Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of necrosis of caput femoris in children are reported. In both of them the lesion developed three years after diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, but during complete remission. Possible relations of the necrosis to ALL, Prednisone-therapy or constitutional factors are discussed.
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PMID:[Necrosis of the caput femoris in complete remission of lymphoblastic leukaemia (author's transl)]. 26 86

B-, T- and O-lymphocytes detected as EAC-, E- and non-rosette forming lymphocytes were investigated in venous blood in 49 patients with connective tissue diseases, psoriasis and chronic lymphogenous leukaemia (CLL) during treatment with either prednisone alone, prednisone and cytostatic agents or cytostatic agents alone. Prednisone alone did not change the B-, T- and O-lymphocyte counts. Cytostatics alone or in combination with prednisone reduced the B- and T-lymphocyte counts concomitant with a significant increase in the O-lymphocyte count. The findings could be explained by assuming that cytostatics disturb the immunological functions of the lymphocytes and finally deprive the cells of their B- and T-markers. The optimal immunosuppressive treatment with cytostatic agents may be associated with a certain reduction of B- and T-lymphocytes which may be used as a guideline for dosage.
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PMID:Influence of prednisone and cytostatics on human blood B-, T- and O-lymphocytes in diseases. 108 Dec 72

From a total of 95 children treated on a long-term basis with corticosteroids as part of a chronic dialyzation programme on account of asthma, juvenile chronic arthritis and leukaemia in 23 (24%) posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC) was diagnosed. The authors consider as the risk factor the amount of corticosteroids in relation to body weight rather than the absolute dose. The danger of PSC develops after one year's administration of 0.3 mg/kg/day Prednisone or its equivalent. This fact is documented by two case-histories indicating the chronology of development of PSC in two-year-old patients, from clear lenses to the most severe affection in the group. The absolute amount of Prednisone was 5-10 mg, i. e. 0.5 mg/kg/day. In one of the two patients the cataract of one eye had to be operated. The patients should have dispensary examinations after one year and subsequently after six-month intervals in case of continuing corticosteroid treatment. An interesting finding was the observation of the incipient stage of PSC--a double dissociation in the area of the posterior "Y" seam.
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PMID:[Steroid cataracts in children]. 152 16

A study of aplastic anemia in children in a period of June 1980 to June 1989 was done to evaluate the pattern of aplastic anemia in children. The cases consisted of 55 children, 30 males (54.55%) and 25 females (45.45%). Most of the patients (47.27%) were found in the age group of 10 to 15 years. The complaints were paleness (90.91%), fever (56.45%) and bleeding (52.72%). The hemoglobin concentration was 4.25 +/- 1.17 g/dl (mean +/- SD), and the thrombocytopenia was generally severe. Prednisone or combination of prednisone and oxymethalone was given in addition to blood transfusions, antibiotics and vitamins. The outcome was difficult to evaluate because of the irregularity of treatments. Of the 55 children, 9 (18.02%) contracted leukemia after 1-5 months.
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PMID:A study of aplastic anemia at the Department of Child Health, School of Medicine University of North Sumatera/Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Medan. 178 Jan 64

Sixteen elderly patients affected by acute non lymphoblastic leukaemia (ANLL) with a preexisting severe internal disease were treated with a low systemic toxicity drugs combination: OAP (Vincristine, Cytarabine and Prednisone). Complete remission was achieved in 5 patients (31%) after 2 OAP courses. The mean duration of remission was 18 weeks. Six patients were resistant to the therapy. Six patients died during the treatment: 5 in induction phase and 1 in consolidation phase. Even though the duration of remission was short we retain that OAP combination may be still considered a good therapeutical approach in elderly ANLL patients with associated severe internal disease.
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PMID:OAP combination in the treatment of elderly leukaemic patients with preexisting severe internal disease. 247 96

It is exceptional to obtain a cure in multiple myeloma. We report a case of a 54-year old man with stage III, IgA K multiple myeloma in complete remission 12 years after the diagnosis. The patient was treated for 4 years with Melphalan-Prednisone. Eight years after the end of treatment the patient fulfilled the criteria of cure as defined by the "Chronic Leukemia Task Group" (no measurable myeloma protein and normal bone marrow) associated with the disappearance of some osteolytic lesions.
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PMID:Multiple myeloma: a case of a cure? 264 19

The clinical course of 52 cases with eosinophilic fasciitis observed at the Mayo Clinic has been described. Cutaneous changes included pitting edema, peau d'orange, and induration, and may affect virtually any body surface area. In addition, localized morphea was present in 15 cases. Arthritis was observed in 21 patients; 29 patients had flexion contractures and 12 had carpal tunnel syndrome. Associated hematologic diseases were found in five patients; thrombocytopenia in two, myeloproliferative disorder in one, myelomonocytic leukemia in one, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia in one. Peripheral blood eosinophilia was noted in 33 of 52 patients, hypergammaglobulinemia was noted in 17 of 49, and elevated sedimentation rate was noted in 15 of 52. Nonspecific EMG changes were seen in 11 of 15 patients. None had clinical involvement of the kidneys, lungs, or heart. No significant association between any HLA-A, -B, or -DR and eosinophilic fasciitis was seen. Prednisone and hydroxychloroquine seemed equally beneficial in treatment; however, some cases showed spontaneous recovery, making evaluation of therapeutic efficacy difficult. Relapses occurred in some cases.
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PMID:Eosinophilic fasciitis: clinical spectrum and therapeutic response in 52 cases. 323 80

Cyclic combination chemotherapy was administered to 26 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who had relapsed in the bone marrow greater than or equal to 6 months after elective cessation of therapy. Each patient had been in initial continuous complete remission for 36-111 months (median, 47 months). Prednisone, vincristine, and doxorubicin induced second complete remissions in all patients within 1 month. Continuation therapy consisted of alternating 6-week courses of 6-mercaptopurine/methotrexate and vincristine/cyclophosphamide with intervening reinforcement courses of prednisone/doxorubicin, for a total of 18 months. All patients received 4 weeks of late intensification therapy with the same agents used for remission reinduction. Periodic intrathecal methotrexate was given as reprophylaxis for subclinical central nervous system leukemia. The estimated rate of continuous failure-free survival at 5 years is 31% +/- 17% (2 SE). Eight patients remain free of leukemia for 42 + to 65+ months after completing therapy a second time. Adverse second events included 11 hematologic, 1 testicular, and 3 meningeal relapses. Patients who relapsed at more than 12 months after the completion of initial treatment have had significantly longer second remissions than patients whose first remissions were shorter (p = .04). None of the other six factors we analyzed showed predictive strength. These end results indicate that intensive cyclic continuation chemotherapy, as described here, will secure durable second remissions in approximately one-third of the children with late bone marrow relapses.
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PMID:Cyclic combination chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia recurring after elective cessation of therapy. 342 33

Seventy-eight adult patients with acute leukaemia were classified cytologically into 3 categories: acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML) or acute undifferentiated leukaemia (AUL). The periodic acid-Schiff stain was of little value in differentiating the 3 groups. The treatment response in each group was different: 94% of patients with ALL (16/17) achieved complete remission with prednisone, vincristine and other drugs in standard use in childhood ALL; 59% of patients with AML (27/46) achieved complete remission with cytosine arabinoside and daunorubicin (22 patients), or 6-thioguanine and cyclophosphamide (2 patients), 6-thioguanine, cyclophosphamide and Adriamycin (1 patient), and cytosine and Adriamycin (1 patient); only 2 out of 14 patients (14%) with acute undifferentiated leukaemia achieved complete remission using cytosine and daunorubicin after an initial trial of prednisone and vincristine had failed. Prednisone and vincristine would seem to be of no value in acute undifferentiated leukaemia. It would seem also that no benefit is obtained by classifying all patients with acute leukaemia over 20 years of age as "adult acute leukaemia" and treating them with the same polypharmaceutical regimen. The problems posed by each disease are different and such a policy serves only to obscure them.
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PMID:Adult acute leukaemia. 414 25

Methotrexate (MTX) and 6-mercaptopurine (6MP), the two drugs most commonly used for maintenance treatment of childhood leukemia, are both potent hepatotoxins. In order to assess MTX-6MP-induced damage, we obtained biopsies from 11 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) for light microscopic and transmission electron microscopic study. Prednisone, vincristine, and L-asparaginase were used for induction of remission in all patients. Although light microscopic findings were minimal, we found significant ultrastructural abnormalities in all patients. Changes included nuclear abnormalities, disruption of rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, a variety of mitochondrial changes, steatosis, fibrosis, and changes in peroxisomes and lysosomes. These abnormalities could not have been predicted from liver function tests or histopathology. Three of the eleven patients studied had also received cyclophosphamide and cytosine arabinoside during maintenance therapy. The ultrastructural abnormalities in this group were not distinguishable from those observed in the group that did not receive these additional chemotherapeutic agents. The long-term clinical significance of these findings is not known.
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PMID:Hepatic ultrastructure in leukemic children treated with methotrexate and 6-mercaptopurine. 668 21


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