cells. 29 Jun 90

Phagocytosis of small latex particles was demonstrated by light and electron microscopy in a proportion of cells from B-lymphoproliferative disorders including chronic lymphocytic, prolymphocytic and hairy cell leukaemia. It was not observed in a case of T-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or in normal lymphocytes. A significant correlation was observed between the binding of latex to the lymphocyte surface and the degree of phagocytosis. It is suggested that the phagocytic activity of leukaemic B-lymphocytes is mediated through their Fc receptor and that this property may also be present in normal B-cells. Among mononuclear cells, therefore, phagocytosis can no longer be considered exclusively a property of monocytes.
 ...
PMID:Phagocytic potential of leukaemic B-lymphocytes. 30 76

A detailed kinetic analysis of the distribution of cytoplasmic myosin during the capping of various lymphocytic surface molecules revealed two distinct capping mechanisms. (a) Some cell surface molecules, including immunoglobulin, Fc receptor, and thymus leukemia antigen, all cap spontaneously in a small fraction of lymphocytes during locomotion. Cytoplasmic myosin becomes concentrated in the cytoplasm underlying these spontaneous caps. Exposure to specific antibodies causes all three of these surface molecules to cap rapidly with a concomitant redistribution of cytoplasmic myosin to the area of the cap. These antibodies also stimulate cell locomotion. (b) Other lymphocyte surface molecules, including H2 and Thy.1, do not cap spontaneously. Moreover, exposure to antibodies to these molecules causes them to cap slowly without a redistribution of cytoplasmic myosin or stimulation of cell locomotion. Exposure to concanavalin A gives a response intermediate between these two extremes. We believe that the first type of capping is active and may involve a direct link between the surface molecules and the cytoplasmic contractile apparatus. The second type of capping appears to result simply from aggregation of cross-linked molecules in the plane of the membrane.
 ...
PMID:Two distinct mechanisms for redistribution of lymphocyte surface macromolecules. I. Relationship to cytoplasmic myosin. 30 87

The combined T and B lymphocyte marker test of Mendes et al (1974) has been developed to provide an easy, reproducible test for clinical practice. It has been used to study subpopulations of peripheral lymphocytes in patients with lymphoid malignancies. Significant increases in the numbers of lymphocytes which bind both sheep erythrocytes (E) and the fixed, third component of complement (C3) have been found using this test, in the peripheral blood of all untreated lymphosarcoma (L/SA) patients and T cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) patients. Such increases were not found in blood from patients with chronic lymphatic leukaemia (CLL), other non-lymphoid malignancies, null-cell ALL or normal individuals. These mixed E and C3 receptor bearing cells may be Fc receptor positive and represent a separate subpopulation of lymphocytes.
 ...
PMID:Combined T and B lymphocyte marker test in lymphoproliferative disorders. 40 27

Preleukemic cells could be detected in the bone marrow cell population of SJL/J mice within several days after induction of leukemia by repeated feedings with a chemical carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA). Bone marrow cells collected 7, 30 or 60 days following carcinogenic treatment, developed lymphoid tumors upon transplantation into syngeneic irradiated recipients. The incidence of these tumors varied between 40--45% when the bone marrow cells were collected and transferred 7--30 days after feeding with DMBA, and raised to an incidence of 80% when transferred 60 days after carcinogen administration (compared to 50% incidence in the DMBA-treated bone marrow donors). A survey of several cell surface components on the lymphoid tumor cells, obtained after transplantation of preleukemic cells, indicated that most of the tumor lines bore both the Thy-1.2 antigen (weak) and the Fc receptor, whereas the rest were positive only for the Fc receptor. None of these tumor cell lines would yield a significant amount of cell-bound immunoglobulin.
 ...
PMID:Cell surface components of carcinogen-induced lymphoid tumors in SJL/J mice. 40 24

Immunochemical studies of murine thymus-leukemia antigens (TLA) have confirmed that the subunit structure consists of a 45,000-dalton heavy chain and a beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2m) light chain. Similar structural features are exhibited by the TLA from thymocytes of Tlaa, Tlac, Tlad, and a leukemia cell derived from C57BL/6, a Tlab strain. In addition to the similar subunit structure from the four haplotypes, each TLA shows a similar pattern of trypsin proteolysis. This procedure yields a major heavy chain cleavage product of approximately 37,000 daltons that remains associated with beta 2m and retains most or all of the antigenic determinants of the intact TLA. Evidence is presented that TLA do not exhibit Fc receptor properties, nor do they adsorb to murine leukemia virus antigens under the conditions of isolation for analysis on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Taken together these findings strongly support the hypothesis that TLA comprise a family of chemically similar antigens belonging to a structurally and genetically related group that includes H-2D, H-2K, and Qa-2,3.
 ...
PMID:Shared chemical properties of different murine thymus-leukemia antigens. 44 10

A radioimmune assay for the detection and quantitation of circulating immune complexes has been developed which employs the L1210 murine leukemia cell. The assay is based upon the binding of immune complexes to the L1210 through its Fc receptor followed by quantitation of the complexes with an 125I-labelled anti-IgG. The radioactivity of the cell pellet is referred to a standard curve generated by incubating the L1210 with known amounts of heat aggregated IgG (AIgG). 7S IgG of three species (human, canine, murine) do not bind significantly to the L1210 in contrast to the respective AIgG. The assay readily distinguishes between sera of healthy individuals and sera of individuals (human and canine) with diseases known to be associated with circulation immune complexes (i.e., systemic lupus erythematosus, HBAg positive acute hepatitis). The L1210 radioimmune assay is capable of detecting as little as 5 micrograms of immune complexes per ml of serum in all three species tested. The assay possesses several advantages over those currently employed, the most notable being the ability of the L1210 cell to detect immune complexes irrespective of their complement fixing properties.
 ...
PMID:The L1210 radioimmune assay for detecting circulating immune complexes. 70 Jul 78

Using a new functional approach for the study of lymphomas and leukemias in which immunologic and cytochemical techniques were employed, we found a consistent surface immunoglobulin pattern of the gamma-, k-, lambda-type on cells from poorly differentiated (acute) and well-differentiated (chronic) granulocytic leukemias. This pattern was also found on nonneoplastic granulocytes from patients with leukemoid reactions as well as on granulocytes from normal individuals. These findings suggested that both leukemia cells and nonneoplastic granulocytes had IgG bound to the cell surface by an Fc receptor. This binding of IgG by granulocytes was not tumor-specific and appeared to correlate both with the degree of differentiation and possibly with the degree of activation of the granulocytes. In addition to raising the basic question of its functional significance, these findings offered an approach for distinction of poorly differentiated granulocytic leukemia from lymphomatous processes.
 ...
PMID:Surface immunoglobulin on leukemic, leukemoid, and normal granulocytes. 82 53


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>