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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seventeen patients with aplastic anemia or acute leukemia received transplants from donors who had major ABO incompatibilities. Antibody titers were decreased by plasma and whole blood exchanges prior to marrow infusion. All 17 patients were successfully engrafted, and there was one possible rejection in the patient with the highest pretransplant anti-A IgG titer. Nine of 17 patients are currently alive. A review was carried out of transplants performed in Seattle between HLA-matched siblings with aplastic anemia and leukemia. Two hundred forty-six evaluable patients with ABO-compatible donors were compared with 46 with minor ABO-incompatible donors. There was no effect of minor ABO incompatibility on graft rejection, incidence and severity of graft-versus-host disease, or survival.
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PMID:ABO-incompatible marrow transplants. 3 Jan 94

By use of the continuous-flow blood-cell separator 137 bags of granulocyte-rich plasma were obtained from normal donors (59 bags) and patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia (C.G.L.) (78 bags). Eighty-nine courses of granulocyte transfusion therapy consisting of 1 or more such bags were administered to forty-one ABO-compatible patients with acute leukaemia or aplastic anaemia, who had definite or probable infections that had failed to respond to antibiotics. The fever resolved after 67% of courses of transfusions of two or more bags but after only 24% of transfusions of single bags of granulocytes (p less than 0-01), and this result suggests that this form of treatment is in general effective. Granulocytes from C.G.L. and normal donors were equally effective, although transfusion reactions were commoner after C.G.L. cells (33% versus 12%, respectively, p less than 0-05). C.G.L. grafts, and probable graft-versus-host disease, occurred in three recipients of unirradiated C.G.L. cells. Recipients of normal cells whose fevers resolved received on average four times as many granulocytes per sq.m. as those fevers did not respond. No such difference was found when C.G.L. cells were used. The fever was more likely to resolve in recipients with established or clinically probable bacterial or fungal infections than in those with fever of uncertain cause. Fever was less likely to resolve in recipients with peripheral blood granulocyte counts before transfusion of greater than 1000 per mul. It is concluded that granulocyte transfusion therapy is a valuable advance in the management of infections in neutropenic patients.
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PMID:Granulocyte transfusions in treatment of infections in patients with acute leukaemia and aplastic anaemia. 4 10

In a prospective, controlled, randomized study to evaluate the efficacy of filtration-leukapheresis granulocytes in granulocytopenic, febrile patients with leukemia, 19 patients received antibiotics alone, and 12 received antibiotics plus daily granulocyte transfusions from ABO-matched donors. In skin-chamber studies the granulocytes appeared at sites of inflammation for at least six hours after transfusion. Infected subjects survived longer if they received granulocytes. Differences between control and transfused patients were greatest in patients with persistent bone-marrow failure, the 21-day survival being 20 per cent in controls, and 75 per cent in transfused patients. Granulocytes appeared to have no effect on the outcome of febrile episodes in which infection was not documented, the 21-day survival being 79 per cent for controls and 88 per cent for transfused patients. The transfusion of granulocytes thus appears to offer a survival advantage to infected, persistently granulocytopenic patients.
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PMID:A randomized clinical trial of granulocyte transfusions for infection in acute leukemia. 32 Apr 77

Human red blood cells can bind to human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The percentage of these rosette-forming cells (TEh) depends on various conditions including temperature and the use of selected foetal calf serum. It is improved by toluidine blue. Prior incubation at 37 degrees C is not necessary. ABO and rhesus antigen D have no influence on rosette formation. Analysis of human rosettes in T and B cell rich populations, in patients with chronic lymphatic leukaemia or T cell lymphoma provides further evidence that human autologous and allogeneic rosette-forming cells belong to a T cell subpopulation.
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PMID:Human autologous and allogeneic rosettes. 40 38

Correlation between some histocompatible antigens and leukemia has been described both in men and in experimental animals. In 1970 Walford found an exceptionally high association between the illness and antigens of the HLA system in children with acute leukemia who had long life duration. It is therefore supposed that these antigens should not be associated with predispositional factors of the illness, instead, they are more likely to have influence over the course of the illness itself. Consequently, the authors have examined 15 children of various age who had acute leukemia. All children were examined for all antigens of the first and second HLA system, as well as for ABO and Rh genotype. The patients' blood was also checked for existence of cytotoxic antigens. Frequency of certain antigens and haplotypes was found in both children and their parents so that a comparison with antigen and haplotype frequency was also made.
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PMID:[Analysis the incidence of HL-A-system antigen incidence in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia]. 41 81

A total of 393 platelet transfusions, administered on the pediatric service at the M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute between March, 1973, to December, 1974, were reviewed. Of these 64 were administered on indications of hemorrhage or surgery, while 324 were administered prophylactically. In only 33% was an adequate platelet rise seen, and in only 40% of those bleeding was the bleeding controlled. The primary factor precluding the success was the number of previously administered platelet transfusions. Infection, the use of random or single donors, and ABO matching had no effect on the outcome, but this was not accentuated in the bleeding patients. Surprisingly, transfusions in patients with leukemia resulted in greater success than transfusions in patients with solid tumors. The lower the platelet count prior to transfusion, the less likely the transfusion was to be successful.
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PMID:Platelet use in pediatric oncology: a review of 393 transfusions. 64 37

Using immunoelectron microscopy, the distribution of the H antigen sites on human erythrocytes was observed in 40 samples of adult, newborn and fetal blood of different ABO phenotypes. The attached ferritin particles indicating the H antigen sites conspicuously varied in number from cell to cell in every specimen. The number of H antigen sites per single red cell was estimated on an average for each sample as follows: O, 3 X 10(5); B, 2 X 10(5); A1, 1.5 X 10(5); A1B, 10(5); A2B, 1.5 X 10(5); Ax, 2.5 X 10(5); AxB, 10(5); Bm, 4 X 10(5); Bw(leukemia), 4 X 10(5); O(newborn), 2.5 X 10(5); B(newborn), 3 X 10(5); A1(newborn), 1.5 X 10(5); A1B(newborn), 2 X 10(5); A1B(fetus), 10(5). The cells in each sample were divided into six cell-populatons according to the number of H antigen sites present. The ratios of distribution of such cell populations are compared for all samples.
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PMID:Electron microscopic observations on the H antigen sites of human erythrocytes using ferritin antibody conjugates. 100 54

A D-galactose-specific agglutinin, named sinularian, has been isolated from the soft coral Sinularia sp. by affinity chromatography on acid-treated Sepharose 4B and by gel filtration on HPLC. Sinularian was a glycoprotein containing 11% sugar. It gave a single band corresponding to 78 kDa in SDS-PAGE, irrespective of a treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol. Sinularian agglutinated rabbit erythrocytes and murine leukemia cells but not sheep or human ABO erythrocytes. Its hemagglutinating activity was Ca(++)-independent. Sinularian promoted binding of macrophages to tumor cells.
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PMID:Purification and characterization of an agglutinin of the soft coral Sinularia species. 135 64

A patient developed pure red cell aplasia after ABO incompatible BMT for leukemia. He did not respond to plasma exchange. Antilymphocyte globulin therapy was followed by complete and permanent erythroid recovery with disappearance of recipient-derived isoagglutinins.
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PMID:Antilymphocyte globulin for treatment of pure red cell aplasia after major ABO incompatible marrow transplant. 146 14

Recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEpo) was given i.v. at a dose of 50 U/kg/tid to eight patients undergoing an HLA-matched, ABO-compatible bone marrow transplantation (BMT), from day +1 up to day +30. Compared to the data recorded in 13 similar BMT patients who had not received the hormone, the administration of rhEpo resulted in a faster erythroid engraftment: in fact, the time required to reach a stable hematocrit value greater than or equal to 35% decreased from 123.0 to 58.0 days after BMT. Moreover, the number of blood reticulocytes on day +21 was about fourfold greater in the rhEpo group than in the controls, while the number of the most immature, high RNA content reticulocytes (HFR), as determined by a flow cytometric technique, was more than sixfold greater; finally, the recovery time of both total and HFR reticulocytes was significantly reduced by rhEpo. The stimulation of erythroid progenitors also resulted in a reduction in red blood cell (RBC) transfusion requirements: the number of RBC units delivered in the first 30 days following BMT decreased from 8.1 in the controls to 4.0, while the total number of RBC units before transfusion independence was about threefold lower than in the control. Finally, the time of transfusion dependence was significantly shortened by rhEpo. No clinically significant adverse effect directly attributable to rhEpo was recorded. These data suggest that the administration of rhEpo may be beneficial in hastening erythroid engraftment, and possibly in reducing RBC transfusion requirements following BMT.
Leukemia 1992 Mar
PMID:Stimulation of erythroid engraftment by recombinant human erythropoietin in ABO-compatible, HLA-identical, allogeneic bone marrow transplant patients. 156 59


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