Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Suppressor cells from syngeneic P815 mastocytoma-bearing DBA/2 mice that inhibit in vitro generation of specific anti-tumor cytotoxicity were characterized. Suppressive activity was almost completely eliminated by treating suppressive spleen cells with anti-theta serum and complement. Treatment with anti-mouse lg serum and complement or with carbonyl iron did not affect their suppressive activity. When suppressive thymocytes from P815 tumor-bearing DBA/2 mice were tested for their capacity to inhibit the generation of cytotoxicity against L1210 cells, a leukemia line in DBa/2 mice, they did not affect the activity, indicating that the supressor cells in the thymocytes of P815 tumor-bearing mice are specific to the tumor. When Ficoll-Hypaque density cell separation was carried out with cytotoxic spleen cells and suppressive spleen cells from 815 tumor-bearing mice, the dense fraction was enriched for kiler cells whereas the suppressive activitty was mainly recovered in the light fraction. Therefore, killer cells and suppressor cells in P815 tumor-bearing mice are thought to be distinct populations.
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PMID:Characterization of suppressor cells in mice bearing syngeneic mastocytoma. 6 23

An increase in the serum copper (Cu++) level has been described as a sensitive index of disease activity in several hematologic and nonhematologic malignancies. In order to explore the diagnostic value of Cu++ compared to other hematochemical parameters frequently abnormal in malignancies, Cu++, serum alpha2 globulin (alpha2), plasmatic fibrinogen (Fibr), the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and serum iron (Fe++) have been detected and evaluated in 267 patients affected with the following diseases: Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas (NHL), Acute Leukemias (AL), Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), Myeloma (MM), and Breast Cancer (BC). The best correlation between Cu++ increase and disease activity has been found in HL, NHL, AL, and BC. In these diseases, when the considered parameters were compared, Cu++ and ESR showed a similar pattern, i.e., a high frequency of abnormalities in active disease. It is concluded that Cu++ represents a good complement to some other aspecific parameters in evaluating the activity and diffusion of neoplasias and the therapeutic results, particularly in HL, NHL, AL and BC.
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PMID:The diagnostic value of serum copper levels and other hematochemical parameters in malignancies. 7 79

Complex carbohydrate in granules of monocytes was compared with that in granules of neutrophils by ultrastructural cytochemical methods. The acid mucosubstance in granules of both cell types stained with dialysed iron after brief fixation with dilute glutaraldehyde, but that in monocyte granules differed in failing to stain after stronger fixation. Approximately 10% granules in normal blood monocytes stained with this method, whereas more than 90% of granules in leukaemic monocytes from two of seven patients with acute myelomonocytic leukaemia stained intensely. This difference presumably results from unmasking of acid groups in immature granules or increased synthesis of granule mucosubstance in some leukaemic monocytes. Granules of monocytes differed further from those of neutrophils in failing after either type of fixation to stain with a high iron diamine technique for for demonstration of sulphated mucosubstance. The absence of high iron diamine staining could reflect a lack of sulphate esters in monocyte granule mucosubstance, masking of the sulphate groups by other components, or extraction of the sulphated mucosubstance during specimen processing.
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PMID:Ultrastructural identification of acid complex carbohydrate in cytoplasmic granules of normal and leukaemic human monocytes. 14 56

The blood, spleen and liver of mice were examined by means of electron spin resonance (e.s.r.), throughout the course of myeloid leukaemia induced by intravenous injection of leukaemic spleen cells. In blood, marked increases in the concentrations of iron transferrin and ceruloplasmin occurred within the first 3 days after injection. In the spleen, changes in the concentrations of paramagnetic copper and iron complexes were detectable by about the 5th day, before any measurable splenic enlargement, whilst in the liver changes were detectable by about the 8th day. The changes occurring in blood, spleen and liver during the development of leukaemia appear to be related and they are discussed in terms of iron transport.
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PMID:Electron spin resonance study of changes during the development of a mouse myeloid leukaemia. I. Paramagnetic metal ions. 16 66

Murine lymphoid cells were infected in vitro with WN 1802 B, a naturally occurring murine leukemia virus isolated from the spleen of an 18-month-old BALB/c mouse. Normal spleen and bone marrow cells were more susceptible to infection than were cells prepared from thymus and lymph node. Spleen cells from athymic nu/nu mice also could be readily infected with virus. Permissive cells did not ingest iron readily infected with virus. Permissive cells did not ingest iron filings and did not adhere to plastic. Exogenous replication of murine leukemia virus was enhanced in spleen and lymph node cells treated with lipopolysaccharide, a bone marrow-derived lymphocyte mitogen. Conversely, cells treated with the thymus-derived lymphocyte cell mitogens, phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A, were less capable of supporting murine leukemia virus replication. These studies suggest that the natural host for WN 1802 B is the bone marrow-derived lymphocyte.
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PMID:Replication of murine leukemia virus in bone marrow-derived lymphocytes. 18 25

The blood, spleen and liver of RFM/Un mice were examined by means of electron spin resonance (ESR) throughout the course of myeloid leukaemia induced by i.v. injection of leukaemic spleen cells. Marked changes in the concentration of iron transferrin and caeruloplasmin were observed in the blood 1 day after injection. As the disease progressed, changes occurred in the concentrations of the ascorbyl radical and of paramagnetic metal complexes in both spleen and liver. These changes are compared with those induced in RF/J mice injected with normal and leukaemic spleen cells from RFM/Un mice.
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PMID:ESR study of development of RFM/Un murine myeloid leukaemia. 21 81

Using a method involving elution of hemoglobin bands from cellulose acetate strips following electrophoresis of hemolysates, hemoglobin A2 (Ab A2) was quantitated in bloods from 300 healthy individuals and 904 patients. The percentage of Hb A2 was elevated in beta-thalassemia heterozygotes and some patients who had megaloblastic anemia. In the latter, the highest Hb A2 levels were observed in patients with the most severe anemia. Low Hb A2 percentages were found in iron-deficiency anemia, hereditary persistance of fetal hemoglobin, and Hb H disease. In iron-deficiency anemia, the lowest levels of Hb A2 were observed in association with the most severe anemia. Iron and folate deficiency each suppressed Hb A2 levels in beta-thalassemia heterozygotes; however, vitamin B12 deficiency did not alter the percentage of Hb A2 in thalassemia. Malignant tumors, renal and hepatic insufficiency, chronic infections and inflammation, hemolytic disease, lead poisoning, aplastic anemia, leukemia, myelofibrosis, and hypothyroidism did not change Hb A2 levels. The pathogenesis of altered Hb A2 levels and their clinical significance in various diseases are discussed.
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PMID:Hemoglobin A2 levels in health and various hematologic disorders. 26 35

Serum iron level (SIL) was studied by atomicabs orption spectrophotometry in 57 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. SIL depended on the activity of the disease. Mean SIL was highest in untreated children. Normalization of myelograms during treatment was accompanied by a decrease of SIL. A significant decrease was observed in organ localizations and in infections during remission of the leukaemia. SIL may be helpful as an auxiliary test in the management of leukaemic children.
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PMID:Serum iron level in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. 28 Jan 22

In 57 children in remissions of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia 217 determinations of serum iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) levels were done. In 85% of cases serum Fe and Cu were determined simultaneously with bone marrow examination. Raised mean Cu level in complete remission (20.64 mumol/1) decreased with continuing remission to values observed in healthy children (18.40 mumol/1). The considerable rise in Cu serum level in cases with extramedullary location of the disease (26.04 mumol/1), in infections complicating remissions (23.32 mumol/1) and in the group of children with remission in whom recurrence of leukaemia developed after 0,5-2 months (26,84 mumol/1) was associated with a significant fall of serum Fe level in cases with organ location of the disease (12.82 mumol/1) and during bacterial and viral infections (12.67 mumol/1). The Fe/Cu index was highest in the group with remission extending over 3 years (0,89) and it was significantly low in the group with extramedullary location of the disease (0.45) and in infections during leukaemia remission (0.48). Determination of serum level of Fe, and even more of Cu was found to be useful in the management of children during remission of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
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PMID:[Iron, copper and iron/copper index in the serum during remission of acute leukemia in children]. 28 Oct 85

The initial clinical and laboratory data of 25 patients with acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anemia (AISA) were analyzed. Criteria for accepting the diagnosis were hyperferremia, ringed marrow sideroblasts, ineffective erythropoiesis, and exclusion of associated hematologic disorders. The findings of a mean age at onset of 70 years, increased mean corpuscular volume, relative neutropenia; and occasional splenomegaly at diagnosis corresponded with previous reports. During the followup for a median period of 32 months, 6 patients (25%) transformed to acute myelogenous or myelomonocytic leukemia after widely variable intervals. The initial data base of these patients was compared to that of the remaining 19 patients in order to isolate predictive features. Only a lesser degree of hyperferremia (P less than 0.001) made the group going on to leukemia distinctive. The median survival of these patients was 20 months. The median survival of 19 patients not developing leukemia was 72 months for males and 42 months for females. Hemochromatosis was diagnosed in four patients and was a primary or associated cause of death in three. Analysis of the transfusion history suggested that intrinsic iron leading was a major factor in these patients. We conclude that leukemic transformation in AISA is a common, poorly predictable event which required lengthy followup for detection. Hemochromatosis in AISA occurs frequently and shortens the median survival.
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PMID:Leukemia in patients with acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anemia: an evaluation of prognostic indicators. 29 23


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