Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 62-year-old man with aleukemic Bence Jones type multiple myeloma who developed neurologic abnormalities is reported. After admission, consciousness disturbance appeared and a lumbar puncture obtained M-protein. Though brain CT showed no abnormal findings except a punched out lesion of the temporal bone, MRI disclosed remarkable enhancement of the dura mater. Meningeal involvement by myeloma cells without leukemic blood picture is very rare though it is common in other lymphoproliferative disorders such as acute lymphocyte leukemia and malignant lymphoma. We report a case of BJ type multiple myeloma with meningeal involvement due to diffuse infiltration to the dura mater and discuss a possible mechanism of meningeal involvement in this patient.
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PMID:[Bence Jones type multiple myeloma showing diffuse infiltration to the dura mater by myeloma cells]. 756 99

We reported a 15-year-old boy with an acute myelomonocytic leukemia and FK 506-induced leukoencephalopathy. He was received FK 506 for graft versus host disease occurred after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. He, four weeks later, had generalized seizures and consciousness disturbance. The serum level of FK 506 was high (27.5 ng/ml). His brain MRI showed abnormal high intensity areas in the frontal and parietal white matter lesions on T2-weighted images. Neuropathological studies revealed the destruction of myelin sheeths and axons in the cerebral white matter corresponded with abnormal lesions on MRI. There were calcification and mineralization in the small vessel walls of the cortex and white matter. Osteopontin immunoreactivity was detected in the endothelial cells of small vessels. These findings suggest that the vascular damage was involved in the FK 506-induced leukoencephalopathy.
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PMID:[A case of FK 506-induced leukoencephalopathy]. 1186 53

A 79-year-old man was admitted because of consciousness disturbance on August 9, 2002. He had been diagnosed as having chronic myeloid leukemia in 1999, and since then, he had continued to take hydroxyurea (1500 mg/day) orally. On admission, his serum sodium concentration was as low as 119 mEq/L, while urinary sodium excretion was high. Based on the blood picture and lack of hepatosplenomegaly, we considered that the leukemia was still in the chronic phase. Because of normal blood level of the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) concentration and sufficient urine volume, the syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH) was unlikely, and sodium-losing nephropathy was suspected. After discontinuation of hydroxyurea, the urinary sodium excretion decreased and the patient's consciousness became clear concomitantly with improvement in the serum Na level. This patient appears to be the first case of hyponatremia caused by hydroxyurea.
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PMID:[Severe hyponatremia with consciousness disturbance caused by hydroxyurea in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia]. 1510 40

Lesions of the central nervous system (CNS) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have a wide range of causes. Apart from infection, virus, fungus and bacteria have to be excluded. Other causes including involvement of leukemia, toxic encephalopathies induced by chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and vascular lesions must be diagnosed differentially for advanced treatment or follow-up. While ultimate diagnosis rests on the collection of cerebrospinal fluid, it is not enough for essential diagnosis. Imaging techniques such as head MRI are powerful tools for diagnosis of intracranial organic lesions, especially in this setting involving leukemia, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) by JC virus infection and treatment-related disseminated necrotizing leukoencephalopathy. A 50-year-old man with AML, who relapsed three times,progressed to an acute consciousness disturbance and was complicated with multiple CNS lesions. He presented with a vesicle formation on his skin, which was pathologically diagnosed as virus infection 1 week after CNS lesions appeared. He was considered to have systemic herpes infection. In this case, considered judgment with multiple approaches would be needed for diagnosis in some cases of AML with the CNS infiltration shadow.
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PMID:[A case of relapsed acute myeloid leukemia with brain white matter lesions]. 1743 58

A 66year-old man with sustained fever was diagnosed as having acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia. Induction therapy with etoposide and AraC was initiated, but was ineffective. Although fever had persisted for more than a few days, there was no evidence of any infection on radiological examination or culture studies. The patient was disorientated and demonstrated personality change. After a severe convulsive seizure, the patient died. Autopsy findings showed that the leukemic cells had permeated the Virchow Robin space, but without a mass lesion in the cerebral parenchyma. He was diagnosed as having had central nervous system leukemia (CNSL) that provoked sustained fever, consciousness disturbance and convulsive seizure. These findings suggested that the Virchow Robin space plays a particular role in the development of CNSL. Even with repeated cerebrospinal fluid examinations and radiological tests, we were unable to correctly diagnose CNSL before death, which may indicate the intractability of diagnosing CNSL spread along the Virchow Robin space. This case provides useful information about the pathophysiology and diagnosis of CNSL.
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PMID:[Acute myeloid leukemia invasion of the central nervous system, detected only along the Virchow Robin space]. 1857 12