Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Wilms tumor gene, WT1, is overexpressed not only in leukemias and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) but also in various types of solid tumors, including lung and breast cancer, and the WT1 protein is a tumor antigen for these malignancies. In clinical trials of WT1 peptide-based cancer immunotherapy, patients with overt leukemia from MDS or MDS with myelofibrosis were injected intradermally with 0.3 mg of an HLA-A*2402-restricted, 9-mer WT1 peptide emulsified with Montanide ISA51 adjuvant. Only a single dose of WT1 vaccination resulted in an increase in WT1-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, which was followed by a rapid reduction in leukemic blast cells. Severe leukopenia and local erythema at the injection sites of WT1 peptide were observed as adverse effects. These results have provided us with the first clinical evidence suggesting that WT1 peptide-based immunotherapy is an attractive treatment for patients with leukemias or MDS.
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PMID:Wilms tumor gene peptide-based immunotherapy for patients with overt leukemia from myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or MDS with myelofibrosis. 1289 52

We report two cases of an allergic reaction to HCO-60, which is used as an emulsifien for Multamin and enocitabine. A 55-year-old woman with M 4 Eo developed a high fever, urticaria and erythema after induction chemotherapy. After stopping the administration of Multamin, her fever and eruptions subsided. A 51-year-old woman with L 2 developed erythema and hypotension 30 minutes after the third administration of Multamin. When the patient was given enocitabine, she developed anaphylactic shock. During chemotherapy in patients with leukemia, it is important to distinguish the allergic reaction against Multamin-containing HCO-60 from infection and allergies to other drugs.
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PMID:[Allergic reaction against an emulsifier, HCO-60, contained in multamin and enocitabine]. 1293 67

We studied the effects of 0.25% indomethacin (IM) spray as an in-hospital preparation on the pain of stomatitis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in 9 patients with various types of leukemia by measuring the change in pain and the decrease in morphine dose. Stomatitis above grade 2 (painful erythema, edema, or ulcers but can eat or swallow) appeared in all patients as white blood cell (WBC) counts declined after transplantation, and clockwise hysteresis was observed between WBC counts and the grade of stomatitis. When the patients used IM spray for the pain of stomatitis and were judged the grade of pain using a face scale of five grades (0-4) before and after the use of this spray, the mean grades of pain at the maximal pain during the appearance of stomatitis declined from 3.4 to 1.8 (n = 5). Furthermore, the concurrent intravenous dose of morphine markedly decreased during IM spray use. There was no complaint concerning the taste and convenience of IM spray by patients. The risk of systemic adverse effects was considered relatively low based on the small amounts of IM applied to the mouth mucosa. In conclusion, it is suggested that IM spray is effective for the relief of stomatitis pain in patients who have undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and is a useful preparation for immediate self-medication upon the appearance of stomatitis pain. We considered that the application of IM spray will contribute to the improvement of patient quality of life.
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PMID:[The effects of indomethacin spray on the pain of stomatitis in the patients for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation]. 1468 65

Two cases of CD56+CD33+ leukemia/lymphoma are reported. The patient in case 1 presented with skin rash, diffuse lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly. Blasts with monocytoid and lymphoid features were present in the peripheral blood. The tumor cells expressed HLA-DR, CD4, CD33, CD38, and CD56. Cytogenetic analysis revealed del(2)(p13),del(9)(q22),add(6)(q25),add(12)(p12),-13,-18, and -20. The clinicopathologic features were similar to those of blastic natural killer cell leukemia/lymphoma or type 2 dentritic cell leukemia. The patient in case 2 presented with generalized weakness and skin erythema not responding to antibiotics. Circulating blasts with monocytoid features were seen in the peripheral blood. The tumor cells expressed CD7, CD13, CD33, CD38, and CD56, and cytogenetic analysis revealed -5,add(7)(p22),-8, del(10)(p11.2),-12,der(13; 14)(p10;p10),+14,-16,-18,-19, and del(20)(q13.1). The clinicopathologic features were consistent with a myeloid/ natural killer cell precursor acute leukemia. Both disorders are aggressive hematopoietic malignancies that have similar clinical presentation and morphology but differ in immunophenotype and cytogenetic features.
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PMID:Challenge in diagnosis of CD56+ lymphoproliferative disorders: two cases of CD56+CD33+ lymphoma/leukemia. 1527 May 96

We undertook a randomised prospective observational study to identify the true prevalence of dermatological problems on an acute in-patient haemato-oncology unit treating patients with myeloma and leukaemia (median age 52 years), that could be used to plan for optimum dermatological servicing of such a unit. As a snap-shot, beds were randomly selected each week and the patients in them examined to identify the prevalence and identity of mucocutaneous problems for in-patients. Primary endpoints were the prevalence of integument reactions, prevalence and type of rash. Eighty-four leukaemia and myeloma patients were seen on 200 episodes. Integument changes were seen in 88% of episodes. Predictable changes such as hair loss (74%) and mucositis (38%) were seen commonly. Rashes were seen in 38% of episodes. The most common rash was palm and sole erythema (10% of all episodes) which was associated with allogeneic BMT (20%; p=0.0009). Flexural erythema with subsequent desquamation occurred in 4% of episodes, more commonly in males (p=0.09). Drug allergies were seen in 14 of 200 episodes and were significantly associated with antibiotics (p=0.003). Patients' perceived their skin problems as moderate or severe in 19% of the episodes. The impact on resources in the haematology practice was large; 45% of inpatients were receiving topical or systemic skin treatment, in 5% of patients the oncology treatment was compromised, 11% of patients required extra nursing and 3% of patients stayed longer in hospital. This volume of mucocutaneous problems makes dermatological input to haemato-oncology units vital.
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PMID:The impact on resources of prevalence and nature of skin problems in a modern intensive haemato-oncology practice. 1576 84

The prognosis and clinical and biological characteristics of infant leukemia differ from those of leukemia in children 1 year or older. We reviewed the charts of patients younger than 1 year in whom leukemia was diagnosed from January 1981 through December 2003 at our institution. Fourteen infants had leukemia, 6 had acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and 8 had acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The age of patients at diagnosis ranged from 2 to 11 months. Five of 8 AML patients presented with cutaneous manifestations, such as erythema and nodules, at diagnosis. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement was seen in 1 AML patient at diagnosis. Hyperleukocytosis of more than 50 x 10(9)/L was seen in 4 of 6 ALL patients and in 4 of 8 AML patients at diagnosis. All ALL patients showed a morphological diagnosis of L1 using the French-America-British classification system. For patients with AML, the morphological diagnoses were M0 for 1 patient, M2 for 1 patient, M4 for 2 patients (1 with eosinophilia), M5b for 2 patients, and M7 for 2 patients. One patient showing M7 morphology had Down syndrome. Surface markers were examined in 5 of 6 ALL patients and all AML patients. Five ALL patients showed a B-cell precursor immunophenotype. Two of 5 patients with ALL had CD10-positive leukemic cells and 3 of 5 patients with ALL had CD10-negative leukemic cells. All AML patients were positive for CD13 or CD33 or both. Three of 5 patients with ALL showed abnormal chromosomes related to 11q. Six of 7 patients with AML showed abnormal karyotypes. MLL gene rearrangements were seen in 3 (2 ALL, 1 AML) of 5 (2 ALL, 3 AML) patients. Serum immunoglobulin M levels were increased in 9 of 14 patients. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in all infants with ALL. Three patients relapsed and then died of the original disease. One of these 3 patients died after cord blood transplantation. Three ALL patients are alive without leukemia. CR was achieved in 6 of 8 AML patients. Four of 6 patients are alive without leukemia. Infant leukemia patients in our institution had some special features. CNS involvement at diagnosis was seen in only 1 patient and serum IgM levels were higher than those in children whose leukemia was diagnosed at 1 to 10 years of age.
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PMID:Clinical aspects of infant leukemia--experiences of a single institution of Japan: high level of serum immunoglobulin M in infant leukemia. 1641 15

Acne rosacea is a common skin disorder which affects adults, usually women. Erythema, papules, pustules and telangiectases, the main clinical manifestations of the disease are located on the face. Currently opinions dealing with pathogenesis and clinical forms of rosacea are presented. As the clinical picture might be confusing, similar to other illnesses, differential diagnosis with other dermatoses like acne vulgaris, erysipelas, seborrhoeic and contact eczema as well as systemic diseases like lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, scleroderma, sarcoidosis and leukemia were discussed.
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PMID:[Acne rosacea--diagnostic challenge]. 1720 9

A series of 18 allergic cats with multifocal Malassezia spp. overgrowth is reported: atopic dermatitis was diagnosed in 16, an adverse food reaction in another and one was euthanized 2 months after diagnosis of Malassezia overgrowth. All the cats were otherwise healthy and those tested (16 out of 18) for feline leukaemia or feline immunodeficiency virus infections were all negative. At dermatological examination, multifocal alopecia, erythema, crusting and greasy adherent brownish scales were variably distributed on all cats. Cytological examination revealed Malassezia spp. overgrowth with/without bacterial infection in facial skin (n = 11), ventral neck (n = 6), abdomen (n = 6), ear canal (n = 4), chin (n = 2), ear pinnae (n = 2), interdigital (n = 1) and claw folds skin (n = 1). Moreover, in two cats Malassezia pachydermatis was isolated in fungal cultures from lesional skin. Azoles therapy alone was prescribed in seven, azoles and antibacterial therapy in eight and azoles with both antibacterial and anti-inflammatory therapy in three of the cats. After 3-4 weeks of treatment, substantial reduction of pruritus and skin lesions was observed in all 11 cats treated with a combined therapy and in five of seven treated solely with azoles. Malassezia spp. overgrowth may represent a secondary cutaneous problem in allergic cats particularly in those presented for dermatological examination displaying greasy adherent brownish scales. The favourable response to treatment with antifungal treatments alone suggests that, as in dogs, Malassezia spp. may be partly responsible for both pruritus and cutaneous lesions in allergic cats.
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PMID:Malassezia spp. overgrowth in allergic cats. 1784 19

Leukemia cutis is a localized or disseminated skin infiltration by leukemic cells. A 64-year-old man was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation. During the course of treatment with gabexate mesilate, the substance accidentally leaked from the infusion site in his elbow. One month later, a dark red erythema and induration accompanied by severe pain appeared in the area proximal to the gabexate mesilate injection site. The biopsy specimen demonstrated not only inflammation but infiltration of leukemic cells as well. Immunohistochemical staining for intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 showed strong expression of endothelial cells and leukemic cells. We speculate that the gabexate mesilate might have played a role in the induction of leukemia cutis via adhesion molecules in our case.
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PMID:Leukemia cutis originating in the extravasation site of i.v. gabexate mesilate infusion. 1818 73

In this multicenter study, 30 patients undergoing matched related or unrelated allogeneic stem-cell transplantation for leukemia were treated with palifermin, and retrospectively compared to a matched control group. Palifermin recipients transplanted with an unrelated donor showed a significant reduction of severity, incidence and duration of oral mucositis WHO grades 2-4. In addition, in the palifermin group the use of opioid analgesics and the duration of total parenteral nutrition decreased, whether stem cells were used from matched related or unrelated donors. No beneficial influence of palifermin on the incidence and severity of acute GVHD (aGVHD) was apparent. The incidence and duration of febrile neutropenia, documented infections, hematopoietic recovery or overall survival remained unchanged. The most common adverse effects included rash or erythema, generally mild and transient in appearance. Thus, the administration of palifermin was generally well tolerated and safe, and significantly reduced oral mucositis whereas--regardless of donor status--no effect on the incidence and severity of aGVHD was seen.
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PMID:Palifermin reduces incidence and severity of oral mucositis in allogeneic stem-cell transplant recipients. 1850 Mar 68


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