Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

With the aim to detect genotypically identical donors for patients suffering from some type of leukemia or aplastic anemia, HLA antigens and MLC reactivity were determined in 72 families, having together 209 children. HLA identical, MLC negative sibling donors were found for 31 patients, i.e. 43%. Compared to the healthy population, no significant differences were found in the frequency of HLA antigens and haplotypes in 58 leukemic patients. Two recombinations were recorded, one between the loci HLA-A and HLA-B, and the other one between HLA-B and HLA-D/DR. Only 9 persons (2.5%) homozygous for HLA-D antigens were found in the whole series of 353 subjects investigated.
 ...
PMID:[Possibilities of finding identical HLA donor-recipient pairs for bone marrow transplantation]. 214 57

HLA antigens and MLC reactivity were ascertained in 69 families, having altogether 198 children, with the aim to find genotypically identical donors for patients suffering from some type of leukemia or aplastic anemia. HLA identical, MLC negative sibling donors were found for 29 patients, i.e. 42.03%. In 55 leukemic patients the frequency of HLA antigens and haplotypes was calculated. No significant differences were found as compared to the healthy population. One recombination between HLA-A and HLA-B and one between HLA-B and HLA-D/DR loci were observed.
 ...
PMID:Occurrence rate of the HLA-identical pair donor-recipient for bone marrow transplantation. 214 19

A case of infantile acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL), which was probably transmitted from a pregnant woman with leukemia to her unborn infant, is presented. A woman had AMoL when her third infant was born. This infant, who was a boy, also suffered from AMoL when he was 20 months of age. The infant's leukemic cells had the same cytochemical and immunophenotypic patterns as the mother's leukemic cells. By cytogenetic analysis, the majority of the infant's leukemic marrow cells had the 46,XX karyotype and showed no Y body by quinacrine staining. Moreover, the phenotype for human major histocompatibility system, HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR of the infant's leukemic cells was consistent with that of the mother's lymphocytes. Thus, the infant's leukemic clone was found to be identical to the mother's leukemic clone. His lymphocytes could not react with the mother's leukemic cells or his own leukemic cells in mixed lymphocyte culture, suggesting that the HLA homozygosity of the mother may have played a role in inducing immunologic tolerance to the immigrated leukemic cells in the infant. This is the first report of an infantile leukemia transmitted from a mother with leukemia, supposedly through the placenta.
 ...
PMID:A case of infantile acute monocytic leukemia caused by vertical transmission of the mother's leukemic cells. 240 8

A 27-fold increase in 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity, an enzyme associated with the antiproliferative actions of interferon (IFN), was observed after treatment of HL-60 human leukemia cells with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), an inducer of granulocytic differentiation of the cells. Enzyme activity was elevated after 24 h of exposure to DMSO, was maximal at 48 hours, and declined thereafter. A comparable increase was observed after treatment with 1 U of alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) per ml or 8 U of beta interferon (IFN-beta) per ml. Elevated levels of expression of other IFN-inducible genes, including type I histocompatibility antigen (HLA-B) mRNA and 2',5'-oligoadenylate phosphodiesterase activity, were also observed with DMSO treatment. DMSO-treated HL-60 cells had an increased amount of a 1.8-kilobase mRNA for oligoadenylate [oligo(A)] synthetase when compared with that of control cells; both DMSO- and IFN-treated HL-60 cells also expressed 1.6-, 3.4-, and 4.3-kilobase mRNA. The increase in both oligo(A) synthetase activity and mRNA levels was inhibited by polyclonal antiserum to human IFN-alpha; however, no IFN-alpha mRNA could be detected in the cells. Antiserum to IFN-beta or gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) had no effect on oligo(A) synthetase expression or activity nor was there any detectable IFN-beta 1 or IFN-beta 2 mRNA in the cells. The anti-IFN-alpha serum did not block the elevation of HLA-B mRNA in DMSO-treated cells. These observations suggest that the increased expression of oligo(A) synthetase in DMSO-treated cells may be mediated by the release of an IFN-alpha-like factor; however, the levels of any IFN-alpha mRNA produced in the cells were extremely low.
 ...
PMID:Activation of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity on induction of HL-60 leukemia cell differentiation. 247 65

Within the 3' end of nucleotide sequence of human adult T-cell leukaemia virus (ATLV) four small open frames in various phases were found previously. The frames code for 10,000-, 11,000-, 12,000- and 27,000-dalton polypeptides, one of which can be responsible for virus transforming activity. By means of methods of prediction of secondary structure from amino acid composition and sequence, the beta-pleated structure was shown to be the main conformation of the 27,000-dalton polypeptide (pX27 ATLV). As a result of fitting of beta-pleats and cysteines in the N- and C-terminal parts of pX27 ATLV to those of C gamma 2 and C gamma 3 domains of human immunoglobulins G (HuIgG) and of immunoglobulin-like domains of human major histocompatibility antigens (HLA-B, -DR, -DQ), a statistically valid homology was observed by comparing the C-terminal part of pX27 ATLV with the immunoglobulin-like domain of HLA-DQw1 antigen.
 ...
PMID:Human adult T-cell leukaemia virus (ATLV) genome codes for the protein pX27 structurally homologous to immunoglobulin-like part of HLA-DQ antigen. 303 70

Spontaneous mutants with altered HLA-A,B,C response to interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) were isolated from the human thymus leukemia cell line Molt 4. Using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated W6/32 (a monoclonal antibody to HLA-A,B,C) and the fluorescence-activated cell sorter, the cells with highest and lowest fluorescence after 24-48 h of IFN-alpha treatment were selected and expanded. After several cycles of selection, mutant clones with low (greater than 10% of wild-type) and high (three times better) response were obtained. A similar protocol was employed to derive high responder mutants with the monoclonal antibody YT76, which recognises a subset of HLA strongly induced by IFN-alpha. Stable clones were derived for which YT-HLA induction was 7-fold that of Molt 4 cells and for which HLA induction occurred at 100-fold lower concentrations of IFN-alpha. The high response phenotype of the mutants was not accompanied by a significant increase in the constitutive level of expression of HLA-A,B,C (in the absence of IFN). The increase in the level of HLA-A,B,C expression after IFN-alpha treatment is mostly accounted for by the increase in the expression of a subset of HLA molecules, detected by the monoclonal antibody YT76 including HLA-B molecules.
 ...
PMID:Stimulation of HLA-A,B,C by IFN-alpha. The derivation of Molt 4 variants and the differential expression of HLA-A,B,C subsets. 386 39

A murine monoclonal antibody (TU 110) prepared against blast cells of a patient with acute "undifferentiated" leukemia was tested in the microcytotoxicity assay on peripheral blood lymphocytes of 122 normal Caucasian donors. The TU 110 reactivity was found to show a correlation coefficient of 1.0 in population analysis for the presence of the HLA-B locus specificity B 13 as defined by alloantisera. Family segregation studies confirmed MHC linked inheritance of the TU 110 antigenic determinant strictly on HLA-B 13 positive haplotypes. As the first monoclonal reagent against the private specificity of this HLA-B locus antigen, TU 110 provides the possibility to study the structural relationships of sub- and supertypic determinants on this allotype and may help to correlate antigenic domains of HLA-B 13 with definable functional properties.
 ...
PMID:A cytotoxic monoclonal antibody specific for the private alloantigenic determinant of the HLA-B 13 molecule. 619 88

In this chapter, we have considered the theoretical and practical background of bone marrow transplantation. The immune response and its regulation by genes within the major histocompatibility complex, particularly of the I region of the mouse and of the HLA-D/DR region in man, is of central importance in both graft acceptance (rejection) and graft-versus-host disease. Methods which are available for typing alleles at the HLA-A, -C, -B, -DR and complotype (BF, C2, C4A, C4B) loci, have been considered in detail. The extent to which recombination affects specific alleles on haplotypes within families is discussed, as is the occurrence of linkage disequilibrium and extended haplotypes in populations of unrelated individuals. Because the HLA-DR and complotype region in man is thought to be critical for the success of bone marrow transplantation, methods for typing of HLA-D by both the HTC and PLT approaches have been examined. Although HLA-D/DR assignments are easily made in normal subjects, they are ambiguous in about 50 per cent of candidates for bone marrow transplantation, including, particularly, patients with aplastic anaemia, leukaemia, and severe combined immunodeficiency. In this setting, it is particularly important to obtain additional information by modification of HLA-D typing procedures and through complotype and GLO allele determinations in all family members. Finally, we can hope that there will be an increased possibility of using non-family donors through methods for removing cytotoxic T cells from donor marrow and through the identification, in the general population, of individuals who are genotypically similar or identical to the recipient. In this regard, the recognition that some 30 per cent of chromosome 6 in caucasians (50 per cent of individuals) bear extended haplotypes, which include a relatively fixed set of alleles particularly in the HLA-B, -DR, complotype and GLO regions, offers considerable promise.
 ...
PMID:The MHC in human bone marrow allotransplantation. 622 38

Human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus (HTLV) can be identified in fresh and cultured T-lymphocytes from patients with adult T-cell malignancies. HLA typing of the peripheral blood lymphocytes and cultured cell lines from the patient from which the virus was originally isolated suggested the expression of additional HLA-A and -B locus antigens on the HTLV positive cultured T-cells that were not present on the EBV transformed B-cell line or on the peripheral blood lymphocytes. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and T-cell lines established from patients and cord blood lymphocytes, infected with virus by co-culture with T-cell lines, were typed for HLA antigens with alloantisera and in addition tested for reactivity with a monoclonal antibody (4D12) which recognizes a polymorphic HLA class-I antigen. In all HTLV positive cells, with demonstrable provirus replication, altered HLA alloantigen expression was observed. This may be explained by the observations reported in the accompanying paper which shows homology between the envelope gene region of HTLV and the region of an HLA-B locus gene which codes for the extracellular portion of a class I histocompatibility antigen.
 ...
PMID:Cell lines producing human T-cell lymphoma virus show altered HLA expression. 688 49

Human T-cell leukaemia virus (HTLV), first isolated in the United States from a patient with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, is a unique horizontally transmitted retrovirus which is highly associated with certain adult T-cell malignancies. Also, HTLV can be transmitted in vitro to cord blood T-lymphocytes. In the accompanying paper it was shown that all T cells producing HTLV, whether cultured from infected persons or infected in vitro, bind a monoclonal antibody (4D12) which recognizes an epitope shared by certain cross-reactive class I major histocompatibility antigens. This antigen may account for the extra HLA-A and -B specificities detected in HTLV-infected cells using alloantisera. Because of the unusual findings of apparently inappropriate HLA antigens in HTLV infected cells, we had previously looked for rearrangement of class I-related genes in HTLV infected cells but failed to find any. Here, using molecular clones of HTLV and human major histocompatibility antigen DNA, we have shown homology between the envelope gene region of HTLV and the region of an HLA-B locus gene which codes for the extracellular portion of a class I histocompatibility antigen.
 ...
PMID:Homology of human T-cell leukaemia virus envelope gene with class I HLA gene. 688 50


1 2 3 4 5 Next >>