Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Since 1989, granulocyte-macrophage and granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (GM-CSF, G-CSF) have been increasingly applied in the treatment of drug-induced agranulocytosis. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of GM-CSF and G-CSF in the treatment of drug-induced agranulocytosis, we have studied all reported cases (n = 70) treated with GM-CSF and G-CSF, including ten patients treated during the last 2 years in The Netherlands. The results demonstrate that patients with a severe granulocytopenia (< 0.1 x 10(9)/l) treated with hematopoietic growth factors had a significantly faster recovery of the peripheral blood granulocytes compared to previous published studies. At the same time, a significantly lower mortality rate was observed. In patients with a severe granulocytopenia treated with GM-CSF or G-CSF a mortality rate of 5% was noted. No difference in granulocyte recovery was observed in patients treated with GM-CSF or G-CSF. The results of this review indicate that G-CSF and GM-CSF enhance the recovery of the myeloid lineage, resulting in a faster normalization of the peripheral blood granulocyte count and a reduced incidence of fatal complications.
Leukemia 1994 Dec
PMID:The application of hematopoietic growth factors in drug-induced agranulocytosis: a review of 70 cases. 754 79

The change in phenotype, number and proliferative capacity of peripheral blood hematopoietic progenitors (PBHP) was studied in six patients with multiple myeloma during hematopoietic recovery after mobilization with high-dose cyclophosphamide and GM-CSF or G-CSF. In all six patients the first CD34+ cells appearing in the peripheral blood (PB) after cytoreductive treatment were predominantly CD34+/33- (> 70%). At later stages when leukapheresis procedures were started, the CD34+/33+ cells predominated in five of six patients. In leukapheresis harvests of peripheral blood, and in bone marrow addition of SCF and IL-6 to the culturing medium enhanced the plating efficiency. In peripheral blood an increase from 12 to 22% for CD34+/33+ and from 6 to 14% for CD34+/33- was observed. In normal bone marrow we observed an increase from 15 to 23% for CD34+/33+ and from 7 to 17% for CD34+/33-. Highly proliferative progenitors (>500 cells) in the CD34+/33- fraction appeared to be dependent on the addition of 'stem cell recruiting factors' (SCF and IL-6); in bone marrow the percentage of wells with >500 cells increased from 0.9 to 12.6% after SCF+IL-6 and in PBHP from 2 to 9%. We conclude that the first progenitors appearing in the peripheral blood after priming with high-dose cyclophosphamide and GM- or G-CSF have a more primitive immunophenotype, CD34+/33-.
Leukemia 1994 Dec
PMID:Primitive multilineage progenitor cells predominate in peripheral blood early after mobilization with high-dose cyclophosphamide and GM-CSF or G-CSF. 752 61

We used a new chemotherapy regimen for the treatment of 18 consecutive patients with relapsed AML (median age 44 years, range 18-74). The regimen consisted of low-dose cytosine arabinoside (10 mg/m2/12 h, usually day 1 to 14), low-dose aclarubicin (10-14 mg/m2/day, day 1 to 4), and concurrent use of G-CSF (200 micrograms/m2/day) (CAG regimen). Overall, 15/18 patients (83%) achieved complete remission (CR) after one or two courses, including eight out of ten refractory patients with early relapse, second or subsequent relapses, and/or resistant relapse. Two of three patients who relapsed, achieved CR again after reinduction with a modified CAG regimen. Fourteen of the 15 complete remitters received consolidation therapy with the CAG regimen modified, followed by oral busulfan in eight cases, and by allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in two cases. At a median follow-up of 12 months, median CR duration and survival were 6 months and 17 months, respectively. Myelosuppression in the first course of induction therapy was moderate to severe. However, severe non-hematologic toxicity (WHO grade > or = 3) was characteristically rare. Although this is a preliminary study, the CAG combination seems promising for the treatment of relapsed AML, with its low toxicity contributing to a higher quality of life for the patient.
Leukemia 1995 Jan
PMID:Concurrent use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor with low-dose cytosine arabinoside and aclarubicin for previously treated acute myelogenous leukemia: a pilot study. 753 Dec 59

We evaluated the effects of 2 months of G-CSF treatment on in vitro hematopoiesis in 17 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Although in vitro marrow myeloid progenitor cell (CFU-GM) growth stimulated by G-CSF generally remained subnormal, in the majority of neutrophil responders significantly augmented incremental change (termed AIC) of CFU-GM numbers occurred after treatment, as did neutrophilic differentiation. The neutrophil non-responders had less prominent in vitro myeloid responses and lower basal neutrophil levels (p < 0.05). Following G-CSF treatment, the initially subnormal erythroid burst-forming unit (BFU-E) values underwent AIC in five of 11 patients along with increased reticulocyte responses in vivo, whereas four of the five patients who lacked AIC of BFU-E did not. Three patients with persisting cytogenetic abnormalities and increased neutrophilic differentiation in vitro also responded in vivo, suggesting that G-CSF induced in vivo cellular differentiation from the abnormal clone. Two of the three patients who developed blastic responses in vivo had increased CFU-GM growth pre- and post-therapy. These results indicate in vivo-in vitro correlations for myeloid and erythroid responses of MDS marrow cells which related to treatment with G-CSF.
Leukemia 1995 Jan
PMID:Effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor therapy on in vitro hemopoiesis in myelodysplastic syndromes. 753 Dec 61

The objective of this study was to determine whether or not cell culture studies could contribute to the correct choice between idarubicin (IDA) and daunorubicin (DNR) for combination with ara-C in remission induction therapy of AML. Two growth factor-sensitive AML cell lines and the peripheral blood blast cells from 10 patients with AML were studied in culture for sensitivity to IDA and DNR under four culture conditions; cells were grown either in methylcellulose or suspension culture in the presence of G-CSF or GM-CSF. Normal bone marrow cells were cultured in methylcellulose in the presence of IDA or DNR under conditions suitable for the detection of BFU-E and CFU-C. Dose-response curves for AML blast cells were characterized by an initial shoulder and then an exponential decrease in survival. Marked patient-to-patient variation was observed for both portions of the survival curves. IDA was significantly more toxic to blast cells than DNR, especially for more sensitive cell populations. Consistent differences in drug sensitivity in the four culture conditions were not observed. BFU-E and CFU-C dose-response curves of normal marrow progenitors resembled those of AML blast cells but in contrast fell within a narrow range. The culture studies support the clinical finding in AML of modest superiority of IDA over DNR. The heterogeneity in sensitivity of AML blasts in culture suggests an opportunity to individualize treatment. Preclinical studies may help in developing such a therapeutic approach.
Leukemia 1995 Mar
PMID:Sensitivities of AML blast stem cells to idarubicin and daunorubicin: a comparison with normal hematopoietic progenitors. 753 65

We examined the responsiveness of leukemic cells to colony stimulating factors (CSFs) as determined by 3H-TdR incorporation and surface phenotypes of leukemic blasts. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), CD13 and/or CD33 positive and HLA-DR negative M1 and M3 cases tended to show high response to G-CSF, GM-CSFs and IL-3, however, all HLA-DR positive M1, M2, M4 and M5 cases were unresponsive to CSFs but showed high autonomous growth. In acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), no response was observed to any CSFs but high autonomous growth was found in mixed leukemia cases. Sole T or B lineage cases showed low autonomous growth. These results suggest the varied nature of the proliferative state in leukemia and the existence of a subgroup in M1.
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PMID:Relationship between responsiveness to colony stimulating factors (CSFs) and surface phenotype of leukemic blasts. 870 27

A 70-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of leukocytosis. The laboratory examination revealed leukocytosis (44,500/microliters) with blasts (99%) in the peripheral blood. Myeloperoxidase staining of the leukemia cells was negative, but the surface phenotype was CD13- and CD33-positive, and negative for all lymphoid antigens. Peroxidase staining using the electron microscope was positive. Thus, the patient was diagnosed as acute myeloblastic leukemia (M0), according to the FAB classification. Although the therapy regimens commonly used for ANLL were effective for some cases with M0, the regimens mainly for ALL were more effective for the others. Thus we cannot determine what is the most effective regimen for M0. Since the patient had many complications, he was treated with low-dose AraC instead of combination chemotherapy. After the beginning of treatment, he became febrile and we added G-CSF to Ara-C. One month later, the patient achieved complete remission without severe infection. After four courses of consolidation therapy, the patient was discharged. He has been maintained in remission for more than 3 years and 8 months with only 5-day oral administration of cytarabine ocfosfate every four weeks.
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PMID:[Continuation of complete remission by oral administration of cytarabine ocfosfate in a patient with M0, who achieved remission by small doses of cytosine arabinoside with G-CSF]. 753 75

Ten patients in first or second relapse with Philadelphia chromosome acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, ineligible for allogeneic sibling marrow transplantation, were treated with an intensive chemotherapy regimen including idarubicin, intermediate-dose arabinosylcytosine, etoposide and G-CSF. Peripheral blood stem cells were collected by leukapheresis during initial early WBC recovery from chemotherapy-induced aplasia. In 5/10 patients all metaphases in leukapheresis products were found to be Philadelphia-chromosome-negative and they have been used as autotransplants after conditioning with TBI/etoposide/cyclophosphamide (or idarubicin) and G-CSF. All five patients showed sustained engraftment and one of them is alive and well Philadelphia-chromosome-negative 18 months after transplant. These preliminary results suggest that it is possible to recover Philadelphia-chromosome-negative blood stem cells after intensive chemotherapy, even in advanced patients, and to perform autografting with these cells.
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PMID:Philadelphia-chromosome-negative peripheral blood stem cells can be mobilized in the early phase of recovery after a myelosuppressive chemotherapy in Philadelphia-chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. 753 28

A human native immunoglobulin liquid preparation for intravenous injection, was used in combination with antibiotics and G-CSF to study its efficacy and safety in 49 patients with severe infections (Granulocyte counts were <or= 1000/ microliters, Body temperature was >or= 38 degrees C) which had not responded to antibiotic and G-CSF therapy of a 3-day or more duration. As a result of the Committee judgment, 49 patients were included in this study; 30 (61.7%) were included in efficacy and safety analysis. The analysis of 30 patients consisted of 9 patients (30.0%) with suspected septicemia, 5 (16.7%) with pneumonia, and 4 (13.3%) with septicemia. All patients had severe underlying diseases such as leukemia and malignant lymphoma. Clinical efficacy of Immunoglobulin preparation was judged by the doctors in charge to be "excellent" and "good" in 70.0% of the total cases. The rate of effectiveness was calculated from the results of the Committee judgment was 83.3% when "excellent" and "good" cases were included. No side effects were observed in all cases. Our results suggest that the immunoglobulin in combination with G-CSF is very effective on patients with severe infections.
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PMID:[Therapeutic evaluation of combination therapy using human native immunoglobulin preparation for i.v. administration, with antibiotics and G-CSF in severe infections in the field of internal medicine]. 754

Factor-specific cell line bioassays were used to monitor the production in vitro by adult and fetal mouse organs of GM-CSF, G-CSF, M-CSF, Multi-CSF (IL-3), IL-6 and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). No tissue was observed to produce Multi-CSF. Highest producers of the other regulators were lung, muscle, thymus, heart and bone shaft and all tissues producing detectable growth factors produced all five with the same rank order of activity. Adult tissues produced more GM-CSF than G-CSF and less M-CSF than either, no differences being observed between male, female and pregnant female tissues. In contrast, the pregnant uterus produced high levels of M-CSF as did the fetal membranes and tissues with only low GM-CSF and no G-CSF production. Pre-irradiation did not alter the pattern of regulator production by adult tissues. The intravenous injection of endotoxin elevated serum levels of GM-CSF, G-CSF, M-CSF and IL-6 but the dominant rise was in G-CSF levels. The data indicating that multiple organs produce the regulators monitored in a common rank order suggest some overall linkage in their production with major differences between adult and fetal tissues.
Leukemia 1995 Sep
PMID:Production of hematopoietic regulatory factors in cultures of adult and fetal mouse organs: measurement by specific bioassays. 754 53


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