Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Infantile leukemias (IL) with onset of the disease in the first year of life account for less than 5% of childhood leukemias. Twenty-four IL cases (age at diagnosis [AD] less than 1 year), treated in a single institution over a 15 year period were analyzed. IL cases were paired with elder leukemic children, matched by type of leukemia (ALL and ANLL), sex, year of diagnosis, and regional residence. For ALL 2 control groups (CG) were chosen: AD 3-6 years (CG1), corresponding to ALL incidence peak in Italy, and AD 6-14 years (CG2); for ANLL (not having age specific incidence peak): AD greater than 3 years. In ALL the main biological differences between IL and CGs are represented by initial WBC count and IgM at onset, significantly higher in IL cases (p less than 0.01 and 0.05, respectively). In ANLL a significant excess of M4/M5 morphology was found among IL (p less than 0.01). Moreover, a significantly shorter survival was found in infantile ALLs vs. CG1, in the stratum with WBC count at onset greater than 50,000/mm3 (p less than 0.05).
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PMID:[A case-control study of acute leukemia during the 1st year of life]. 238 Dec 82

Vitamin K (VK) congeners (VK1, VK2, and VK3) have been used as antihemorrhagic agents, while VK3 has also been found to inhibit growth in various rodent and human tumor cells. We have compared the antitumor activities of vitamin K1, K2, and K3 against a panel of human cancer cell lines. For each test agent, a dose-response profile was generated by using an MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and an SRB (sulforhodamine B) assay. Both assays yielded similar results. The respective ID50 values of VK3 in five hepatoma cell lines, HA59T, HA22T, PLC, HepG2, and Hep3B, of increasing differentiation state, were 42, 36, 28, 27, and 20 microM. For nasopharyngeal carcinoma (CG1), leukemia (U937), oral epidermoid carcinoma (KB), and breast carcinoma (BC-M1) cells, the ID50 values of VK3 were 26, 15, 25, and 33 microM, respectively. For all the above cells, the ID50 values of VK1 ranged from 6 to 9 mM, and the ID50 values of VK2 ranged from 1 to 2 mM. Thus, the relative potencies of antitumor activity of VK3 compared to VK2 and to VK1 are about 60- and 300-fold, respectively. These results support the preference for use of VK3 over VK1 and VK2 in cancer therapy.
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PMID:Comparison of antitumor activity of vitamins K1, K2 and K3 on human tumor cells by two (MTT and SRB) cell viability assays. 849 42

Cathepsin G (CG) is a myeloid azurophil granule protease that is highly expressed by acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts and leukemia stem cells. We previously identified CG1 (FLLPTGAEA), a human leukocyte antigen-A2-restricted nonameric peptide derived from CG, as an immunogenic target in AML. In this report, we aimed to assess the level of CG expression in acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) and its potential as an immunotherapeutic target in ALL. Using RT-PCR and western blots, we identified CG mRNA and protein, respectively, in B-ALL patient samples and cell lines. We also examined CG expression in a large cohort of 130 patients with ALL via reverse-phase protein array (RPPA). Our data show that CG is widely expressed by ALL and is a poor prognosticator. In addition to endogenous expression, we also provide evidence that CG can be taken up by ALL cells. Finally, we demonstrate that patient ALL can be lysed by CG1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vitro. Together, these data show high expression of CG by ALL and implicate CG as a target for immunotherapy in ALL.
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PMID:Cathepsin G Is Expressed by Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Is a Potential Immunotherapeutic Target. 2942 92