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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Friend leukemia cells growing in suspension culture are thought to represent a population of primitive erythroid cells which have undergone malignant transformation. We have found that when growing in vivo or in plasma clots in vitro, these suspension culture cells can exhibit morphologic and enzymatic properties which are characteristic of primitive granulocytic cells. The microenvironment in which the tumor cells grow plays a major role in determining the direction of differentiation of these leukemia cells. Hence it appears likely that the Friend cell is in fact a neoplastic pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell.
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PMID:Granulocyte differentiation by Friend leukemia cells. 5 19

A new antigan has been revealed by means of antisera against Rauscher virus in mice with Rauscher virus-induced leukemia. This antigen appears to be different from both Rauscher type-specific antigen and MULV-gs-1 (p-30), as shown by studies of electrophoretic mobility and immunochemical specificity. Except in leukemic mice it was also found in low levels in both serum and spleen extracts of healthy mice of a number of strains. Furthermore, this antigen was regularly demonstrated by immunofluorescence on the surface of erythroblasts, but not on the surface of erythrocytes, lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear cells and thymocytes, and was shown to be different from fetal hemoglobin. Therefore, it is referred to as antigen of erythroblasts (Ag-Eb), which seems to represent a surface marker for a certain differentiation stage of erythroid cells.
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PMID:Specific antigen of murine erythroblasts. 5 10

The lymphocyte differentiation antigens detected by rabbit antisera to rat thymocytes and leukaemic cells have been investigated. Thy-1 was the only such antigen detected by the anti-thymocyte serum, which was predominately directed to two xenoantigenic determinants rather than the Thy-1.1 determinant on this molecule. Two additional antigens were recognized by the anti-leukaemia serum. One of these was found on thymocytes and peripheral lymphocytes, but only on 1 per cent of bone marrow cells. The other was found not only on lymphocytes, but also on the nucleated myeloid and erythroid cells of bone marrow.
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PMID:Rat lymphocyte differentiation antigens detected by rabbit antiserum to thymocytes and leukaemic cells. 7 37

Identical antigenic determinants are discovered on the surface of human erythrokaryocytes with antibodies against specific antigen of murine erythroblasts (Ag-Ed), previously revealed in study of Rauscher leukemia, in the immunofluorescent and cytotoxic tests. The antigen is present on the membranes of the majority of human embryonic liver and adult bone marrow nuclear erythroid cells, but is not found in fetal thymocytes, newborn kidney cells, adult human hepatic cells and in peripheral blood erythrocytes. Ag-Eb appears to possess an inter-species determinant, shared by mammalian nuclear erythroid cells, and may be used as their specific marker.
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PMID:[Antigenic marker of human erythrokaryocytes similar to mouse erythroblastosis antigen]. 8 Oct 77

Low molecular weight chromatin peptides exert a dose-dependent inhibition of Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)-induced erythroid differentiation of murine Friend Leukemia Cells (FLC). This effect correlates with the degree of purification of the peptide fractions. Crot analysis of globin mRNA amounts in DMSO-treated FLC given the peptides showed a 4-5-fold decrease of messenger RNA in the cytoplasma with no nuclear storage of globin transcripts. Spectrin accumulation in "induced" FLC is inhibited as well. The effects of the peptides on erythroid markers are reversible upon removal of the compounds. They also appear to be specific for induced gene expression as (1) no effects are observed on cell growth and RNA synthesis in normal non-differentiating cell lines; and (2) no changes have been detected with regard to the expression of integrated viral genes coding for continuous shedding of viral particles.
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PMID:Effects of a chromatin low molecular weight peptidic fraction on differentiation markers and virus production in Friend leukemia cells. 9 93

Polycythemia vera (PV) represents an apparent monoclonal stem cell proliferation with a frequent transition to full neoplastic behavior. Up to 26% of untreated PV patients can be expected to have some chromosome abnormalities in the marrow at the time of diagnosis, and 10--15% have an abnormal cell line or clone. Both structural and numerical aberrations occur. Aneuploidy is the most common type of chromosome abnormality, however, with hyperdiploid clones occurring more frequently than hypodiploid clones. Chromosomes 1, 8, 9 and 20 are involved in a non-random pattern, and aberrations of all the F group, or at least the No. 20 chromosome seem to be associated to some extent with diseases involving erythroid hyperplasia. Leukemia develops in a certain percentage of patients regardless of the type of treatment they have received, but the relationship, if any, between the chromosome abnormalities and the development of leukemia is still uncertain. The abnormal clones that occur in PV appear to be quite stable and there is no indication at this time that they correlate with a prognosis of leukemic transformation.
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PMID:Chromosome studies in polycythemia vera. 10 10

Published data on Japanese leukemia patients with a preleukemic hematological disorder were assessed. The reexamined cases were from the "Japona Centra Revuo Medicina" reported during the period from 1952 to 1971. Among preleukemic hematological disorders, hypoplastic anemia was the most frequently reported (41 of 62 cases). These "hypoplastic preleukemia" patients were rather elderly and terminated mostly in atypical myelocytic leukemia. The chief hematological feature of the hypoplastic preleukemia cases was the coexistence of a relative erythroid hyperplasia and a slight increase of myeloblasts in the bone marrow that was unusual in hypoplastic anemia. The presence of pancytopenia and hypocellular marrow with a relative erythroid hyperplasia combined with a slight increase of myeloblasts probably indicates hypoplastic preleukemia that terminates later in acute leukemia.
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PMID:Preleukemia: hematological disorders prior to onset of leukemia. 13 44

Nicotinamide, a specific inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase, was found to be a moderate inducer of hemoglobin synthesis in Friend erythroid leukemia cells (FLC). Therefore, the effect of other inducers, s-ch as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), hexamethylene-bisacetamide (HMBA), and butyrate, on poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis was examined. The extent of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis in nuclei of FLC treated with DMSO or HMBA began to decrease before many phenotypic changes including hemoglobin production and reached 30--50% of the level of nontreated control when the cells enter the stationary phase. FLC variants unresponsive to HMBA or DMSO did not exhibit as low an activity of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis as their parent cells did by treatment with these inducers. In contrast, butyrate stimulated poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis transiently but distinctly (about 50%) at an early stage of culture (6--24 hr), but suppressed it at a later stage. Neither the cell growth nor degradation of poly(ADP-ribose) is correlated with the effect of inducers. These results suggest that the level of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis is correlated with the differentiation of FLC.
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PMID:Erythroid differentiation and poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis in Friend leukemia cells. 15 37

The effects of a single non-carcinogenic dose of 15 mg/kg methylnitrosourea (MNU) on the immune and hematopoietic systems of adult specific-pathogen-free (SPF) cats were determined. The cell-mediated-immune (CMI) system was markedly suppressed, as evidenced by: (i) Prolonged cutaneous allograft retention time (41-84 days); (ii) Decreased lymphocyte blast transformation response to mitogens (2% of pretreatment response to pokeweed mitogen or concanavalin A) and antigen (12% of untreated control cat response to keyhole limpet hemocyanin); (iii) Reduced number of absolute erythrocyte-rosetting T-cells in the peripheral blood. This immunosuppression lasted at least 3 months, the duration of the experiment. Suppression of the hematopoietic system was also noted as evidenced by: (i) Peripheral lymphopenia lasting 3 months and neutropenia lasting 3 weeks; (ii) Bone marrow hypocellularity lasting 3 weeks; (iii) Hypoplasia of neutrophilic precursors lasting 3 weeks and erythroid precursors lasting 4 days. It was concluded that a single non-carcinogenic dose of MNU induces a prolonged suppression of the CMI system and a brief suppression of hematopoiesis in adult SPF cats. The immunosuppression may in part be responsible for the previously observed increased susceptibility to feline leukemia virus infection and disease of adult SPF cats treated with MNU.
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PMID:The effects of methylnitrosourea on the immune system and hematopoietic system of adult specific pathogen free cats. 16 45

The types of anemia associated with natural and experimental feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection in cats were investigated. In one experiment, 10 kittens were inoculated neonatally with Jarrett FeLV-1, an isolate of subgroup A; 6 developed anemia a few weeks later. This anemia was characterized by macrocytosis, normoblastosis, increased erythropoiesis in the bone marrow, and extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen. Anemia was transient and nonfatal and occurred before the onset of lympoid malignancy. The same type of anemia was also seen in 9 of 24 kittens inoculated with Jarrett FeLV-9 of subgroups A and B. A different form of anemai occurred in another experiment in which 10 kittens were inoculated with FeLV-C of subgroup C only. All 10 kittens developed a profound aplastic or erythroblastopenic anemia in which the bone marrow became depleted of erythroid tissue; all kittens died within 16 weeks, most as a direct result of anemia. In an experiment in which kittens were inoculated with FeLV-B of subgroup B only, no kitten showed anemia. Cats with naturally acquired, nonleukemic lymphosarcoma were also studied. Of 33 lymphosarcomas in which myelophthisis was excluded as a cause, 54% of the affected cats had anemia, the features of which were consistent with hemolytic origin. When virus could be grown from these lymphosarcomas, it was of subgroup A alone or a combination of A and B. With one exception, anemic cats had low or negative titers to feline oncornavirus-associated cell membrane antigens. Until more isolates have been tested, it is not known if the various hematologic changes reflected differences in the pathogenic effects of the subgroups of the virus or of types of strains within them.
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PMID:Anemia associated with feline leukemia virus infection in cats. 16 17


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