Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 16 year-old boy was admitted to our hospital in April 1985, because of bilateral submandibular swellings. Hematological examination revealed Hb was 7.3 g/dl, WBC was 89,000/microliters (76% blast), and platelet was 154,000/microliters. His bone marrow was hypercellular and consisted with 91% blasts. Myeloperoxidase staining was positive for 38% of blasts. Auer rods were seen in some of blasts. Thus, the diagnosis was M1 according to FAB classification. Cytogenetic studies of 20 marrow cells were performed and all cells had 46, XY, -1, -7, 3q-, 7q-, 17q+, +2mar. Eighty five percent of blasts expressed HLA-DR and 43% of blasts expressed CD2 and CD13 simultaneously. Thus, this leukemia was considered as the hybrid type of acute mixed leukemia by surface marker analysis. DBMP-85 regimen, the chemotherapy for AML, was started after admission and complete remission (CR) was attained in June 1985. After 4 courses of post remission chemotherapy, he discharged in December 1985 and was followed at our outpatient clinic without chemotherapy. His disease was relapsed in June 1986, and the combination chemotherapy with mitoxantrone, etoposide and Ara-C was applied to him but failed to attain CR. Then, LVP protocol, the chemotherapy for ALL, was started and CR was achieved. The blasts at relapse had morphologically myeloid features, and expressed HLA-DR, CD2 and CD13 as well as at diagnosis. Cytogenetic studies at relapse showed some karyotype except gaining 12p- anomaly. Therefore, same blasts were considered to emerge at relapse. Our case suggests that LVP therapy may be effective for AML expressing myeloid and lymphoid surface markers.
 ...
PMID:[DBMP-85 was effective at diagnosis and LVP was effective at relapse in a case of acute mixed leukemia]. 236 35

Three cases of pulmonary atypical mycobacteriosis (AM) were reported. Two cases were associated with lung cancer in which the diagnosis of malignancy was difficult and delayed by the coexistence of AM. The third was a case of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) which manifested during the course of AM. In case 1 (73 years, male) and case 2 (86 years, male), chest roentgenogram abnormalities as well as clinical symptoms were considered to be caused by mycobacteriosis because of positive smear of acid-fast bacilli in sputa on admission. Therefore it took four months and three months respectively for final diagnosis of lung cancer. The autopsy of case 1 revealed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with coexisting foci of squamous cell carcinoma in right lower lung, and granulomatous inflammations with caseating necroses in right mid and lower lungs. M. avium complex was cultured from sputum on admission, and also a high titer of HTLV-I antibody was demonstrated. In case 2 malignant cells were detected in sputa (class V), however his general condition did not allow an aggressive anticancer chemotherapy and he died of malignancy with complication of thromboangiitis obliterans on right lower leg. Case 3 was a 76-year-old male who had been diagnosed as lung AM for more than two years. His chest radiography showed bilateral infiltrative shadows with frequent positive cultures of M. avium complex (more than 100 colonies) from sputum. A generalized lymphadenopathy including right hilar lymph node on chest X-ray film was followed by the presence of atypical lymphocytes in peripheral blood and the elevation of HTLV-I antibody in serum. Four months later he died with hypercalcemia and renal failure in spite of chemotherapy (CPM + VCR + ADR + PLS). The above cases suggest that AM as well as tuberculosis should be considered when pulmonary infiltrates were observed in malignant patients, especially in patients with retrovirus infections.
 ...
PMID:[Three cases of pulmonary atypical mycobacteriosis associated with lung cancer and adult T-cell leukemia]. 237 33

A 28-year-old man presented with painful progressive necrosis of the skin of his left leg which was associated with general toxicity and a high fever. A working diagnosis of necrotizing arachnidism was made, but no improvement followed two weeks of therapy with analgesics, antibiotics and antihistamines. His symptoms responded rapidly to prednisolone therapy, and a diagnosis of pyoderma gangrenosum was confirmed by biopsy. This subsequently proved to be associated with early acute myelomonocytic leukaemia.
 ...
PMID:Inappropriate diagnosis of necrotizing arachnidism. Watch out Miss Muffet--but don't get paranoid. 227 77

Retroviral nucleocapsid proteins contain one or two proposed metal-binding sequences of the form Cys-Xaa2-Cys-Xaa4-His-Xaa4-Cys. Previously, we reported that an 18-amino acid peptide derived from the nucleocapsid protein of Rauscher murine leukemia virus (RMLV) binds metals such as Co2+ and Zn2+. We have now synthesized the entire nucleocapsid protein from RMLV. We report here that the protein also binds Co2+ and Zn2+ and does so with a higher affinity than does the peptide. Limited proteolysis and circular dichroism studies reveal that metal binding induces folding of the metal-binding domain and, perhaps, the regions adjacent to it but the remainder of the protein remains in a relatively unstructured state. In addition, we have synthesized sequence variants of the metal-binding domain that correspond to viral mutations reported in the literature. In many cases, the metal-binding properties of these peptides correlate with the observed biological activity, providing further evidence for the importance of metal binding to nucleocapsid function.
 ...
PMID:Retroviral nucleocapsid protein-metal ion interactions: folding and sequence variants. 238 99

Acivicin is an investigational amino acid antitumor antibiotic currently being evaluated in Phase II clinical trials. In humans acivicin causes reversible, dose-limiting central nervous system (CNS) effects including somnolence, ataxia, personality changes, and hallucinations. We have observed and reported previously that acivicin-treated cats exhibit symptoms (ataxia, sedation, somnolence) resembling CNS toxicity reported in humans. We hypothesized that if acivicin uptake into brain were mediated by a saturable transport system common to endogenous amino acids, drug uptake and CNS toxicity might be blocked by elevation of normal amino acid concentrations in circulating plasma. To test this hypothesis, cats received constant-rate i.v. infusions of either saline or Aminosyn, 10% (a commercially available mixture of 16 amino acids not containing glutamine, glutamate, aspartate, or cysteine) for 4 h prior to and 18 h subsequent to administration of acivicin at a dose producing marked behavioral changes in control cats. Presence or absence of ataxia and sedation were noted at intervals after acivicin treatment. Results showed that Aminosyn infusion prevented CNS symptoms in six of eight cats. Subsequent experiments showed that acivicin levels in brain tissue of Aminosyn-treated cats were 13% of the drug levels in saline-infused cats. Acivicin levels in most peripheral tissues were also decreased significantly by Aminosyn infusion but not to the extent observed in brain. Decreased brain uptake was shown to be due to a combination of amino acid blockade of drug transport into that organ and of increased total body clearance of drug. Concomitant Aminosyn treatment did not alter the efficacy of acivicin in mice bearing L1210 leukemia or MX-1 human mammary carcinoma. Further studies demonstrated that a solution containing only four large neutral amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, and valine) could also protect cats from acivicin-induced CNS toxicity, apparently without increasing acivicin total body clearance. However, a mixture of several other amino acids contained in Aminosyn (alanine, arginine, tyrosine, histidine, proline, serine, and glycine) failed to prevent CNS toxicity. We conclude that cotreatment with Aminosyn or a mixture of large neutral amino acids could protect cancer patients from acivicin-induced CNS toxicity without ablating antitumor efficacy.
 ...
PMID:Prevention of central nervous system toxicity of the antitumor antibiotic acivicin by concomitant infusion of an amino acid mixture. 238 52

A case of infantile acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL), which was probably transmitted from a pregnant woman with leukemia to her unborn infant, is presented. A woman had AMoL when her third infant was born. This infant, who was a boy, also suffered from AMoL when he was 20 months of age. The infant's leukemic cells had the same cytochemical and immunophenotypic patterns as the mother's leukemic cells. By cytogenetic analysis, the majority of the infant's leukemic marrow cells had the 46,XX karyotype and showed no Y body by quinacrine staining. Moreover, the phenotype for human major histocompatibility system, HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR of the infant's leukemic cells was consistent with that of the mother's lymphocytes. Thus, the infant's leukemic clone was found to be identical to the mother's leukemic clone. His lymphocytes could not react with the mother's leukemic cells or his own leukemic cells in mixed lymphocyte culture, suggesting that the HLA homozygosity of the mother may have played a role in inducing immunologic tolerance to the immigrated leukemic cells in the infant. This is the first report of an infantile leukemia transmitted from a mother with leukemia, supposedly through the placenta.
 ...
PMID:A case of infantile acute monocytic leukemia caused by vertical transmission of the mother's leukemic cells. 240 8

The NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of Moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase was determined to be Thr-Leu-Asn-Ile-Glu-Asp-Glu-Tyr-Arg-Leu-His-Glu-. The comparison of the amino acid analysis data obtained after carboxypeptidase Y digestion with the published nucleotide sequence (T. M. Shinnick, R. A. Lerner, and J. G. Sutcliffe, Nature (London) 293, 543-548, 1981) led to the conclusion that the COOH-terminus is Leu coded by CTC in nucleotide positions 4608-4610, and the tentative COOH-terminal sequence is Pro-Asp-Thr-Ser-Thr-Leu-Leu-OH. In light of these and previously reported results the complexity and map order of the pol gene are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Amino- and carboxyl-terminal sequence of Moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase. 241 14

We have cloned several prototypic members of the family of human endogenous retroviruslike elements having a histidine tRNA primer-binding site (RTVL-H) and have determined the nucleotide sequence of one of these clones (RTVL-H2). The RTVL-H2 sequence is 5,813 nucleotides long, with long terminal repeats of 450 nucleotides. Although this particular sequence contains no long open reading frames, computer searches have revealed several segments of amino acid homology with known retroviral gene products. In the gag region of RTVL-H2, there is a segment with significant homology to a region of the gag protein p30 of type C baboon endogenous virus. In the pol region of RTVL-H2, three segments similar to the Moloney leukemia virus (MLV) pol polyprotein were detected. These correspond to parts of the protease, reverse transcriptase, and endonuclease domains of the MLV pol gene. Interestingly, the last two pol domains are equidistant in RTVL-H2 and the type C murine retroviruslike DNA sequence (MuRRS), both having deletions of equal sizes relative to the MLV pol gene. One other segment similar to a retroviral gene product was identified in the RTVL-H2 gag region. This segment has 55 to 60% amino acid homology to a 50-amino-acid region of the gag nucleic acid-binding proteins encoded by human T-cell lymphotropic viruses types I and II and bovine leukemia virus. Thus, the RTVL-H2 genome harbors sequences related to evolutionarily distant retroviruses.
 ...
PMID:Human endogenous retroviruslike genome with type C pol sequences and gag sequences related to human T-cell lymphotropic viruses. 244 10

Treatment of rat basophilic leukemia cell line (2H3) with interferon-alpha significantly increased intracellular histamine levels. On the other hand, the histidine content was decreased reciprocally by interferon in a dose-dependent manner. Concomitantly, the activity of histidine decarboxylase, the enzyme responsible for histamine synthesis, was augmented. The increase in histidine decarboxylase activity was partially abolished in co-incubation with inhibitors of ADP-ribosyltransferase, such as 3-aminobenzamide or nicotinamide. These results suggest the pivotal role of activation of histidine decarboxylase, presumably through ADP-ribosylation of the enzyme, in interferon-induced histamine synthesis.
 ...
PMID:Induction of histidine decarboxylase in rat basophilic leukemia cells by interferon and prevention of its effect in coincubation with ADP-ribosyltransferase inhibitors. 252 50

Adult T cell leukemia, an endemic disease in the southwestern part of Japan, is characterized (1) by a short survival, (2) by leukemic T cells in peripheral blood that have lobulated nuclei and helper/inducer surface phenotypes, and (3) by cutaneous involvement. A 34-year-old man who had a history of atopic dermatitis was seen at our clinic because of generalized erythroderma and lymphadenopathy. His clinical course was rather chronic as compared with that of prototypic adult T cell leukemia; however, typical leukemia cells were observed in specimens taken from his peripheral blood and skin. The diagnosis of adult T cell leukemia was established by the patient's positive serum antibody reaction to adult T cell leukemia-associated antigen and monoclonal integration of virus genome in the patient's leukemia cell DNA. Interesting and characteristic of the patient were the very high levels of serum immunoglobulin E. With the use of an in vitro immunoglobulin production system with mitogen, the patient's T lymphocytes enhanced the differentiation of B cells, both from the patient and from a normal adult, into immunoglobulin E-producing cells. Therefore it may be speculated that T cells functioning as immunoglobulin E-specific helpers were transformed to leukemia cells by human T-lymphotropic virus type I. Continuous antigen stimulation of the patient's atopic diathesis also may be a factor.
 ...
PMID:Adult T cell leukemia: a case with massive hyperimmunoglobulinemia E. 252 15


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>