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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Jaundice and hepatomegaly developed in a boy with Fanconi anemia after he had undergone treatment with oxymetholone for nine years. A liver scan showed patchy uptake consistent with the presence of space-occupying lesions. After oxymetholone treatment was stopped, the jaundice resolved, the liver size decreased, and the filling defects were no longer detectable on the liver scan. A year later, 5% of his white blood cells showed a consistent chromosomal abnormality. His leukocyte count increased and 85% of these cells showed the same chromosomal abnormality. The rapid replication of this abnormal clone suggests that it was leukemic. The significance of oxymetholone therapy and the occurrence of hepatic tumors and leukemia is discussed.
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PMID:Fanconi anemia. Oxymetholone hepatic tumors, and chromosome aberrations associated with leukemic transition. 625 60

Health conditions were evaluated in 80 electrical workers exposed for many years to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixtures with a 42% mean chlorine content, who had blood PCB concentrations from 41 to 1319 micrograms/kg. The clinical study was based on personal history data, physical examination, and laboratory tests (red cell and leukocyte count; determination of haemoglobin, packed cell volume, bilirubin, serum protein electrophoretic fractions, pseudocholinesterase, AST, ALT, GGT, and OCT). Fifteen workers were found to have skin diseases--chloracne (4), folliculitis (4), oil dermatitis (1), juvenile acne (1), and dermatitis due to irritative or allergic agents (5). Sixteen workers showed more or less pronounced hepatic involvement, consisting most often of hepatomegaly with an increase in serum GGT, AST, ALT, and OCT values. In two workers bleeding cavernous haemangiomas were discovered, in one case associated with chronic myelocytic leukaemia. All the workers with chloracne were employed on electric capacitor impregnation with PCBs, and no definite association was found between chloracne and blood PCB concentrations. Conversely, a significant positive association was found between the abnormal liver findings and blood PCB concentrations, particularly trichlorobiphenyl blood concentrations. The abnormal hepatic findings observed are similar to those reported in experimental animals given PCBs, and in some workers such findings should probably be considered as clinical signs of hepatic microsomal enzyme induction.
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PMID:Occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in electrical workers. II. Health effects. 645 Dec 37

A new essential hypereosinophilic syndrome has been reported in a 53 years old man who presented an important blood and bone marrow hypereosinophilia of unknown etiology since 5 years. The evolution of the clinical course included neurological accidents (hemiplegia, spasmodic quadriplegia, seizures) congestive heart failure, hepatomegaly, transient renal involvement, pulmonary infiltrates with pleural hemorrhage, episodes of diarrhea and fever with weight loss. The cytological study of the eosinophiles showed the existence of abnormal inclusions which were confirmed by the electron microscope. These and cytoenzymological abnormalities led to discussion of the relationship between the essential hypereosinophilic syndrome and eosinophilic leukemia.
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PMID:[An essential hypereosinophilic syndrome. Cytological, cyto-enzymological and ultrastructural studies (author's transl)]. 645 47

A 33-yr-old Puerto Rican women was hospitalized for chemotherapy and multiple antibiotic treatment for relapse of acute myelomonocytic leukemia. While she was already receiving amphotericin for suspected Aspergillus infection, she developed hepatomegaly and abnormal liver enzymes with high serum bilirubin. The blood cultures were negative. Percutaneous liver biopsy revealed granulomatous fungal hepatitis identified by cultures as Trichosporon cutaneum. In spite of the continued administration of amphotericin, with the addition of 5-fluorocytosine, Trichosporon was later cultured from her blood, and she succumbed to fungemia and polymicrobial sepsis.
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PMID:Trichosporon hepatitis. 657 26

The case of an infant with the clinical and haematological features of chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia is reported. The infant presented with a peripheral blood monocyte count of 12,000 cell/mm3 (12.0 X 10(9) cell/L) but no lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, nor splenomegaly. No treatment was given for 14 months during which time the monocytosis persisted. Myeloblasts then appeared abruptly in the peripheral blood reaching a peak of 1,500,000 cell/mm3 (1,500 X 10(9)/L). Cytotoxic chemotherapy was initially successful but the blast soon became resistant and the child died. Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia is usually associated with the elderly and the significance of this case is discussed.
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PMID:Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia in infancy: a case report. 657 63

We describe 3 cases of acute graft-versus-host (GVH) disease in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia following transfusions taken from non-HLA-identical healthy donors. The leucocyte transfusions were given because of severe bone marrow aplasia and granulocytopenia following leukaemia induction treatment. The first patient had an acute GVH reaction with an erythrodermia-like skin reaction all over and associated with severe abdominal cramping, enlarged liver and pathological liver function tests. The second patient had a relatively mild skin reaction and enlarged liver. Both died of severe pulmonary infection. The third patient also had a mild skin reaction and enlarged liver. He died of pulmonary embolism. The diagnosis of GVH of the latter 2 cases was made on skin biopsy. The autopsy samples revealed in all cases a heavy lymphocytic infiltration of the kidneys and liver portal area. Until more precise guidelines can be established, irradiation of blood cell products given to patients with neutropenia due to leukaemia induction treatment should be considered.
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PMID:Graft-versus-host reaction in 3 adult leukaemia patients after transfusion of blood cell products. 658 Jul 18

Fifty-two patients with different types of leukemia [27 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 10 acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), eight acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), four chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and three hairy cell leukemia (HCL)] had abdominal and pelvic CT. The radiographic features are reviewed to evaluate the role of CT in diagnosis and management of these patients. The highest incidence of lymphadenopathy was observed in CLL followed by HCL and ALL. Other findings included splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, ascites, pleural effusion, microabscesses in liver and kidney, and visceral involvement, i.e. intestine, bladder, and bone.
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PMID:Abdominal and pelvic computed tomography in leukemic patients. 659 May 76

A 65-year-old man with acute lymphoblastic leukemia of B-cell origin is described. The patient had many distinctive features including a very high blast cell count, hepatomegaly, hemorrhagic diathesis and a fulminant clinical course. Immunological studies showed the blast cells to have surface characteristics of B-lymphoid cells (IgG kappa). These cells had moderate amounts of deeply basophilic cytoplasm without granules. Most cells contained empty cytoplasmic vacuoles (L3 according to the FBA classification). Autopsy confirmed wide-spread leukemia involving the bone marrow, spleen, liver, kidneys, lungs, adrenals, thyroid gland, stomach, rectum, root ganglia and lymph nodes. This case is an example of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with Burkitt's tumor cells (L3).
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PMID:[Acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia with Burkitt's lyphoma cells--a case report]. 660 24

Using affinity-purified 125I-F(ab')2 anti-human C3, we have investigated the ability of various leukemic cells to activate complement. Lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) activated the alternative pathway, but cells from patients with other forms of leukemia or normal lymphocytes did not do so. The amount of C3 deposited on the CLL cells was significantly higher in patients with organomegaly (i.e., splenomegaly and/or hepatomegaly). Activation of complement by CLL cells as assessed by C3 deposition on the membrane occurred both in vivo and in vitro and was not related to the N-acetylneuraminic acid content of the membrane.
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PMID:Complement alternative pathway activation by chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells: its role in their hepatosplenic localization. 669 44

Indomethacin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent that inhibits prostaglandin synthesis. Administration of indomethacin, in doses which were non-toxic to normal BALB/c mice, to mice bearing the BCL1 leukemia resulted in increased mortality of these animals. This effect was only observed if the indomethacin was administered to animals with advanced disease (splenomegaly, hepatomegaly and leukemia). If indomethacin treatment was initiated prior to transplantation of the tumor or 2 weeks post-transplantation, and continued throughout the disease process, there was no effect on either the course of the disease or mortality. Injection of similar doses of indomethacin into mice bearing advanced B16 melanoma tumors did not result in increased mortality. Therefore, metabolic changes which occur in the leukemic animals may uniquely alter host sensitivity to this non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. The BCL1 leukemia may be a useful animal model to provide insights into the biochemical basis for the adverse reactions experienced by some Hodgkin's disease patients when they are treated with anti-inflammatory agents such as indomethacin.
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PMID:Increased sensitivity to indomethacin of mice bearing the BCL1-leukemia. 674 40


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