Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 14-year-old girl with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) developed cardiomyopathy following chemotherapy for remission induction and subsequent consolidation consisting of cumulative doses of 644 mg/m2 of daunorubicin and 31 mg/m2 of mitoxantrone. Six months after the first complete remission, when relapse of APL was recognized an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from her HLA-identical brother was performed. A preconditioning regimen, consisting of cytarabine (Ara-C, 2 g/m2/day x 3 days and 4 g/m2/day x 3 days), total body irradiation (TBI, 1200 cGy) and etoposide (VP-16, 50 mg/kg) caused moderate gastrointestinal symptoms and transient hemorrhagic cystitis, but did not worsen her cardiac function. Both continuous intravenous administration of heparin to control DIC and continuous low dose dopamine infusion to prevent cardiac failure achieved their purpose. The patient is leukemia-free and has no symptoms related to cardiomyopathy at the eight month after BMT. A preconditioning regimen (Ara-C, TBI and VP-16) appeared to be suitable for BMT to a patient with anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy.
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PMID:[A successful allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for acute promyelocytic leukemia with anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy at relapse]. 160 7

A 57-year-old male who had suffered from polycythemia vera (PV) and had been treated with pipobroman, carbazilquinon and busulfan for ten years presented with fever. CBC revealed anemia and thrombocytopenia without an increase of leukemic blasts (WBC, 7,700/microliters, RBC 294 x 10(4)/microliters, Hb 9.1 g/dl, Plt 1.5 x 10(4)/microliters). Bone marrow aspiration resulted in dry tap. Bone marrow biopsy showed hyperplastic marrow with fibrosis and no increase in leukemic blasts. Eleven days later the patient became leukemic and he died of DIC. Blast cells showed a high nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio, basophilic cytoplasm and cytoplasmic blebs. Cytochemical and immunophenotype analysis of the blast cells showed the following results; myeloperoxidase (-), chloroacetate esterase (-), Sudan black (-), acid phosphatase (+), acetate esterase (+), PAS (+), HLA-DR (+) and GPIIb/IIIa (+). Platelet peroxidase reaction on electron microscopy was positive in perinuclear spaces and endoplasmic reticulum. A diagnosis of megakaryoblastic transformation of PV was made. Although acute myelogenous leukemia has been shown to develop occasionally in the course of PV, acute megakaryoblastic leukemia with DIC following PV is a very rare condition.
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PMID:[Megakaryoblastic transformation associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation in the course of polycythemia vera: a case report]. 160 15

Using clotting assay and radioimmunoassay (RIA), tissue factor activity (TFA) and TF related antigen (TFR:AG) were determined in an extracellular culture medium of HL-60 cells. After 12 h incubation, TFA and TFR:AG in the medium with endotoxin (EDX: 1 microgram/ml) reached maximums which were 1.8 and 2.1 times greater than those in the medium without EDX, respectively. In the leukemic cells of 10 patients with acute nonlymphoid leukemia (ANLL), TFR:AG showed a significant correlation with TFA (p less than 0.01). On day 1 of the induction chemotherapy, TFR:AG in the 7 patients with DIC significantly increased to 288.9 +/- 153.1 ng/ml (p less than 0.01), whereas no increase in TFR:AG was recognized in the 3 patients without DIC. These results suggest that TF may be released from leukemic cells into the culture medium or blood stream, and that this may correlate with the development of DIC.
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PMID:Tissue factor released from leukemic cells. 202 39

Although bacteremia caused by non-typhoidal salmonella is frequently observed in immunocompromised hosts, it is rare to find this condition in healthy subjects. In this report, we present a case of bacteremia due to Salmonella enteritidis detected in a healthy man. A 59-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a fifty-day history of fever on May 18, 1985. On admission, he showed no symptoms except high body temperature (38.8 degrees C). In the laboratory data, C-reactive protein was 3+, white- cell count was 9600, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 12 mm/h. Culture in blood and stool yielded Salmonella enteritidis. However, no abnormal findings were found in UGIS, barium enema, OC + DIC, abdominal CT and echography. As soon as Ampicillin was administered, the fever was gone and the blood culture yielded nothing. After six months, the stool culture was negative for pathological intestinal bacterial flora and he was in good physical condition. Generally, bacteremia develops mainly in the immunocompromised hosts, such as patients with neoplastic disease, AIDS, leukemia or collagen disease. The literature provides so far twenty three adult cases of bacteremia due to non-typhoidal salmonella in Japan. Only two of them had no systemic disease as well as our case. Although it is unknown why bacteremia developed in this healthy man, we reported that bacteremia developed rarely in subjects with healthy condition.
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PMID:[A case of bacteremia due to Salmonella enteritidis in healthy man]. 207 75

Thirty-four new cases of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (M3) were diagnosed at the authors' Centre between 1970 and 1988 (19 males and 15 females) with ages between 5 and 73 years (median age, 32 years). Three cases were of the hypogranular variant or M3-v (8.8%). The clinical picture included: haemorrhagic diathesis (85%), pallor/malaise (82%), fever/infection (41%), hepatomegaly (26%), splenomegaly (12%). Leucopenia of less than 5 x 10(9)/L was present in 23/34 cases, laboratory signs of DIC in 26/31, increased LDH, over 400 U/mL, in 6/31, and abnormal karyotype in 7/15. One of the patients rejected any treatment; two others died of brain haemorrhage before therapy was started, and seven died in the first two weeks of treatment. Of the 31 patients treated, complete remission (CR) was achieved in 21 cases (67.7%). Allogeneic BMT was carried out in two of them, with further relapse and death. Post-remission treatment was given to the remaining 19 patients, and there were 13 relapses. Six patients have been in CR, 5 of them after cessation of therapy, for the last 1.5-11.5 years. Age under 50 years and leucocyte count below 5 x 10(9)/L at diagnosis were favourable prognostic factors according to the univariate statistical analysis performed. The survival plateau of the actuarial curve was reached beyond 2.75 years by 15% of all the patients treated (33 cases), 23% of the patients who achieved CR (21 cases), 31% of the patients under 50 years of age and 5 x 10(9)/L leucocyte count at diagnosis (15 cases) and 36% of these last achieving CR (13 cases).
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PMID:[Acute promyelocytic leukemias: clinico-biological aspects, prognostic factors, therapeutic response, and possibilities of cure in 34 cases (1970-1988)]. 218 63

Treatment of murine tumors with the anti-tumor agent 5-(3,3 dimethyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide (DTIC) has resulted in the induction of antigenic specificities not found in parental cells. After the withdrawal of DTIC treatment, the antigenic sublines maintained the new properties indefinitely, as a heritable character although the mechanism of induction and the molecular nature of the new antigens are essentially unknown. Seven clones from the murine immunogenic leukemia L1210/DTIC were selected and studied in some detail. Three of the seven clones showed an increased immunogenicity in vivo since two clones (D5 and D7) were rejected by syngenic mice and one (D6) prolonged the life span for 3 weeks (untreated tumours killed the mice in 7 days). The seven clones and the L1210/DTIC were recognized and lysed by in vivo primed, in vitro stimulated (with L1210/DTIC) lymphocytes. Therefore, the seven clones shared antigens with the L1210-DTIC immunogenic subline. Secondary stimulated lymphocytes to clone D5, and clone D7 were able to lyse D5, D6 and D7 cells, respectively, but were unable to recognize the remaining clones. From in vivo and in vitro studies, all the L1210/DTIC sublines are composed of cells carrying two or more distinct antigens. Each cell clone expressed one set of antigens. It was concluded that only a few antigens expressed in different cells were induced by a DTIC treatment of L1210 leukemia.
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PMID:L1210/DTIC antigenic subline: studies at the clone level. 243 57

The fibrinolytic system was studied in 46 patients with acute leukaemia at diagnosis. Untreated patients (with the sole exception of the M3 subgroup) showed an inhibition of fibrinolytic activity, measured by the euglobulin lysis time and area. This inhibition was accompanied by reduced t-PA antigen and t-PA inhibitor activity. No correlation was found between the above-mentioned fibrinolytic parameters and the biochemical haematological values considered, nor with clinical and/or laboratory features of DIC, fever, liver failure. The decrease in immunological plasminogen and functional alpha 2-antiplasmin, showed a significant correlation with the presence of clinical and/or laboratory signs of DIC, as diagnosed on the basis of concomitant increase in fibrin monomers, plasmatic fibrinopeptide A and serum FDP.
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PMID:Depressed fibrinolysis in patients with acute leukaemia. 244 34

Antineoplastic compounds can induce on tumour cells new antigens that undetectable on parental cells and which are transmissible as a genetic character. In this study mouse leukaemia L1210 was cloned in vitro by limiting dilution and one cloned line was recloned in vivo. Four subcloned tumour cell lines (A,D,R,S) were xenogenized in vivo by DTIC treatment (A/DTIC, D/DTIC, R/DTIC, S/DTIC) following a schedule previously described. Up to 10(7) cells of these xenogenized subclones, injected i.p., were rejected by syngeneic hosts, although they grew in immunosuppressed hosts. The DTIC treated subclones were lysed by in vivo-primed, in vitro-restimulated (with the relevant subclone) lymphocytes. The cytotoxic lymphocyte activity was not strictly specific since parental, DTIC-untreated cells were also lysed, although less efficiently. CTL directed against the D/DTIC subclone were cloned by limiting dilution. Ninety-four CTL clones were assayed against L1210 subcloned cells, DTIC-treated and untreated, and against different murine tumours (syngeneic or allogenic). Three specific antigens could be identified in the 51Cr release assay. The DTIC subclones expressed one antigen that was specifically recognized by a set of CTL clones. A number of CTL clones were able to lyse the L1210 subcloned cell exclusively, targetting a tumour-associated antigen that did not appear to be modified in the DTIC-treated subclones. A third antigen was demonstrated in the parental and DTIC treated D subclone. On the basis of these results it was postulated that there was at least one common DTIC-inducible antigen specific and reproducible within an identical cell population. Moreover, DTIC treatment did not modify histocompatibility antigens or TAA pre-existing in L1210 cells. The findings discussed here provide new information about permanent xenogenization of tumour cells, which might be exploited for experimental chemo-immunotherapy of cancer.
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PMID:DTIC xenogenized lines obtained from an L1210 clone: clonal analysis of cytotoxic T lymphocyte reactivity. 245 49

The levels of alpha-2-antiplasmin (alpha 2-AP), antithrombin III (At III) and plasminogen were studied in 21 patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) before and after induction chemotherapy and during bone marrow cellularity recovery after the postchemotherapy aplastic phase. In the patients with M2, M3 or M4 leukemia who had clinical and laboratory evidence of DIC, the alpha 2-AP levels were very low in the initial phase of the disease but improved significantly during recovery of marrow cellularity. At III and plasminogen values were in the normal range at disease onset and showed no significant modification during the course of leukemia. Proteolytic cleavage of alpha 2-AP by granulocyte proteases, rather than hyperfibrinolysis, may be responsible for the low levels of the inhibitor in the proliferative phase of ANLL. This alpha 2-AP deficiency may well contribute to hemorrhagic diathesis in ANLL independently of the presence or absence of hyperfibrinolysis or DIC. Moreover, the lower alpha 2-AP levels observed during the proliferative phase of ANLL may relate to disease activity.
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PMID:Alpha-2 antiplasmin in acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia. 246 77

In the present study plasma fibronectin levels were determined in patients with hematopoietic malignancy, particularly leukemias, in an effort to clarify their clinical implications. Among leukemia patients, those with AML, ALL, ATL or CLL had various plasma fibronectin levels that were higher in some cases, while lower in others, as compared to normal control values. An elevation of the fibronectin level was noted often in APL, while lower fibronectin values were observed in many instances of CML. In these types of leukemia, acute exacerbation as well as supervention of infection tended to be associated with lower than normal levels of fibronectin. An especially marked depression of fibronectin occurred, when leukemia was complicated by sepsis or DIC, in which a good parallel was noted between the progress of disease and the fibronectin level. In lymphoproliferative diseases, the fibronectin value varied widely, but low fibronectin levels were frequently associated with intercurrent infection or an extreme deterioration of the general physical conditions.
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PMID:Variation of plasma fibronectin levels in leukemia patients. 248 45


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