Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Leukemic blasts from a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and peripheral blood T- and B-lymphocyte subpopulations from his genetically identical normal twin were analyzed with the use of the simian antiserum-defining AML antigens and a rabbit antiserum to immune response-associated (la)-like antigens. Blast cells from the patient consistently reacted with both reagents, whereas the B-lymphocyte populations from the patient's normal identical twin reacted only with the rabbit anti-la serum and in no instances reacted with the antiserum to AML cell antigens. Blast cells from the AML patient significantly stimulated the lymphocytes of his normal twin and his own remission leukocytes, whereas the cells from the normal twin failed to stimulate the cells of the patient. These results suggested the existence on AML cells of tumor-associated antigens that are distinct from various other well-characterized normal human alloantigens and differentiation antigens including B-cell antigens. Changes were reported in the expression of leukemia-associated antigens and Ia-like antigens on the cells of an AML patient undergoing chemotherapy as well as in the ability of the simian antisera to distinguish antigens specific for myeloid leukemias from lymphocytic types of leukemias.
 ...
PMID:Human acute myelogenous leukemia antigens defined by simian antisera: evidence for leukemia-associated antigens distinct from immune response-associated alloantigens. 8 33

Freeze-thaw preparations of banded Rauscher murine leukemia virus markedly suppressed the in vitro cellular-mediated blastogenic response of murine splenic lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin-P and to allogeneic cells in two-way mixed-leukocyte reaction. Suppression was shown not to be due to cytotoxicity or to virus-mitogen binding. It is suggested that a virion envelope component interferes with cellular-mediated immunity by altering cell recognition sites.
 ...
PMID:Inhibition of lymphocyte transformation by disrupted murine oncornavirus. 14 63

The clinical and haematological characters and the response to therapy of 32 consecutive patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, aged more than 12 years, were reviewed. All patients were given vincristine (V) and (6-methyl) prednisolone (P) for 6 weeks; daunomycin (D) was added in 9 cases, and cyclophosphamide (C) + D in another 10 cases. 3 patients died during induction. 4 patients failed to achieve remission. 25 patients (78%) achieved complete remission (CR). All of them but one received 'prophylactic' central nervous system (CNS) therapy with cranial irradiation and i.t. methotrexate (MTX) and arabinosyl cytosine. CR was maintained with daily 6-mercaptopurine and weekly MTX. Median duration of CR was of 22 months. 2 patients are currently disease-free and off-therapy, 78 and 53 months after diagnosis, respectively. Blast cell membrane markers were studied in 21 consecutive cases: 3 patients had T-cell leukaemia and 2 patients B-cell leukaemia. Prognostic factors were evaluated basing on the present series of 32 patients, and on further 106 cases reported by others. Age (under and above 40) influenced significantly both the CR rate and the length of survival. In patients aged under 40, a circulating blast cell count higher than 25,000/microliter, or a platelet count lower than 50,000/microliter, negatively affected the survival.
 ...
PMID:Adult acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: study of 32 patients and analysis of prognostic factors. 31 37

Neoplastic cells from 253 patients with leukemia and 46 patients with malignant lymphoma were studied for the presence of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) by biochemical and fluorescent antibody technics. TdT was detected in circulating blast cells from 73 of 77 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 24 of 72 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia examined during the blastic phase of the disorder and in cell suspensions of lymph nodes from nine of nine patients with diffuse lymphoblastic lymphoma. Blast cells from six of 10 patients with acute undifferentiated leukemia were TdT positive, but the enzyme was found in only two of 55 patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia. TdT was not detected in other lymphocytic or granulocytic leukemias or in other types of malignant lymphomas. The fluorescent antibody assay for TdT permits rapid and specific identification of the enzyme in single cells. The TdT assay is clinically useful in confirming the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, evaluating patients with blastic chronic myelogenous leukemia, and distinguishing patients with lymphoblastic lymphoma, whose natural history includes rapid extranodal dissemination, from patients with other poorly differentiated malignant lymphomas.
 ...
PMID:Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase in the diagnosis of leukemia and malignant lymphoma. 34 33

Numbers of B, T and total lymphocytes, monocytes, heterophils, eosinophils and basophils have been examined in the peripheral blood of chickens between 2 and 42 days after infection with Marek's disease virus. During the stage of the acute restrictively productive virus infection of lymphoid tissues at 2-9 days after infection, absolute numbers of B cells, T cells, total lymphocytes and heterophils were increased, those of monocytes and eosinophils were decreased, and those of basophils were unchanged. The lymphoproliferative phase of the disease, from 21-42 days after infection leading to lymphoma formation, was accompanied by an increase in T cells, total lymphocytes and possibly eosinophils, and a decrease in B cells, monocytes, heterophils and basophils. The T-cell increase following infection occurred only in female birds, and there were more lymphomas in females than in males. The increase in lymphocytes in the blood of six birds with leukemia was mainly due to an increase in T cells, but in one bird B cells were also increased. Blast cells and atypical lymphoid cells were increased in leukemic birds. Regression coefficients were calculated between different pairs of leukocytes in infected and uninfected birds at different stages of the disease. Particularly noteworthy were the associations between B and T cell numbers, which indicated constant proportions of these cells irrespective of total numbers, possibly due to a common control mechanism.
 ...
PMID:Sequential changes in the numbers of B and T lymphocytes and other leukocytes in the blood in Marek's disease. 78 60

Blast cell surface markers for T- and B-lymphocyte characteristics were studied at diagnosis in 73 children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoproliferative malignancies. Three distinctive groups of patients were identified on the basis of the analysis of blast cells for surface immunoglobulin (SIg), sheep erythrocyte (sE) rosette formation, and complement receptors, The seven group I patients had monoclonal IgM on their blast cells, morphologic features of Burkitt's lymphoma, abdominal masses, and very short survival. The 13 group II patients had receptors for sE, complement, or both on their blast cells, mediastinal or nodal masses, and short survival. The distinction between leukemia and lymphoma based on the presence of bone marrow involvement at diagnosis is not prognostically useful in this group of patients. The blast cells of group II patients could not be morphologically distinguished from those of the group III patients. The 53 groups III patients had SIG, sE, and complement negative blast cells and could be further subdivided on the basis of while blood cell count. The nine group IIIA patients (greater than 100.0 X 10(9)/liter) had in general short survival, while most of the 44 group IIIB patients (less than than 100.0 X 10(9)/liter) have remained in complete remission. Positive surface markers, mass lesions, male sex, and age of diagnosis less than 2 years of greater than or equal to 10 years appear to be interrelated factors indicating poor prognosis. Elevated while blood cell count is a prognostic indicator independent of surface marker analysis or presence of mass lesions.
 ...
PMID:Prognostic significance of surface marker analysis in childhood non-Hodgkin's lymphoproliferative malifnancies. 79 93

Studies of peripheral blood, bone marrow, and spleen cells from three patients with hairy-cell leukemia were performed. Two of the three patients had well-organized cytoplasmic, ribosome-lamellar inclusions in their leukemic cells. Blast transformation and 3H-thymidine incorporation of lymphocytes seemed to fall within normal ranges when the findings were related to the absolute numbers of lymphocytes. The enzymatic markers demonstrated in hairy cells-strong acid phosphatase activity in endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes, marked alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase reaction, and weak beta-glucuronidase activity-as well as their phagocytosis of latex particles, indicate a common origin with monocytes or histiocytes. No decisive results were obtained by immunofluorescence. Evaluation of the significance of the formation by hairy cells of mouse erythrocyte rosettes, as well as the presence of the typical hair-like projections, may require additional knowledge concerning the membrane of these cells.
 ...
PMID:A study of the nature of "hairy" cells, with emphasis on enzymatic markers. 94 41

Cell membrane antigens associated with the blast phase of human acute leukemia are separable from inhibitory proteins and from histocompatibility antigens also present in the membranes. Since these antigens are not detectable in remission or normal white blood cells, they provide a useful marker for identification of cells undergoing carcinomatous changes. Blast antigens from acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL) are also present on early human fetal thymus cells; antigens from both sources produce cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses and are structurally similar. Blast antigens from acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) are not associated with fetal antigens and do not cross react with ALL antigens. ALL cells possess a larger quantity of CMI inhibitory protein than AML cells. The isolation, purification and idenfication of these blast antigens is a step toward their use in studying cultured and cloned subpopulations of cells thought to be associated with pre-leukemia.
 ...
PMID:Cell membrane antigens associated with human adult acute leukemia. 100 2

Cell membrane antigens which produce delayed skin reactions and are associated with the blast phase of human acute leukemia have been identified and characterized. When patients are in remission, these proteins are not present on their white blood cells. The blast antigens associated with acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL) are also present on early human fetal thymus cells. Blast antigens from acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) appear to have a different structure and are not associated with fetal antigens. The isolation away from blocking factors of purified, solubilized proteins from the leukemic blast cell membranes now permits the possibility of testing to see whether or not such specific antigens will be useful in diagnosis and in immuno-chemotherapy of leukemia.
 ...
PMID:Identification and characterization: cell membrane antigens associated with the blast phase of human adult leukemia. 105 47

Blast cells of 4 patients with acid phosphatase positive acute leukemia were investigated for T and B lymphocyte markers. Nearly all blast cells showed a typical T cell marker, namely spontaneous rosette formation with sheep red blood cells. No surface immunoglobulin was demonstrable on these cells. 3 of these 4 patients showed an enlargement of the upper mediastinum most probably due to the thymus. The conclusion is drawn that the acid phosphatase positive acute leukemia is a T cell leukemia. Some clinical data about these 4 patients are given.
 ...
PMID:[Immunological cell markers on lymphoblasts of patients with acid phosphatase positive acute leukemia (author's transl)]. 108 Sep 34


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>