Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We evaluated the incidence, timing, and consequences of urolithiasis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). A total of 20 patients with urolithiasis were identified from 2095 patients with ALL treated at St Jude Children's Research Hospital on consecutive protocols between 1968 and 1998. For remission induction therapy, all patients received daily prednisone; continuation chemotherapy regimens differed by protocol with some including pulses of prednisone or dexamethasone and others no glucocorticoid. Patients with urolithiasis were older at diagnosis of ALL than those without urolithiasis (median age, 7.5 vs 5.0 years; P=0.03) and less likely to be black (P=0.03) than white or Hispanic, but sex and treatment era did not differ. Presenting symptoms included abdominal or flank pain, hematuria, and dysuria. All stones analyzed biochemically were calcium stones. The incidence of urolithiasis after completion of therapy was 1.8 per 10 000 person-years. Compared to this baseline rate, the relative risk of urolithiasis was 45 (P<0.01) during induction therapy, 22 (P<0.01) during continuation therapy with glucocorticoids, and 5.1 (P>0.05) during continuation therapy without glucocorticoids. Urolithiasis occurred 4.5 times more often during continuation treatment with glucocorticoids than without (P<0.05). Seven patients (35%) had recurrent urolithiasis. Patients with ALL are at risk of developing calcium renal stones during chemotherapy, especially when a glucocorticoid is included.
Leukemia 2003 Mar
PMID:Urolithiasis in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 1264 42

We report a case of microsporidiosis in a 72-year-old woman presenting with prolymphocytic leukemia. The underlying conditions 7 months after leukemia was diagnosed were pancytopenia and immunosuppression due to alemtuzumab and pentostatin. The patient's status had worsened and she presented with dysuria. Urine cultures for bacteria were repeatedly negative. She was first empirically treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Three months later, urinary symptoms were persisting. Her blood lymphocyte count was 90/microl. Urine examination was positive for microsporidia using modified trichrome staining and Uvitex 2B fluorescence. Microsporidia were also detected in stools. The patient was cured by albendazole. This was consistent with an infection due to Encephalitozoon sp. Concurrently, disseminated toxoplasmosis was diagnosed. Toxoplasma gondii was detected in bone marrow, broncho-alveolar lavage and cerebrospinal fluid. She was successfully treated with sulfadiazine-pyrimethamine. Four cases of microsporidiosis in myeloid leukemic patients have been already described. The present case in a patient with lymphoid leukemia is the first to be reported.
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PMID:[Systemic microsporidiosis and toxoplasmosis in a patient with T prolymphocytic leukemia]. 1904 39

A 71-year-old man presented with progressive dysuria. Several imaging examinations indicated possibility of prostate tumor, therefore he underwent prostate biopsy. This resulted in a diagnosis of granulocytic sarcoma of the prostate. Since bone marrow appeared normal on aspiration biopsy, he was treated with local irradiation. Prostate swelling then markedly diminished and his symptoms disappeared. However, four months later he progressed to AML. He then received systemic chemotherapy and achieved complete remission. We discuss the management of granulocytic sarcoma when findings do not indicate overt leukemia at the time of diagnosis.
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PMID:[Granulocytic sarcoma of the prostate presenting with urinary obstruction which progressed to acute myeloid leukemia]. 1904 89

A 71-year-old man with dysuria was referred to our hospital. The level of serum prostate specific antigen was slightly elevated (4.66 ng/ml), and digital rectal examination revealed a stony hard prostate mass. We performed a transrectal prostate biopsy because malignancy was suspected. Histological examination revealed leukemia-like cells, and bone-marrow examination (aspiration) was performed to determine the location of the original lesion. However, no leukemia-like cells or any other form of malignant cells were identified. Clinical imaging confirmed the absence of any other lesions, and granulocytic sarcoma of the prostate was subsequently diagnosed. We treated the cancer with radiotherapy at a dose of 40 Gy and dysuria improved. Furthermore, significant reduction in prostate volume was confirmed. Four months after initial presentation, the patient developed acute myeloid leukemia [M2 by French-American-British classification]. Induction chemotherapy was initiated, and the patient was successfully induced to complete remission. Twenty months later, the patient showed relapse. Despite salvage chemotherapy, he died of brain hemorrhage twenty-four months after complete remission.
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PMID:[Granulocytic sarcoma of the prostate]. 2094 May 29