Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Modifications of HLA antigens (transient loss or polyreactivity) were found in thirty-two of fifty-five examined patients with blood diseases (leukaemia, reticulosis, reticulo- and lymphosarcoma, lymphogranuloma, erythroblastoma) and malignant tumours. In two cases of acute myelosis transient alteration of HLA-A 2 antigen in HLA-A 28 was demonstrated. The relationship of HLA antigenic modification to chemotherapy was established, both by analysis of individual cases and by statistical evaluation of serological results in patients with or without chemotherapy (0-01 greater than P greater than 0-001). Chemotherapy is thus one of the causes for the development of HLA antigen modifications in blood diseases and malignant tumours.
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PMID:Chemotherapy--one of the causes of transient loss of HLA antigens and lymphocyte polyreactivity in patients with blood diseases and malignancies. 79 92

Bone marrow transplantation from unrelated donors is being used increasingly for the treatment of patients with leukemia and several other hematologic disorders. Selection of unrelated bone marrow donors currently relies on serological HLA identity and negative mixed lymphocyte reactions between donor/recipient pairs. As serological HLA-DP typing is not feasible, we used the HLA-DPB1 oligonucleotide typing method to investigate whether the current selection procedure can guarantee complete MHC class II identity. In 40 consecutive patients, one third (62/193) serologically HLA-A, -B, -C, -DR and -DQ identical donors were found to be MLC-negative with a relative response below 5%. HLA-DPB1 oligonucleotide typing of these MLC-negative donors revealed that again only one third (20/62) was also identical for DP with their presumptive recipients. In the majority of pairs a disparity in graft-versus-host direction or in host-versus-graft direction of at least one allele was seen. These data indicate that, in spite of the strict MLC criteria used, the current procedure did not warrant complete MHC class II identity. This implies that oligotyping for DPB1 can improve matching and should be introduced for typing of volunteers.
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PMID:Selection of unrelated bone marrow donors: does the current procedure warrant complete MHC class II identity? 128 25

Bone marrow transplantation from unrelated donors is being used increasingly for the treatment of patients with leukaemia and other disorders of lymphohaemopoiesis. Selection of histocompatible unrelated bone marrow donors currently relies on serological HLA identity and negative mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC) between potential donor-recipient pairs. Since serological HLA-DP typing is not feasible, we used the HLA-DPB1 oligonucleotide typing method to test whether the current selection procedure can also guarantee identity for HLA-DP. In 40 consecutive patients, one-third (62/193) of the serologically HLA-A, -B, -C, -DR and -DQ identical donors were judged as MLC negative (relative response below 5%) with the presumptive recipient. HLA-DPB1 oligonucleotide typing of the MLC negative donors revealed that only one-third of these (20/62) were also identical for DP. In the majority of the pairs, we found a DPB1 disparity. A difference in the graft-versus-host direction was seen in 25/62 cases in the host-versus-graft direction in 28/62 cases and in both directions in 29/62 cases. These data indicate that, in spite of the strict MLC criteria used, the current procedure did not guarantee complete MHC class II identity. Therefore oligotyping for DPB1 can improve matching for DP and should be introduced for typing of volunteers. We suspect that DP differences may contribute to the higher incidence of graft-versus-host disease or graft rejection in unrelated donor transplants.
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PMID:The incidence of DPB1 differences between serological and mixed lymphocyte culture matched unrelated individuals: implications for selection of bone marrow donors. 138 32

Bone marrow transplantation from unrelated donors is being used increasingly for the treatment of patients with leukemia and several other hematologic disorders. Selection of unrelated bone marrow donors currently relies on serological HLA identity and negative mixed lymphocyte reactions between donor/recipient pairs. As serological HLA-DP typing is not feasible, we used the HLA-DPB1 oligonucleotide typing method to investigate whether the current selection procedure can guarantee complete MHC class II identity. In 40 consecutive patients, one third (62/193) serologically HLA-A, -B, -C, -DR and -DQ identical donors were found to be MLC negative with a relative response below 5%. HLA-DPB1 oligonucleotide typing of these MLC negative donors revealed that again only one third (20/62) was also identical for DP with their presumptive recipients. In the majority of pairs a disparity in graft-versus-host direction or in host-versus-graft direction of at least one allele was seen. These data indicate that in spite of the strict MLC criteria used, the current procedure did not warrant complete MHC class II identity. This implies that oligotyping for DPB1 can improve matching and should be introduced for typing of volunteers. We speculate that DP differences may contribute to the higher incidence of graft-versus-host disease or graft rejection in unrelated transplants.
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PMID:Selection of unrelated bone marrow donors: does the current procedure warrant complete MHC class II identity? 149 53

This study was undertaken to ascertain the frequency of compatible sibling donors for individuals requiring bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in Ireland. During the study period 1984-89, a total of 392 patients were HLA typed. Of these, 218 (55.6%) had a compatible sibling donor. Among the latter there were 4 degrees of compatibility: 168 (42.9%) were HLA-A,B,DR identical MLC unreactive: three (0.8%) were HLA-A,B,DR identical MLC reactive: 12 (3.0%) were HLA-A,B,DR identical (no MLC performed) and 35 (8.9%) were HLA-A, B identical (no DR or MLC performed). The leukaemias and aplastic anaemia comprised 82.9% of all requests. The majority of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (64.4%), acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (51.2%), chronic myeloid leukaemia (73.9%) and aplastic anaemia (77.3%) had a potential sibling donor. Subsequently 144 of these patients had an allogeneic BMT, 79.9% of which were for patients with leukaemia (acute and chronic). This study found that there was a higher probability of finding a donor within the family than reported in most series. A clear relationship was demonstrated between family size and the likelihood of obtaining a HLA-identical sibling donor.
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PMID:Probability of finding a compatible sibling donor for bone marrow transplantation in Ireland. 153 37

Genomic and cDNA clones encoding a human, non-classical class I gene, Dew3, have been isolated. The complete coding sequence has been determined. The sequence is capable of directing expression of a protein with high sequence homology to HLA-A,B,C molecules but with a shortened cytoplasmic tail. Sequence comparisons demonstrate that this gene is from a separate locus to the 'classical' HLA-A,B,C and 'non-classical' HLA-E and HLA-G loci. Dew3 is equally distantly related to all of these previously described, functional class I genes. It is, however, extremely homologous to a third 'non-classical' gene, HLA-5.4, and to the chimpanzee gene, Ch28. The RNA species it transcribes is shorter than that of the classical genes, due to an altered acceptor splice site which results in the loss of exon 7. The transcription of Dew3 RNA shows a unique pattern of tissue distribution, being expressed in B cell lines and peripheral blood lymphocytes and absent from T cell lines, fibroblasts and a myelomonocytic leukaemia. A Dew3 protein product was detected after transfection into a human EBV-transformed B cell line but was located intracellularly. The HLA-5.4 gene has been recently designated HLA-F. The Dew3 and X5.1 clones thus represent two new alleles of the HLA-F locus in man. Sequence comparison with its chimpanzee homologue suggests that selective pressure for conservation of amino acid sequence is still maintained at this locus.
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PMID:The human class I MHC gene HLA-F is expressed in lymphocytes. 170 59

Seventeen bone marrow transplants were undertaken on 15 patients with leukemia or aplastic anemia using marrow from closely matched (phenotypic or five out of six HLA-A, B and DR antigen matched related and unrelated) donors. Donors were siblings (four), parents (seven), aunt (one), great aunt (one) or matched unrelated (two). When compared with transplants using matched sibling donors, survival was not different (51.4 +/- 13.4% vs. 48.1 +/- 9.6%; p = 0.87) but transplant-related complications and morbidity were higher as follows: graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) (87% vs. 15%; p less than 0.001), interstitial pneumonitis (59% vs. 14%; p less than 0.003), days in hospital (51 vs. 26; p less than 0.001), and chronic transplant related morbidity 50% vs. 11%; p + 0.033). The age of donors who were closely matched was significantly greater than that of their recipients (29.7 +/- 13.9 years vs. 8.1 +/- 3.1 years; p less than 0.001) and was associated with poorer transplant outcome. Median transplant-related complication-free survival for patients receiving transplants from age non-disparate donors was 53 months (range 18-86 months) compared with 12 months (range 2-42 months) for age disparate donors (p = 0.028). Transplants from closely matched donors were undertaken in the ratio of one to every three matched donors, indicating the importance of this source of marrow in a transplant program.
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PMID:Bone marrow transplantation in children using closely matched related and unrelated donors. 193 63

In a study carried out for patients receiving intrafamilial HLA-A,B,DR identical, MLC negative bone marrow transplants, RFLP profiles of HLA-class II for 27 donor recipient pairs were analyzed. Twenty-four pairs were found HLA-class II identical while three pairs were HLA-DP incompatible. The patients of these three pairs did not reveal any acute GVHD greater than or equal to grade II. The seven cases of acute GVHD greater than or equal to grade II found in our panel were HLA-DR, DQ, and DP compatible. Thus, in practical terms pretransplantation HLA-DP typing does not seem necessary for intrafamilial HLA-identical, MLC negative BMT. On the other hand, this work confirmed that it is possible to type for HLA-DP using molecular biological techniques, and this in itself may have some important implications for unrelated BMT.
Leukemia 1990 Mar
PMID:HLA-DP genotyping in HLA-A,B, and DR identical intrafamilial bone marrow transplantation. 196 10

HLA-A, B antigens and the ABO group were examined in 184 patients with aplasia of bone marrow and leukaemia and in 373 of their relatives, mostly siblings. A HLA-A, B donor, identical or compatible, was found for 35.87% patients, a HLA-DR identical for 84.21% of 38 patients who had a HLA-A, B identical relative. Bone marrow was transplanted to 16 patients (10 with bone marrow aplasia, 6 with acute or chronic leukaemia), with one exception bone marrow from a sibling. The bone marrow was accepted in all patients but two where the transplantation was made despite MLC positivity. From the results ensues that it is essential for successful transplantation of bone marrow to ensure maximal identity between donor and recipient as regards the ABO group, HLA antigens and negativity of the MLC reaction. The negativity of the MLC reaction is more important than HLA-DR identity; when assessing only one HLA-DR antigen in a donor identical with the patient, it cannot be ruled out that on the lymphocytes of the donor there exists another one which was not detected. The authors discuss the causes of different results of the MLC reaction and HLA-A, B, DR typing.
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PMID:[Immunologic monitoring of bone marrow transplantation. Experience with 16 cases]. 214 42

Thirty-four patients received bone marrow transplants from unrelated donors. Donors and recipients were phenotypically matched for 6 of 6 HLA-A, B, and DR antigens in 27 cases and at 5 of 6 antigens in 7 cases. Twenty-three patients had leukemia, six had myelodysplasia, and five had aplastic anemia. Twenty-four patients had durable engraftment. Five died of sepsis prior to engraftment. Five patients failed to engraft; 2 of these patients had autologous bone marrow recovery. Seventeen patients developed grade greater than or equal to II acute graft-versus-host disease for an actuarial probability of 67 +/- 20%. The severity of acute graft-versus-host disease and its mortality appeared increased for recipients matched for 5 of 6 HLA-A, B, and DR antigens. Of the 34 patients, 13 (38%) are alive; actuarial survival beyond 6 months is 44 +/- 17%. None of the 25 leukemia and myelodysplasia patients achieving engraftment have relapsed. For leukemia and myelodysplasia recipients of 6 of 6 HLA-matched grafts, actuarial survival at 6 months was 55 +/- 21% compared with 14 +/- 26% for recipients matched for 5 of 6 HLA loci (P = 0.19). Infection and acute graft-versus-host disease were the primary causes of death in the engrafted patients. Survival for aplastic anemia patients was 20%. Late deaths due to pneumonia and bronchiolitis obliterans occurred after one year in 2 patients. Closely matched unrelated donor bone marrow transplants are associated with a higher incidence of graft failure and graft-versus-host disease than typically reported for transplants from HLA-identical siblings, but these preliminary data suggest a lower rate of relapse.
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PMID:Bone marrow transplantation using unrelated donors for patients with advanced leukemia or bone marrow failure. 214 25


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