Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A gene product (p42) of the long open reading frame, now termed tax, of the viral genome of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) may be related to the transformation of T cells in adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATLL). To evaluate its association with the disease, we compared the prevalence of antibody to p42 in sera obtained from 105 HTLV-I carriers and 64 ATLL patients from southwest Japan. The prevalence of the anti-p42 antibody reactivity was 63% among carriers and 31% among cases. The cases were more than 3 times as likely to lack antibody to p42 than carriers, the relative odds (OR) = 3.4, p = 0.001. When the samples were tested for antibody against p24, the most immunogenic core protein, the prevalence was somewhat higher among carriers (65%) than in cases (52%), but not significantly so (p = 0.15). Among the healthy carriers, the correlation between the prevalence of both antibodies was high (p = 0.001), and only 25% of those who had antibody to p24 lacked antibody to p42. However, among the cases, reactivity to both antigens was independent (p = 0.52), and 65% of those with antibody to p24 lacked antibody to p42, OR = 6.3, p = 0.0004. Thus the strongest serologic marker of ATLL following diagnosis was lack of reactivity to p42, particularly among those subjects with anti-p24. Whether this altered response is present prior to disease remains to be determined.
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PMID:The prevalence of antibody to p42 of HTLV-I among ATLL patients in comparison with healthy carriers in Japan. 278 10

Bone marrow fibroblast colony-forming units (CFU-F) were evaluated in cats experimentally infected with feline leukemia virus (FeLV). Cats that developed persistent viral infection and anemia (progressor cats) had a progressive decrease in the number of CFU-F at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after inoculation with FeLV. This suppression of CFU-F number in progressor cats ranged from 16 to 44% of the preinoculation CFU-F value. Cats that did not develop persistent viral infection or anemia (regressor cats) had decreased numbers of CFU-F (24% of the preinoculation CFU-F value) at 2 weeks after inoculation, but normal CFU-F numbers at 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after inoculation. In vitro incubation of bone marrow mononuclear cells from healthy cats with the 15,000-dalton envelope protein of FeLV resulted in decreased number of CFU-F (21% of that of untreated cultures). The number of CFU-F from bone marrow mononuclear cells incubated with the 27,000-dalton core protein of FeLV was similar to that from untreated cultures.
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PMID:Suppression of feline bone marrow fibroblast colony-forming units by feline leukemia virus. 283 64

In the present study an immunofluorescence using KH-2 cells as target cells, has been developed for the screening of 1200 serum samples from normal individuals and 450 of cases from patients with various malignancies. The positive anti-HTLV-I antibody rate in the former group is 0.083% (1/1200) and while in the latter it is found to be 1.8% (8/450) (including 3 adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cases of the 92 hematopoietic and 5 of 358 non-hematopoietic malignancies). The differences between the two groups are found to be significantly different (p value is less than 0.0001). In addition to the 3 adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cases, the 5 seropositive cancer patients are of 5 different diseases. We have searched for the adult T-cell leukemia virus antigen and the p19 core protein in lymphoid cells of seropositive persons and the only positive cases were from cells of two proven adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) patients. Our results suggest that Taiwan is not an endemic area of adult T-cell leukemia virus and that KH-2 cells may be used for the detection of anti-HTLV-I antibodies.
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PMID:Screening of anti-HTLV antibody in sera of normal individuals and patients with malignancies in Taiwan. 287 Feb 19

T4 subpopulation of T lymphocytes is the preferential target of infection with human T leukemia/lymphoma virus of subgroup I (HTLV-I). In this study we attempt to determine whether different T-cell subsets exhibit differences in susceptibility to virus infection. T cells from cord or peripheral blood were separated according to cell densities and T-cell surface markers by Percoll gradient and Sepharose anti-Fab immunoadsorbent affinity column (IAC), respectively. Separated T-cell subpopulations were infected with HTLV-I, by means of co-cultivation with irradiated virus producer cell lines (MT-2, TK). Percentages of HTLV-I-infected cells were assayed by immunofluorescence assay (IFA), using highly specific mouse monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against HTLV-I p19 core protein. The results showed that different T-cell subpopulations separated either by Percoll or by IAC were susceptible to HTLV-I infection with the exception of large granular lymphocytes (LGL), which exhibit high cell-mediated natural cytotoxicity (CMNC). The susceptibility to HTLV-I infection of T cells with CMNC activity was further studied on established cell clones with LGL morphology. The results showed again that these cells were resistant to the virus infection. The present studies indicate that different T-cell subpopulations, irrespective of their size and of cell-surface markers, are susceptible to HTLV-I infection, with the exception of functionally mature LGL or of immortalized LGL clones.
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PMID:In vitro susceptibility of different human T-cell subpopulations and resistance of large granular lymphocytes to HTLV-I infection. 288 78

For detection of antibody to bovine leukemia virus (BLV) major core protein of p24 and cross-reactive antibody in human patients infected with human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I), monoclonal antibody, D432 against BLV p24 was used by competitive binding enzyme-linked immunoadsorbed assay (ELISA). In sera from cattle with enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) which were positive for BLV antibodies by immunodiffusion test, 109 out of 112 (97.3%) were positive for BLV p24 antibody by competitive binding ELISA. By using the same procedures, 21 samples from adult T cell leukemia (ATL) patients and healthy carriers with HTLV-I were tested for cross-reactive antibody to BLV p24. All 21 samples were positive for HTLV-I antibodies by immunofluorescence test and/or ELISA. By competitive binding ELISA using non-treated BLV antigens, none of these 21 samples inhibited the binding of the D432. When the BLV antigen was treated by several different denaturation procedures, several HTLV-I positive samples showed the inhibition of the D432 binding and the most effective treatment was by 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME). Sixteen out of 21 samples showed the presence of cross-reactive antibody against 2-ME-treated BLV antigens. The cross-reactivity of human sample to BLV p24 antigen was further confirmed by Western blotting of the 2-ME-treated BLV antigens. None of the 28 samples from leukemia patients other than ATL which were negative for HTLV-I antibodies showed inhibition of the D432 by the competitive binding ELISA.
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PMID:Detection of cross-reactive antibody to BLV p24 in sera of human patients infected with HTLV. 288 27

A woman who emigrated to the United States from the Dominican Republic developed the first signs of cutaneous T cell lymphoma during the last trimester of her pregnancy. This patient, found to have a positive reaction against human T-lymphotropic (leukemia-lymphoma) virus type I (HTLV-I), was followed up prospectively from the appearance of the initial skin lesion to the development of high-count helper T cell leukemia. Antibodies reactive with the core protein of HTLV-I were also identified in her husband and mother but not in her 2-year-old daughter. Examination of the patient's course provides clues about the latency period and transmission of HTLV-I and highlights similarities between HTLV-I-positive and HTLV-I-negative cutaneous T cell lymphoma.
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PMID:Clinical evolution of cutaneous T cell lymphoma in a patient with antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type I. 289 Jun 74

In vitro infection of human cord blood lymphocytes (CBL) with human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I) was found to be reduced by suramin treatment at a concentration ranging from 10-100 micrograms/ml. At higher concentrations (500 micrograms/ml) suramin was toxic to the cells and even resulted in an increased percentage of cells positive for the p19 viral core protein. Suramin treatment at the onset of the CBL coculture with a lethally irradiated HTLV-I donor cell line (MT-2) reduced virus transmission, evaluated as number of p19+ cells, and the consequent amount of integrated provirus in the host genome. The amount of viral RNA transcripts was not reduced in CBL cocultures. On the other hand, suramin affected HTLV-I replication in infected MT-2 cells, when used at a concentration of 50 micrograms/ml, and this might contribute to the reduced infectivity of suramin-treated MT-2 cells. In addition to its antiviral effects, suramin exerted a modest positive regulation on the natural killing activity of CBL and their early proliferative response in mixed lymphocyte/tumor cell culture.
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PMID:Low concentrations of suramin can reduce in vitro infection of human cord blood lymphocytes with HTLV-I during long-term culture. 289 31

The prevalence of humoral antibodies to human T-cell leukaemia virus type I (HTLV-I) was investigated in different ethnic groups and in non-human primates in South Africa. Serum antibody levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using either disrupted whole HTLV-I or purified p24 core protein (p24 HTLV-I) as antigens. ELISA was complemented by direct radio-immunoprecipitation assays using either purified iodinated p24 HTLV-I or radiolabelled lysates of an HTLV-producing cell line as antigen followed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the immunoprecipitates, and by immunofluorescence using the HTLV-I-producing cell line HUT-102 as antigen. Antibodies were demonstrated in 3,5% of Asians, 3,5% of blacks and 4,1% of coloureds, but not in whites, and also in 29% of vervet monkeys and 33% of baboons. We conclude that HTLV-I or closely related viruses cause widespread infection in non-human primates in South Africa and in a lower percentage of humans, including apparently healthy blood donors. We are currently isolating retroviruses from seropositive reactors and investigating the possible relevance to disease in South Africa.
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PMID:Serum antibodies to human T-cell leukaemia virus type I in different ethnic groups and in non-human primates in South Africa. 298 93

The DNA sequence of the gag and pol regions of a provirus cloned from a bovine tumor is presented. In order to confirm these results the sequence of portions of a second clone, derived from a virus-producing cell line, was also determined. The gag gene was found to consist of 1179 nucleotides, which probably encode only three proteins: an N-terminal protein of 109 amino acids, a major core protein (p24) of 215 amino acids, and a nucleic acid binding protein (p12) of 69 residues. An open reading frame, whose translated product showed clear homology to the avian and murine proteases, was found beginning immediately upstream of the 3' end of gag. Following this protease region, a third long open reading frame, encoding 852 amino acids, showed clear homology to both avian and murine pol genes. The mechanism of translation of the protease and pol gene products cannot be predicted with certainty. Like Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MuLV), BLV has a termination signal at the 3' end of gag, but unlike M-MuLV the protease is in a different reading frame. Like Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), BLV has a termination signal at the 3' end of the protease region and the reverse transcriptase is in a different (i.e., the third) reading frame. Possible translation mechanisms are discussed. Finally, the BLV gag and pol gene products are highly related to those of the human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV); relatedness varied from 37% amino acid identities within the N terminal gag protein to 54% within the nucleic acid binding protein. Highly significant homology with both murine and avian type-C proteins was found within p24, p12, and the putative protease, reverse transcriptase, and endonuclease. Based on this homology, the BLV-HTLV family of viruses appears about equally distantly related to murine and avian type-C viruses.
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PMID:The gag and pol genes of bovine leukemia virus: nucleotide sequence and analysis. 299 90

Polypeptides specific for feline leukemia virus (FeLV) have been identified in the media of cells that produce FeLV as well as in nonproducer cells transformed by feline sarcoma viruses (FeSV). Cat fibroblasts that were persistently infected with FELV release the major virus envelope glycoprotein, whereas cultured cat lymphoma cells shed both glycopeptides related to the virus core gene (gag) and glycopeptides related to the virus envelope gene (env). Mink cells and cat cells transformed by FeSV secrete polypeptides of a wide range of sizes that cross-react with the major virus core protein p27. Differences in the classes of p27-related proteins produced may be related to the strain of virus and the cell type. Cat cells transformed by FeSV release a glycopeptide that appears to be processed differently from those identified in the media of FeSV-transformed mink cells. The possibility that such FeLV-related secretory proteins may interfere with the immune response of the host is discussed.
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PMID:Feline leukemia virus-and feline sarcoma virus-related polypeptides released by virus producer and nonproducer cells. 300 64


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