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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A lymphoma cell line (MCC) was derived from an abdominal mass from a 13-yr-old castrated male cat. The cells resemble natural killer precursor cells, have membrane-bound granules, and are positive for chloroacetate esterase, alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activities. The MCC cells are negative for rearranged feline T-cell receptor genes, negative for feline T-cytotoxic antigen, Ia, and surface mu, tau, and lambda chains and do not form E-rosettes. The MCC cell line is negative for the feline leukemia virus (FeLV); e.g., negative for exogenous FeLV (exU3) sequences, negative for cytoplasmic and surface FeLV major core protein of 27,000 daltons (p27) by indirect immunofluorescence assay, negative for helper FeLV by clone 81 assay, and negative for release of soluble FeLV p27 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Electron microscopy reveals budding type C retrovirus particles and MCC cells react with anti-RD-114 (anti-endogenous feline retrovirus) reference serum. After in vitro infection, MCC replicate FeLV readily, but replication is noncytopathic.
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PMID:A feline large granular lymphoma and its derived cell line. 216 27

Hairy cell leukaemia is a form of leukaemia difficult to diagnose since pancytopenia is often present. Hairy cells contain tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, and this factor is utilised in the diagnosis of the condition. This study confirms that it is also possible to demonstrate tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in leukaemic infiltrates in formalin fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections.
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PMID:Enzyme histochemical demonstration of hairy cell leukaemia in paraffin-embedded tissue sections. 242 61

We have found a single 4p+ chromosomal abnormality, 46,XX, -4, +der(4)t(3;4)(q13.3;p16), in a patient with an unusual B cell leukemia of mature phenotype characterized by a high white cell count, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive malignant cells, splenic white pulp proliferation, and a serum IgM monoclonal gammopathy. The malignant cells were characterized by surface expression of CD19 (B4), CD20 (B1), IgM, IgD, kappa, and HLA-DR. They were weakly positive for CD21 (B2) and negative for CD25 (interleukin-2 receptor). The malignant cells also showed clonal rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy chain and kappa light chain genes. A cell line, designated HCLW-3B, was derived from unstimulated peripheral blood obtained during the leukemic phase and was found to contain the same 4p+ chromosomal abnormality as well as genomic sequences of the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen. A somatic cell hybrid constructed from HCLW-3B containing the derivative chromosome 4 was used to confirm that chromosome 3q was the source of the translocated material. The availability of a cell line which is clonally derived from the patient's circulating leukemia cells should permit further characterization of this translocation at the molecular level.
Leukemia 1989 Sep
PMID:Association of a mature B cell leukemia with a 4p+ chromosomal abnormality: derivation and characterization of a cell line. 254 46

We describe the case of a patient who developed hairy cell leukaemia (leukaemic reticuloendotheliosis) during phenytoin treatment. Hairy cells were identified by fluorescence, phase contrast and electron microscopy; they contained tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity, formed rosettes with mouse but not sheep erythrocytes and bore monoclonal surface immunoglobulin. Because of the association of pseudo- and true lymphomas with phenytoin it is possible that this lymphoproliferative disorder arose as a result of the treatment with phenytoin, possibly in conjunction with sulthiame.
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PMID:Hairy cell leukaemia occurring during phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin) treatment. 286 6

The human leukemia cell lines HL-60, KG-1, KLM-2, ML-3, THP-1, and U-937 were treated with the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA). TPA partially or completely inhibited the proliferative activity of the cell cultures. The number of cells with the ability to reduce nitroblue tetrazolium increased in the TPA-treated cell lines HL-60, ML-3, THP-1, and U-937, whereas the cell lines KG-1 and KLM-2 remained nitroblue tetrazolium negative. Except for KG-1 and KLM-2, all TPA-treated cell lines showed varying degrees of strong adherence to plastic surface. The carboxylic esterase, acid phosphatase, hexosaminidase, and lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme profiles from these cell lines were analyzed by isoelectric focusing on horizontal polyacrylamide gels. The new or stronger expression of an esterase isoenzyme which is specific for monocytes-macrophages was induced in HL-60, ML-3, THP-1, and U-937 but not in KG-1 or KLM-2. The new expression of the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoenzyme was induced in ML-3, THP-1, and U-937. The number of esterase and acid phosphatase isoenzymes and the staining intensity of isoenzymes characteristic for myeloid cells were increased by TPA in all cell lines. The loss of the hexosaminidase I isoenzyme which is a marker of immature hematopoietic cells was noted in KG-1, ML-3, THP-1, and U-937. TPA triggered an increase in number and staining intensity of the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in all cell lines. Some isoenzymatic changes (e.g., monocyte-specific esterase, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, hexosaminidase I) appear to correlate with TPA-induced differentiation while other alterations in the isoenzyme patterns do not (e.g., lactate dehydrogenase, other esterase and acid phosphatase isoenzymes). Differentiation of nonmonocytoid cells appears, at the isoenzyme level, to be quite different from that of the monocytoid cell lines.
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PMID:Changes in isoenzyme profiles during induction of differentiation in human myelomonocytic leukemia cell lines. 294

Ten cases in which leukemic cells contained numerous cytoplasmic granules were examined by using a panel of cytochemical reactions. The diagnoses in the 10 cases were mast cell leukemia, chronic basophilic leukemia, and acute myeloid leukemia with basophilic differentiation in one case each, acute promyelocytic leukemia in two cases, acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in two cases, and blastic hairy cell leukemia in three cases. The cytochemical panel consisted of peroxidase, toluidine blue, chloroacetate esterase, aminocaproate esterase, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, and immunoalkaline phosphatase for platelet/megakaryocyte-specific antigen. The unusual cytologic features of leukemic cells in cases similar to our 10 cases have caused considerable diagnostic difficulties. In our 10 cases, however, the effective use of cytochemical studies helped to achieve accurate identification of the various types of leukemic cells. We conclude that the intelligent application of cytochemical techniques continues to be useful for the accurate cytodiagnosis of hematopoietic neoplasms.
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PMID:Cytochemical characterization of leukemic cells with numerous cytoplasmic granules. 311 18

Cells from 3 patients with B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) and 1 with B-prolymphocytic leukaemia (B-PLL) were treated in vitro with the phorbol ester 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol (TPA), the calcium ionophore A23187, or a combination of TPA and A23187. TPA induced the cells to adhere to the culture flask or to clump in dense clusters; single cells became enlarged, often with cytoplasmic elongations. Cells treated with TPA plus A23187 acquired a plasmacytoid morphology and formed regular aggregates in culture. Only TPA alone induced the expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) as documented by isoelectric focusing on horizontal thin-layer gels. The TRAP isoenzyme was first detected after 24 h of TPA treatment; its intensity increased during further TPA exposure, being maximally expressed at 72/96 h. The results suggest that, while TPA triggers B-CLL cells to convert to hairy cell leukaemia (HCL)-type cells, the double stimulus which more closely imitates physiological activation initiates a 'normal' differentiation programme which leads to plasma cells.
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PMID:Expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in B-CLL treated with phorbol ester or phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore. 314 Dec 10

Hairy-cell leukemia is a unique lymphoproliferative disorder that has fascinated clinicians and researchers for nearly 3 decades. It can, in most cases, be diagnosed correctly on the basis of a bone marrow biopsy specimen, and the diagnosis is supported by the demonstration of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity in the leukemic cells. Nevertheless, as outlined, rare "variant" cases may pose diagnostic problems, and other lymphoproliferative disorders may have features that closely mimic those of HCL. In virtually all cases of HCL, the hairy cells are of B-cell lineage, representing a relatively mature B cell that is closely related to plasma cells. Treatment of HCL with splenectomy, IFN-alpha, or 2' deoxycorformycin has led to excellent responses in most cases. Much of the progress in our understanding of the nature of this rare leukemia has been made possible through the cooperation of community physicians with referral institutions, or groups of institutions, that are interested in studying HCL. Despite the remarkable advances in the treatment of this disorder over the last 5 years, and the ready availability of IFN-alpha, much remains to be learned regarding the biology of hairy cells, and further advances in therapy still must be made. The needed information can be obtained only through continued referral of patients to centers with expertise and an interest in HCL.
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PMID:Hairy-cell leukemia. Morphologic, cytochemical, and immunologic features. 328 58

The mononuclear peripheral blood cells from eight patients with chronic myelocytic leukaemia (CML) were incubated in cell suspension culture in the presence of the phorbolester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA). TPA caused the treated cells to adhere and to acquire morphological and functional features characteristic of macrophage-like cells. Using isoelectric focusing distinct changes in the isoenzyme profiles of carboxylic esterase, acid phosphatase, hexosaminidase and lactate dehydrogenase were detected in the TPA-exposed cells. Besides an increase in the number and staining intensity of isoenzymes of all enzymes, TPA triggered the new expression of a monocyte-specific esterase isoenzyme isoenzyme and of the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoenzyme. The latter two isoenzymes represent further parameters of the monocyte/macrophage complex. The results indicate that immature leukaemic cells arrested along the granulocytic cell axis retain the ability to transform to macrophages.
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PMID:Induction of differentiation in chronic myelocytic leukaemia cells by the phorbolester TPA. 346 54

Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) mononuclear cells were incubated with the phorbol ester TPA in an attempt to induce further maturation and were compared with B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, prolymphocytic leukemia, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells. Morphology, surface features, membrane markers, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, and Ig secretion were examined. HCL cells spread and adhered firmly after TPA, producing elongated filopodia. Cells still retained ribosomal lamellar complexes, and increased numbers of dense bodies were seen. TPA enhanced the adherent and phagocytic properties of HCL cells, producing a modest increase in the expression of membrane Ig, GP-70, and Leu-M5 markers, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, and Ig secretion. Other neoplastic B cells behaved differently, forming readily detachable clumps without elongated filopodia. Maturation to plasma cells and hairy cell features were readily evident in all cases. These differences in growth patterns were consistent and may be used to distinguish HCL from other B cell neoplasias.
Leukemia 1987 Apr
PMID:Phorbol esters and hairy cell leukemia: effects on cell morphology and surface membrane features and comparison with other B cell leukemias. 347 38


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