Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Neocarzinostatin, an antineoplastic agent which is effective against human leukemia, induced unscheduled DNA synthesis in human leukemic leucocytes. This indicated the existence of repair process against at least a part of DNA damage caused by the agent. The extent of unscheduled DNA synthesis increased in parallel with the concentration of Neocarzinostatin up to 5 microgram/ml, followed by a decline at more than 5 microgram/ml. Leucocytes from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia had higher repair synthesis after Neocarzinostatin treatment compared to those from patients with acute leukemia. The amount of repair synthesis correlated well with the proportion of immature leucocytes among chronic myelogenous leukemia samples, but such correlation was not found among acute leukemia samples.
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PMID:DNA repair in human leukemic leucocytes treated with neocarzinostatin. 14 85

Neocarzinostatin (NCZ), an acidic polypeptide antibiotic, was given to 47 patients with cancer and leukemia, and tolerance to two schedules, a single dose given as a 2 hour infusion and a continuous infusion over 5 days was investigated. Immediate reactions, including fever, chills, rigor, hypertension and mental confusion, were dose-limiting for the 2 hour infusion schedule, occurring at 3000 U/m2 and higher. Continuous administration for 5 days eliminated the immediate reactions and then hematological toxicity--often prolonged leukopenia and thrombocytopenia--became dose-limiting. Other toxicities of NCZ at both dose schedules included anemia, fever and chills, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, hepatic dysfunction, azotemia, hypophosphatemia, aminoaciduria, stomatitis, phlebitis and/or cellulitis at the venous infusion site and pruritus. Patients with solid tumors who had received little or no prior chemotherapy and had good bone marrow reserve tolerated up to 6000 U/m2/24 hours X 5 days. One patient with previously treated acute myelocytic leukemia was induced into a good partial remission lasting 10 weeks.
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PMID:Phase I study with neocarzinostatin: tolerance to two hour infusion and continuous infusion. 15 43

Neocarzinostatin (NCS) used for the chemotherapy of leukemia and cancers such as stomach, pancreas and bladder, has been pointed out to have the side effects mainly causing leukopenia. In order to prevent these side effects of NCS by systemic administration, we have attempted to inject NCS directly into the tumor tissues and to inactivate NCS leaked from the tissues by the treatment of antidotes for NCS. The present report deals with the influence of some antidotes on the toxicity of NCS in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrated that; Four SH-compounds, such as thiopronin, glutathione (reduced form), sodium thioglycolate and L-cysteine monohydrochloride monohydrate were effective to inactivate antibacterial activity of NCS against M. luteus ATCC 9341 in vitro. It was recognized that acute toxicity of NCS was reduced by pretreatment of these SH-compounds and its action was dose related. The LD50 values of NCS intravenous administration in mice increased 5.8- to 24-fold when 150, 300, 500 and 1,000 mg/kg of thiopronin were administered intravenously 2 minutes prior to NCS. And 2.3- to 4.2-fold by 500 and 1,000 mg/kg of glutathione (reduced form), 1.6- to 4.2-fold by 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg of sodium thioglycolate, 1.9- to 4.2-fold by 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of L-cysteine monohydrochloride monohydrate respectively. On the other hand, pretreatment of NCS didn't affect the acute toxicity of thiopronin.
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PMID:[Screening for the antagonizing agents against lethal toxicity of neocarzinostatin. I. Inhibitory effects of various drugs on the toxicity of neocarzinostatin in vitro and in vivo]. 315 7

The in vivo antitumor activity of NCS-immune immunoglobulin G (IgG) [Neocarzinostatin (NCS) conjugated with rabbit IgG antibody against a human leukemia cell line (NALL-1)] was evaluated in immunosuppressed newborn Syrian hamsters into which a transplantable human leukemia cell line, BALL-1 was implanted. After intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of the conjugate, hamsters preinoculated i.p. with BALL-1 cells survived longer than hamsters treated with control solutions (p less than 0.01). The control solutions were NCS, immune IgG, a mixture of NCS and immune IgG, NCS-normal IgG conjugate and physiological saline. There was no change in body weight in the NCS-immune IgG-treated hamsters. The growth of subcutaneously (s.c.) implanted BALL-1 tumors was also inhibited by i.p. administration of NCS-immune IgG; however, the degree of inhibition was not significantly different from that obtained by administration of NCS alone, a mixture of NCS and immune IgG or NCS-normal IgG conjugate. These results indicate that NCS-immune IgG was effective against i.p. BALL-1 tumors, but was less effective against s.c. implanted tumors.
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PMID:In vivo antitumor activity of neocarzinostatin (NCS)-tumor antibody conjugate against a transplantable human leukemia cell line (BALL-1). 622 54