Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A sedimentation technique for cytologic study of CSF was compared with the standard cytocentrifugation method. Seventy-five samples from 37 children with leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were processed by both methods. Total yield of cells and cytomorphology with differentials were analyzed. The techniques are comparable and both allow good cytologic study of the CSF even with very low cell counts/mm3. The sedimentation method can be used as an alternative, especially if a cytocentrifuge is not available. When both methods are used, the possibility of negative cell yield is decreased.
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PMID:Sedimentation versus cytocentrifugation in the cytologic study of craniospinal fluid. 37 92

Twelve cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and acute myeloblastic leukemia or one of its variants are reported. An additional 33 cases from the literature are reviewed. The mean interval between the diagnosis of lymphoma and acute leukemia is 5.2 years. In 5 patients the two diseases occurred simultaneously or within 6 months of each other. All but 10 of the 45 patients received radiation therapy for their lymphoma. Nine patients had either total nodal or total body irradiation or both. Eight patients received chemotherapy alone. No patient was untreated. Survival after the diagnosis of acute leukemia ranged from 3 days to 14 months, with a median of 3 months. Four patients achieved complete hematological remission following antileukemic therapy. Acute leukemia is estimated to occur in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in New York State with a 37-fold increased frequency over the expected number. Although acute leukemia may occur in a higher than expected frequency in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma because of an increased risk of a second neoplasm in patients with a primary tumor, it seems more likely that the acute leukemia may be related to the radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy administered to treat the lymphoma. Late death from leukemia after chemotherapeutic or radiotherapeutic remission of advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is preferable to morbidity and/or early death from untreated or inadequately treated lymphoma.
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PMID:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and acute myeloblastic leukemia: a report of 12 cases and review of the literature. 38 66

Present knowledge of the HL-A system as it relates to lymphoproliferative disease is reviewed briefly. Preliminary results from a current study demonstrate an elevated frequency of Aw33 and depressed frequency of B17 associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma-leukemia. In somewhat weaker association, Aw24 and Aw33 are elevated in follicular-center-cell lymphomas, while Bw44 is depressed. It is concluded that more specific subclassification of the lymphomas according to immunologic concepts may aid in correlating the disease with HL-A type as it has for Hodgkin's disease.
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PMID:The biology of the HL-A system and the association with malignant lymphomas. 49 72

A review of cell kinetic studies in acute childhood leukemia with a comparison of leukemic transformation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is presented in this paper. Leukemic cell populations have a longer cell cycle than their normal cell counterparts. The cell populations are comprised of proliferating and resting fractions and are capable of self-maintaining growth. Growth regulation is determined primarily by the size of the proliferating cell population or growth fraction. The growth fraction can vary as to site of disease, the clinical phase, following chemotherapeutic perturbation, and most importantly is related to the specific tumor cell type. Within a specific type of leukemia there is considerable variability of proliferative activity at time of diagnosis, but this variability bears no relationship to the subsequent clinical course. Those leukemias, such as the E rosette-positive form of lymphocytic leukemia characterized by rapid tumor growth and large tumor bulk, are also associated with tumor cell populations having larger growth fractions than standard lymphocytic leukemia. There is evidence for growth regulation of leukemic cell populations on systemic, regional, and, perhaps most importantly of all, intrinsic cell levels. It is this area of growth regulation for these tumor cell populations which currently needs the greatest research attention.
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PMID:Kinetic studies of cells in childhood leukemias. 49 73

Seven cases of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) and one of malignant myeloproliferative syndrome were identified from a pool of 189 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and CLL treated primarily with extensive radiotherapy at the Clinical Center, the National Institutes of Health. Four patients also received chemotherapy, two for only short periods. The median time interval from the diagnosis of the primary malignancy to the development of leukemia was 61 months (range 33 to 98 months) and the median survival after the diagnosis of leukemia was two months (0 to 9 months). All eight patients were cytogenetically abnormal and serial chromosome studies revealed that hypodiploidy was the most commonly observed chromosomal abnormality. Abnormalities of chromosome no. 7 were seen in all five patients analyzed by the chromosome banding technique; four of them had monosomy 7. The next most frequently involved chromosome was no. 5. The complexity, extensive nature, and long duration of the cytogenetic abnormalities prior to the diagnosis of leukemia in these patients may be characteristic of secondary leukemia in radiation-treated lymphoma and the presence of such anomalies may predict leukemic transformation.
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PMID:Acute non-lymphocytic leukemia and acute myeloproliferative syndrome following radiation therapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia: cytogenetic studies. 49 31

Seven cases of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) and one case of a malignant myeloproliferative syndrome have been seen after extensive radiation therapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia. A myeloproliferative syndrome with abnormalities in granulocytic, erythrocytic, and thrombocytic cell lines was present in all patients and in seven patients preceded ANLL by 2--18 months. The median time to the development of ANLL after primary disease therapy was 61 months (33--98 range). The leukemia was extremely refractory to therapy and median survival after diagnosis of ANLL was two months (range 0--9 months). Leukemia was seen only in those patients who received multiple courses and multiple techniques of radiation therapy.
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PMID:Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia and acute myeloproliferative syndrome following radiation therapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia: clinical studies. 49 58

From 1964-1975 43 children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were treated. 60% of the patients had far advanced disease at diagnosis. Therapy before 1970 consisted of low dose irradiation to the primary and single agent chemotherapy; no C.N.S. irradiation to prevent meningeal recurrence was given. Median survival in this group was 5 months; all patients died. Since 1970 all children with NHL were entered into a modified leukaemia protocol regardless of stage or primary site. Therapy comprised an aggressive multiple drug combination, high dose local irradiation and prophylactic C.N.S. irradiation with intrathecal methotrexate. 41% of the patients treated since 1970 survive in continuous complete remission with a median observation time of 31+ (1-93+) months. All relapses occurred within 30 months after diagnosis. Stage of disease was the most important prognostic factor in our patients. Risk of a primary C.N.S. relapse in the total group was 30% for patients without prophylactic C.N.S. therapy compared to only 6% for patients with treatment.
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PMID:[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in children: improved prognosis through aggressive multiple drug combination and irradiation (author's transl)]. 56 31

Tasmania, an island state of the Australian Commonwealth with a population of 400,000 of predominantly Anglo-Saxon heritage, has relatively centralized oncology services. A study was undertaken of all patients known in December 1971 and of all new cases diagnosed since January 1972 with all forms of leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, myeloma, and other myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders. Data were obtained with respect to lifetime residential and occupational history, schools attended, and known familial cases of any of the myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders.
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PMID:Lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative disease in Tasmania. 61 44

One hundred twenty two children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were studied from January 1966 to December 1975. The first group (1966-1972) did not receive an uniform treatment. The second group (1973-1975) entered in a G.A.T.L.A. protocol consisting of: vincristine-prednisone plus surgery and/or radiotherapy as induction treatment, craniocervical radiotherapy and intrathecal methotrexate as CNS preventive treatment and anti-leukemia (6-mercaptopurine, methotrexate and vincristine-prednisone pulses) or anti-lymphoma (COPP) treatment as maintenance, in a randomized trial. Comparison of survival of the two groups are as follows: series 1966-1972, 22% and 20% at 12 and 24 months of evolution, respectively, and series 1973-1975, 33% and 26% at 12 and 24 months, respectively. After 2 years of complete remission we have not seen any relapse. We conclude that 1) this disease is highly malignant and must be treated with more intensive chemotherapeutic treatment, and 2) there is no difference between antileukemia or anti-lymphoma maintenance treatment, as yet.
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PMID:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in children: an analysis of 122 cases from Argentina. 65

Twenty-six cases of histologically proven malignant histiocytosis are presented. Patient ages ranged from 20 months to 82 years, and a 10:3 male preponderance was seen. Clinical presentation is similar to that of malignant lymphoma and leukemia; histologic differentiation is required. The frequency of intrathoracic involvement at the time of presentation is similar to that of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Retroperitoneal lymph node invasion was readily seen on five of the eight lymphograms performed. Hepatosplenomegaly was a common finding, and three of the patients had evidence of bone involvement during the course of their illness. While there are no radiographic findings specific to malignant histiocytosis, the presence of hepatomegaly should suggest this possibility. The establishment of the correct diagnosis is important to guide choices in chemotherapy.
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PMID:Radiographic manifestations of malignant histiocytosis. 97 May 32


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