Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Activated DNA-directed DNA synthesis catalyzed by Rauscher leukemia virus (RLV) and other type C mammalian retroviral DNA polymerases is uniquely stimulated by biologically active polyamines. Cationic trypanocides may act as antagonists of polyamine function. As described here, several cationic trypanocides stimulate RLV polymerase-catalyzed DNA-directed DNA synthesis at concentrations significantly inhibiting eukaryotic DNA polymerases. Such stimulation is negated by polyamines. Kinetic analysis of the stimulation of RLV DNA polymerase by three structurally dissimilar cationic trypanocides (Antrycide, Burroughs-Wellcome Compound 64A, and Bayer Compound 1694) suggests that such stimulation is, in part, due to a drug:DNA structural interaction resembling the polyamine:DNA structural complex recognized by the RLV DNA polymerase.
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PMID:Stimulation of Rauscher leukemia virus DNA polymerase DNA-directed DNA synthesis by cationic trypanocides and polyamines. 396 27

The enzyme asparaginase is an important element in the therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). The usual asparaginase dose as prescribed in the ALL-BFM-86/90 treatment protocol for the therapy of ALL is 10,000 IU/m2 at 3 d intervals and had been developed on the basis of the E. coli asparaginase preparation Crasnitin from the Bayer company. Using the described schedule the E. coli asparaginase preparation from the Medac company shows significantly higher biological activity than the Bayer preparation. These findings prompted an attempt to reduce the dose of the Asparaginase medac under careful pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic monitoring. At the first step of dose reduction in ALL treatment protocol I, 11 children received 5000 IU/m2 of Asparaginase medac. Another 15 children were given 2500 IU/m2 of the enzyme at the second step of dose reduction. Prior to each asparaginase dose, blood samples were taken to determine amino acids and trough enzyme activity. Concurrent with the asparaginase monitoring, the coagulation parameters were measured. 96% of samples from the first step of dose reduction (5000 IU/m2 every third day) showed complete L-asparagine depletion (< 0.1 microM), the median trough enzyme activity was 265 IU/l. At the second step of dose reduction (2500 IU/m2) complete L-asparagine depletion was seen in 97% of samples, and the median trough enzyme activity was 102 IU/l. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) depletion was complete in all samples tested (11/11). We concluded that an Asparaginase medac dose reduced from the usual 10000 IU/m2 down to 5000 IU/ m2 or 2500 IU/m2, applied at 3 d intervals, was sufficient to achieve complete L-asparagine depletion in serum. Changes of the fibrinogen levels was significantly less pronounced in the group on 2500 IU.
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PMID:Dose reduction of asparaginase under pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic control during induction therapy in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. 907 6

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) should be classified into subtypes according to the French-American-British (FAB) or, preferably, the newer World Health Organization (WHO) classification schemes. FAB is purely a morphological classification. It does not determine treatment (except M3) or prognosis for the patient which requires cytogenetics. Haematological analyzer had been used for classification of leukaemia in several studies. Neutrophil myeloperoxidase activity (MPXI) can be performed by Technicon H1 (Bayer) automated cell counter. The aim of this study was the statement of myeloperoxidase index and subgroups of AML. In the study of medical records of 72 patients with AML from 2006-7, we found that MPXI was negative in M4 and M5 while 75% of M3 cases had high MPXI values. MPXI level may help to differentiate subtypes of AML.
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PMID:Myeloperoxidase index and subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia. 1953 79