Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The case is presented of a patient with busulfan (Myleran) treated myeloid leukaemia, who developed bullous pyoderma gangrenosum. Skin symptoms appeared at the time when treatment was discontinued due to signs of bone marrow depression. The pyoderma disappeared following treatment with systemic steroid.
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PMID:Bullous pyoderma gangrenosum in association with myeloid leukaemia. 6 30

In a 33-year-old woman with thrombocytosis, megakaryocytic hyperplasia in bone marrow, presence of megakaryocytes in peripheral blood and megakaryocyte-containing infiltrations in the liver, excellent result of Busulphan treatment (1 year full remission after Busulphan withdrawal) is reported. The authors suggest the diagnosis of megakaryocytic leukaemia.
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PMID:Megakaryocytic leukaemia. A case of unusual outcome. 9 51

The ingestion, bactericidal activity and metabolism of isolated mature neutrophil leucocytes during phagocytosis was studied in 17 patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) with the simultaneous use of normal controls. Seven patients had received no treatment and the others had been treated previously with Busulphan. The phagocytic indices for killed yeast cells did not differ from those of the controls. A diminished bactericidal activity against E. coli was found in nine CGL cases. The bactericidal capacity closely correlated with the degree of leucocytosis since patients with a WBC count of 90 000/mul or higher with one exception showed decreased bactericidal activities while patients with WBC counts below 90 000/mul with two exceptions showed normal bactericidal activities. The [I-14C]-glucose oxidation during phagocytosis was increased in four patients and decreased in three patients. Some correlation was found between abnormally high or low [I-14C]glucose oxidation and diminished bactericidal activity. The intracellular iodination reaction during phagocytosis was decreased in 10 cases while the extracellular iodination was increased in six cases and decreased in one case. The data for granulocyte iodination did not correlate with WBC count, bactericidal capacity or [I-14C]glucose oxidation. The time course for the bactericidal activity and granulocyte iodination seemed to deviate from the controls indicating a slow initial ingestion and/or degranulation phase. The CGL granulocyte content of myeloperoxidase was normal or increased, the lysozyme content was decreased in half of the cases while the amount of antibacterial cationic proteins was increased, normal or low. The present findings indicate a variety of abnormalities in the mature CGL granulocyte, which are not closely interrelated.
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PMID:Granulocyte function in chronic granulocytic leukaemia. I. Bactericidal and metabolic capabilities during phagocytosis in isolated granulocytes. 17 9

Adrenal function was studied in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia treated in the past or presently with Busulphan. Adrenocortical function was determined by means of 24-hour profile of 11-hydroxysteroids (11-OHCS) in plasma, and urinary 24-hour 17 hydrocorticosteroids (17-OHCS) and 17-ketosteroids (17-KS). The adrenomedullary function was determined measuring VMA level in 24-hour urine. In most patients normal 24-hour 11-OHCS profiles and 24-levels of 17-OHCS, 17-KS and VMA. Only in some cases these levels were raised. This rise was observed more frequently in patients with blastic crisis of myeloid leukaemia which may indicate that the adrenal reserve was maintained in these patients. The investigations failed to show that the disease itself or Busulphan treatment impaired adrenal function. The possibility of a direct effect of Busulphan on melanin metabolism in the organism is discussed.
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PMID:[Adrenal function in chronic myeloid leukemia]. 106 55

Yoshi-864 extends markedly the survival times of mice bearing L1210 leukemia or Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Busulfan, with methanesulfonate leaving groups identical with those of Yoshi-864, is without effect. Tumor cells from mice bearing the Ehrlich tumor and treated with Yoshi-864 have a persistent reduction in ability to synthesize DNA. Synthesis of DNA in cells from mice treated with busulfan is moderately suppresed at 48 hr after treatment, but returns virtually to the control value at 72 hr.
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PMID:Comparative effects of Yoshi-864 and busulfan on certain transplantable murine tumors. 117 May 70

Busulfan (BU) is a widely used myeloablative and antineoplastic agent in clinical bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The lower incidence of BU-associated toxicities and lower therapeutic effectiveness in young children given BU doses based on body weight (ie, 16 mg/kg) is associated with altered pharmacokinetics of BU; the area under the curve (AUC) of BU concentration versus time is significantly less in these patients than those observed in older children and adults. To optimize BU dosage in young BMT recipients, we developed a dosage regimen based on body surface area (BSA) and determined BU pharmacokinetics and BU-associated toxicities. Seven children (median age, 3.9 years, range, 1.1 to 5.7) undergoing allogeneic or autologous BMT for leukemia received 40 mg/m2/dose BU every 6 hours for 16 doses; BU concentrations were measured in the plasma, and AUCs were determined for each patient after the first and 13th doses. Expressed as a function of body weight, the median BU dosage was 26.4 mg/kg (range, 24.3 to 28.2), a 60% increase over the BU dosage based on body weight. Four patients developed mucositis, and one of them also developed nonfatal hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD). No patients receiving 40 mg/m2 BU developed neurotoxicity (eg, seizures) or interstitial pneumonitis. Prompt and sustained engraftment was observed in the allogeneic BMT recipients, and late graft failure was not seen. The mean BU AUCs were 1,105 mumol/L.min (range, 790 to 2,080) after the first dose and 1,022 mumol/L.min (range, 632 to 1,860) after the 13th dose of BU, comparable to the AUCs in adults given 16 mg/kg of BU. These studies suggest that, in young children, BSA-based dosing of BU (40 mg/m2) provides drug exposures (AUCs) closer to adult values with acceptable toxicities and may improve therapeutic effects.
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PMID:Optimization of busulfan dosage in children undergoing bone marrow transplantation: a pharmacokinetic study of dose escalation. 142 15

We present a 41 yr old male, who died of respiratory failure due to infiltration of Trichosporon beigelii (cutaneum) into the pulmonary interstitial spaces with systemic dissemination. Busulphan-induced leucopenia in the chronic phase of chronic myelogenous leukaemia had progressed before this infection developed. In leukaemic patients with profound leucopenia, interstitial pneumonitis due to T. beigelii should be considered as a possible cause of otherwise unexplained hypoxaemia.
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PMID:Trichosporon beigelii pneumonitis following busulphan-induced leucopenia. 161 61

The bone marrow morphology of fifty patients with leukemia was analyzed before and two weeks after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and compared to that of ten normal, healthy control subjects. Conditioning of the marrow graft recipients had been carried out with a combination of 16 mg/kg of Busulfan and 120 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide. The bone marrow at two weeks after transplant showed characteristic features that were unique for this clinical setting. Regenerative precursor cells with a distinct morphology commonly formed clusters or islands. Although mixed, multilinear islands were seen; the majority of islands were unilinear with a homogeneous cell content. These hematopoietic colonies were in direct proximity to degenerated cells of presumed host origin. No damage to the microenvironment was seen, the most characteristic finding being large, uniform, unilocular fat cells in close proximity to regenerative precursor cells. These morphologic changes are indicative of a complete and persistent marrow engraftment.
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PMID:Bone marrow transplantation for leukemia after conditioning with busulfan and cyclophosphamide. Bone marrow morphology in the early recovery phase. 206 43

The paper deals with the results of clinical preparations for the application of allogenic bone marrow transplantation at the Clinic of Hematology in Novi Sad. The obligation of the definite treatment of patients below 45 years by allogenic and autologous bone marrow transplantation results from the acceptance of the Yugoslav protocols for acute leukaemia treatment. Thus immunogenotypical analyses, so far performed in patients with severe aplastic anaemia have been extended to patients with acute leukaemia as well and then to patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia, high risk lymphocYtic lymphoma and myeloma multiplex with resistance to standard chemotherapy and their potential sibling donors. The bone marrow transplantation Unit has been set up, the team of specialists has been formed and educated and the protocol for allogenic transplantation with Busulfan and cyclophosphamide combination for pretransplant conditioning has been adopted. In research work concerning the field of bone marrow transplantation a particular emphasis has been put on the working out of a mathematical model for optimal timing of bone marrow transplantation in patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia.
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PMID:[Allogenic transplantation of bone marrow in hematologic diseases. Preparation and completion of transplantation at the Hematology Clinic in Novi Sad]. 210 41

Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is widely used for the treatment of various hematologic disorders. The results are quite reproducible from center to center with a mean disease-free survival of 50%, which varies from 10% in patients transplanted in relapse to 70% in young patients transplanted in first complete remission or in the chronic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia. Relapse is one of the main complications, and its frequency increases with disease status and the use of T cell depletion and the subsequent loss of the graft versus leukemia effect of transplanted allogeneic cells. New agents such as high dose ARA-C, VP 16, Myleran, and Melphalan have been studied in Phase I-II studies. Different modalities of total body irradiation, that is, single dose or fractionated or hyperfractionated doses, have been used. None of these new modalities has modified significantly the long-term disease-free survival rate because of the toxicity of any attempt to diminish the rate of relapse with intensified regimens. Single dose total body irradiation of 10 Gy seems to reduce the risk of leukemic relapse when compared with 12 Gy fractionated total body irradiation, especially when the marrow is T depleted.
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PMID:Influence of conditioning on the outcome of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. 225 32


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