Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report female monozygous twins who developed acute lymphoblastic leukemia at the age of 5 1/2 years. The diagnosis in the first twin was made after pallor, lethargy, and petechiae developed. The diagnosis in the second twin was made two days later when a whole blood count was taken. The lymphoblasts of both patients showed with the exception of the PAS-reaction identical morphological, cytochemical, and immunological results. The PAS-reaction was positive in 55% of the lymphoblasts in one twin, negativ in the lymphoblasts of the other twin. Both patients are in continuous complete remission 14 months after diagnosis. The risk of leukemia is high in the other monozygous twin when one of the twins has already developed leukemia. In the literature it is estimated to be 1 : 5. The diagnosis after the second year of life is rarely made at the same time. There is only one previous report of this occuring in a case of acute myeloblastic leukemia in 4 1/2 year old monozygous twins.
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PMID:[Concordant leukemia in identical twins (author's transl)]. 28 44

A study of aplastic anemia in children in a period of June 1980 to June 1989 was done to evaluate the pattern of aplastic anemia in children. The cases consisted of 55 children, 30 males (54.55%) and 25 females (45.45%). Most of the patients (47.27%) were found in the age group of 10 to 15 years. The complaints were paleness (90.91%), fever (56.45%) and bleeding (52.72%). The hemoglobin concentration was 4.25 +/- 1.17 g/dl (mean +/- SD), and the thrombocytopenia was generally severe. Prednisone or combination of prednisone and oxymethalone was given in addition to blood transfusions, antibiotics and vitamins. The outcome was difficult to evaluate because of the irregularity of treatments. Of the 55 children, 9 (18.02%) contracted leukemia after 1-5 months.
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PMID:A study of aplastic anemia at the Department of Child Health, School of Medicine University of North Sumatera/Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Medan. 178 Jan 64

Thirty-four new cases of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (M3) were diagnosed at the authors' Centre between 1970 and 1988 (19 males and 15 females) with ages between 5 and 73 years (median age, 32 years). Three cases were of the hypogranular variant or M3-v (8.8%). The clinical picture included: haemorrhagic diathesis (85%), pallor/malaise (82%), fever/infection (41%), hepatomegaly (26%), splenomegaly (12%). Leucopenia of less than 5 x 10(9)/L was present in 23/34 cases, laboratory signs of DIC in 26/31, increased LDH, over 400 U/mL, in 6/31, and abnormal karyotype in 7/15. One of the patients rejected any treatment; two others died of brain haemorrhage before therapy was started, and seven died in the first two weeks of treatment. Of the 31 patients treated, complete remission (CR) was achieved in 21 cases (67.7%). Allogeneic BMT was carried out in two of them, with further relapse and death. Post-remission treatment was given to the remaining 19 patients, and there were 13 relapses. Six patients have been in CR, 5 of them after cessation of therapy, for the last 1.5-11.5 years. Age under 50 years and leucocyte count below 5 x 10(9)/L at diagnosis were favourable prognostic factors according to the univariate statistical analysis performed. The survival plateau of the actuarial curve was reached beyond 2.75 years by 15% of all the patients treated (33 cases), 23% of the patients who achieved CR (21 cases), 31% of the patients under 50 years of age and 5 x 10(9)/L leucocyte count at diagnosis (15 cases) and 36% of these last achieving CR (13 cases).
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PMID:[Acute promyelocytic leukemias: clinico-biological aspects, prognostic factors, therapeutic response, and possibilities of cure in 34 cases (1970-1988)]. 218 63

Lymphocytic leukemia and lymphosarcoma were diagnosed in a rabbit with lethargy, emaciation, and pallor. The diagnosis was made on the bases of results of hematologic analysis, cytologic evaluation of a bone marrow specimen, and histologic examination. The lymphosarcoma was identified to be of T-cell origin. Leukemia is rarely diagnosed in rabbits, although lymphosarcoma is fairly common in this species.
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PMID:Lymphocytic leukemia and lymphosarcoma in a rabbit. 221 15

Signs and local symptoms of leukemia in the oral cavity include paleness of the oral mucosa with gingival bleeding that develops into painless gingival hyperplasia, hemorrhages, and ulcerative necrotic lesions. These findings are common clinical manifestations of leukemias and frequently herald the onset of the disease. Because of their clinical importance, all such lesions deserve the full attention of dentists and physicians.
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PMID:Oral manifestations of leukemia. 237 79

Forty-three adult cases of acute leukaemia (AL) seen at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria in the 13-year period 1975-1987 have been analysed with respect to the presenting features, management and outcome. The percentage incidence of AML and ALL were 51.2 and 23.3 respectively. There is a preponderance of male patient (male:female ratio was 2.1:1, 2.3:1, 1.3:1, and 3:1 respectively for AML, ALL, BC and ALSCL). Most cases of AL occurred in the 21-30-year age bracket. Pallor (77.3%) is the commonest presenting feature in AML whereas night sweats and lymphadenopathy occurred in most cases of ALL (80%). The main causes of death are haemorrhage and infection. Treatment is generally inadequate and so the results of treatment are poor.
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PMID:The acute leukaemias in adults in Benin City, Nigeria. 291 1

Thirteen patients with simple monosomy 7 presented with pallor in 11, easy bruisability in five, splenomegaly in four, no infections, refractory anaemia in all, granulocytopenia in seven, monocytosis in three, leucocytosis in four and thrombocytopenia in eight. Peripheral blood and bone marrow findings were consistent with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) type I in three, type II in two, type III in two, type IV in three and acute myelofibrosis in three patients. Transformations to acute leukaemia in seven patients were M2 in one, M4 in four, megakaryoblastic in one and undifferentiated in one. Lack of chromosome 7 in 12-85% of analysed cells at initial presentation of MDS progressed to nearly 100% during blastic transformation. At that time an additional change in the long arm of chromosome 3 was seen in two patients and trisomy 8 in 6% of analysed cells in a third case. The median survival time was 12 months for MDS and 3 months for acute leukaemia. Simple monosomy 7 appears to be largely confined to young children and elderly people.
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PMID:Simple monosomy 7 and myelodysplastic syndrome in thirteen patients without previous cytostatic treatment. 346 39

We reviewed the Tumor Registry for 1981 at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia to identify all the children with newly diagnosed cancer who were seen initially in the emergency department (ED). Of the 220 new patients listed, 16 (7.3%) sought initial care in the ED (1 per 4,500 ED visits). Seven had leukemia, five had non-CNS solid tumors (2 lymphoreticular, 1 Wilms', 1 neuroblastoma, and 1 ovarian), and four had CNS tumors. Among the children with leukemia, pallor (6) and decreased activity (4) were the most common complaints. Duration of symptoms ranged from 4 days to 3 weeks. Physical examination showed pallor (5), splenomegaly (4), fever (3), hepatomegaly (3), lymphadenopathy (3), and ecchymoses or petechiae (2). The complete blood count and peripheral smears were all abnormal. The five patients with non-CNS solid tumors had symptoms related to the location of their neoplasms. The patients with Wilms' tumor, neuroblastoma, and ovarian dysgerminoma had abdominal masses; the patient with lymphoma had a large, painful inguinal node; and the patient with histiocytosis X had an infiltrative rash, gingivitis, and pneumonitis. Of the four children with CNS tumors, three had headache, and one had an incidentally detected scotoma following head trauma. All four eventually had abnormal neurologic exams and computer tomographic scans, but two were discharged initially with psychiatric diagnoses. We conclude that cancer, although rare in children, occurs with greater relative frequency in the referral hospital ED than that predicted by published cancer rates from the referring hospital's ED.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Detection of cancer in the pediatric emergency department. 384 22

Nineteen cases of canine acute leukemia were diagnosed during a 4-year period. Two main categories were identified on the basis of cytologic, hematologic, and clinical features: acute lymphoid leukemia and acute myelogenous leukemia. Clinical features included history of weight loss, anorexia, shifting limb lameness, and incoordination. Physical findings were characterized by hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, mild generalized lymphadenopathy, and pallor. Ocular lesions were found in 29% of dogs with acute myelogenous leukemia. Hematologic abnormalities included anemia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, leukemia, and leukoerythroblastic reactions. Results of therapy were discouraging.
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PMID:Clinicopathologic aspects of acute leukemias in the dog. 385 21

The preleukemic syndrome occurs mainly after middle age. We report 11 patients, aged 62 to 92 years, who presented with weakness, fatigue, malaise and pallor. Eight patients died; survival from the time of diagnosis was between 2 and 21 months. Two of them developed acute myelomonocytic leukemia. A third patient developed Philadelphia chromosome-negative chronic myeloid leukemia within 9 months. Serum unsaturated B12 binding capacity and transcobalamin I were elevated in this patient, preceding the transformation to chronic myeloid leukemia. Five other patients died from sepsis or pneumonia. All patients were anemic, and 10 were leukopenic. Bone marrow was hypocellular in 1 and hypercellular in 10 cases. Chromosomal studies were performed in five patients, with three showing abnormal findings: 47xx, trisomy 8 and a tetraploid karyotype 92xxyy5q-. No cytotoxic treatment should be given during the preleukemic phase until transformation to acute leukemia occurs. Since preleukemic patients are very susceptible to infections, early diagnosis of the condition is important, as is supportive care in the case of surgery.
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PMID:Preleukemic syndrome in elderly patients--report of 11 cases. 385 73


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