Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mouse red cell (MRC) rosette formation was studied in 20 malignant haemopathies. Only cells from chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) formed MRC rosettes with a high frequency. However, cells from 2 cases of CLL could not be demonstrated to form MRC rosettes, although they were undoubtedly found to be of B origin. These 2 cases presented as typical CLL, but they were observed to transform into a sarcomatous type after 5-6 months of evolution, suggesting that the study of MRC rosette formation might be of prognostic value in CLL.
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PMID:Prognostic value of mouse red cell rosette formation in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. 79 46

Cytochemical and electron-microcopic studies have been carried out on leukemic monocytes and 'hairy cells' (HC), 'reticulosarcoma' (RS) cells and cells of cases of 'reticulosis' and 'reticulosarcoma cell leukemia'. Additional investigations included equantitative determinations of the urinary lysozyme excretion, skin window studies, testing of the phagocytosis of ferritin by HC, and labelling of the Fc receptors on CH at the ultrastructural level. Clear evidences against any cytological relationship among leukemic HC and monocytes have been provided. Further results argued also against the frequently stressed relationship among leukemic monocytes and RS cells. Cases of 'RS cell leukemia' and 'reticulosis' had to be reclassified as lymphosarcoma cell leukemia, acute lymphatic, and myeloblastic leukemias. Besides distinct ultrastructural differences among HC, RS cells, and lymphocytes, mainly gradual differences have been noted using cytochemical methods and by evaluating the phagocytosis of ferritin particles. A further common trait of HC, RS cells, and B lymphocytes seems to be the presence of surface Fc receptors. A more precise classification instead of the diagnosis 'reticulosarcoma' and 'reticulosarcoma cell leukemia' is required, and the use of the term 'hairy cell' leukemia is suggested stead of the misleading term 'leukemic reticuloendotheliosis'.
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PMID:Hairy cell leukemia ('leukemic reticuleondotheliosis'), reticulosarcoma, and monocytic leukemia. Cytochemical and ultrastructural investigations. 80 67

Electron-microscopic examination of peripheral blood from a patient with 'hairy cell' leukemia revealed classical 'hairy cells', atypical lymphoid cells and numerous pathological plasma cells. Osmiophilic granular material coated the cell surface of 'hairy cells' and lymphoid cells but not the plasmalemma of the plasma cells. The most important features of the plasma cells were cytoplasmic protrusions and masses of oncogenic virus A particles in their endoplasmic reticular cisternae.
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PMID:Virus-bearing plasma cells in peripheral blood of a patient with 'hairy cell' leukemia. 80 70

In vitro studies were performed with leukaemic cells from two patients with hairy cell leukaemia in order to define the nature and kinetics of immunoglobulin synthesis by the neoplastic cells. Both patients had clinically and morphologically well-defined disease and their cells contained abundant tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. One patient had associated macroglobulinaemia. The hairy cells had B-lymphocyte characteristics as determined by fluorescent immunoglobulin staining and surface receptor properties. They synthesized monoclonal IgM and IgG respectively in vitro. The kinetics of immunoglobulin synthesis were different in cells from the two patients as measured by equilibration time, intracellular degradation, and secretion. Permanent cell lines were established with cells from these patients. The lines grow as typical B-lymphoblastoid cultures and continue to produce tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and immunoglobulin. These studies unequivocally demonstrate the B-lymphocyte nature of the hairy cells in these patients and provide evidence for their clonal origin both in terms of immunoglobulin and enzyme synthesis.
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PMID:Immunoglobulin synthesis in hairy cell leukaemia. 85 55

The splenic red cell volume has been measured directly by an isotope method with quantitative scanning in 10 patients with leukaemic reticuloendotheliosis (hairy cell leukaemia). The volume ranged between 211 and 726 ml (mean 410 ml, SD 158) and this constituted 15--48% (mean 28.1%, SD 9.5) of the total circulating red cell volume. This is an exceptionally large pool when compared with that found in myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders with the same degree of splenomegaly. It is consistent with the histological features which show marked red cell accumulation in the splenic cord areas. The red cell pooling in the spleen thus appears to be a significant factor in the anaemia and there was fairly good correlation between the percentage of improvement in the anaemia and the percentage of red cell volume contained in the spleen. By direct measurement of the splenic red cell pool, it is possible to predict the extent to which splenectomy will benefit the anaemia and this may also provide an indirect measure of the extent of bone marrow dysfunction in the causation of the anaemia.
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PMID:Splenic red cell pooling in hairy cell leukaemia. 87 2

Spontaneous bone fractures and/or focal osteolytic lesions were observed in three patients with morphologically and cytochemically confirmed hairy-cell leukemia 1-3 years after diagnosis and splenectomy. In a bone biopsy obtained from the body of the 12th thoracic vertebra light microscopy revealed a medullary osteopathy, the marrow cavities being infiltrated by a uniform population of rounded or slightly elongated cells. In addition, focal osteolytic lesions were observed on the trabeculae. Ultrastructurally, the cellular infiltrates consisted of reticulum cells, few mature and immature plasmocytes and numerous typical hairy cells with or without ribosome-lamella complexes. These observations demonstrate that hairy-cell leukemia may be associated with severe bone lesions similar to those observed in plasmocytoma. Moreover, these findings support the hypothesis that the hairy cell is a leukemic cell with B-lymphocyte properties.
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PMID:[Hairy-cell leukemia with osteolytic bone changes]. 88 63

Peripheral blood cells from patients with hairy cell leukaemia were cultured in diffusion chambers implanted intraperitoneally. Proliferation of hairy cells could be observed in all patients. Granulo-, erythro- and monocytopoiesis showed no difference of proliferation and differentiation as compared to normal persons. This demonstrates that the presence of hairy cells in the culture did not influence the growth pattern of the residual haemopoiesis. From this result it can be additionally supposed that patients have a regular content of haemopoietic stem cells in peripheral blood. However the growth of lymphocytes and plasmacells showed a significant difference compared with normal persons. The cause is unknown as yet.
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PMID:[Culture of leukocytes of patients with hairy cell leukaemia in the diffusion chamber (author's transl)]. 90 48

Studies of peripheral blood, bone marrow, and spleen cells from three patients with hairy-cell leukemia were performed. Two of the three patients had well-organized cytoplasmic, ribosome-lamellar inclusions in their leukemic cells. Blast transformation and 3H-thymidine incorporation of lymphocytes seemed to fall within normal ranges when the findings were related to the absolute numbers of lymphocytes. The enzymatic markers demonstrated in hairy cells-strong acid phosphatase activity in endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes, marked alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase reaction, and weak beta-glucuronidase activity-as well as their phagocytosis of latex particles, indicate a common origin with monocytes or histiocytes. No decisive results were obtained by immunofluorescence. Evaluation of the significance of the formation by hairy cells of mouse erythrocyte rosettes, as well as the presence of the typical hair-like projections, may require additional knowledge concerning the membrane of these cells.
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PMID:A study of the nature of "hairy" cells, with emphasis on enzymatic markers. 94 41

Cells from the peripheral blood of a patient with 'hairy cell' leukemia were cultivated in long-term cultures. They grew with a monolayer growth pattern and consisted of at least two cell populations. The electron microscopic morphology of the cultivated cells revealed cells resembling 'hairy cells' showing the typical cytoplasmic protrusions and cells with structural characteristics of plasma cells.
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PMID:Occurrence of plasmocytoid cells in long-term blood-cell cultures from a patient with 'hairy cell' leukemia. 100 98

Non-dividing lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia were more sensitive than normal lymphocytes to reagents as prednisolone, cytarabine, vincristine and colchicine. The maximum difference was obtained when the cells were incubated with colchicine at 37 degrees C for 20 h. The sensitivity was measured by a 'sensitivity index' which was an estimate of the average percentage of lymphocytes killed by 1.0 and 0.1 mug/ml of colchicine. The index was 0-15% for lymphocytes from the blood of 14 normal persons and was 61-98% for 23 of 25 leukaemic patients with absolute lymphocyte counts of 8,000 X 10(9)/l or more. 3 of 4 untreated patients with presumptive diagnoses of early leukaemia had low absolute counts of 3,300 to 7,600 X 10(9) lymphocytes/l and high sensitivity indices of 41 to 83%. Tests on treated patients with lymphocytes counts less than 8,000 X 10(9)/l suggested a correlation of the index with remission and relapse. Hairy cells from 3 patients with hairy cell leukaemia were resistant to colchicine. Sensitivity to colchicine seemed useful at a test for leukaemic lymphocytes and as an aid in the haematologic evaluation of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and malignant lymphoma.
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PMID:A colchicine-sensitivity test for leukaemic lymphocytes. 108 30


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