Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An adult man presented with loss of weight and this progressed over several months before the appearance of signs of neurologic disease. Autopsy showed histiocytic lymphoma with extensive meningeal spread and dense infiltration of the hypothalamus. This diencephalic syndrome has been reported with cerebral tumor, leukemia, encephalitis lethargica, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer disease, CT of the brain and examination of the CSF may be helpful in diagnosis.
 ...
PMID:Cerebral histiocytic lymphoma presenting with loss of weight. 704 29

The croton oil-derived tumour-promoting agent 12-O-tetra-decanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) exerts pleiotropic effects on the differentiation and proliferation of both normal and malignant animal and human cells in vitro. TPA is mitogenic in nanomolar concentration to chickens embryo fibroblasts and human T lymphocytes and inhibits the terminal differentiation of various committed embryonic cells and mouse Friend erythroleukaemia or myeloid leukaemia cells. TPA induces a terminal cell differentiation in some murine and human myeloid leukaemia and histiocytic lymphoma cells. We report here the effect of TPA on chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) biopsy cells in vitro. In four out of five CLL patients studied, TPA induced the appearance of 90-100% of lymphoblastoid and plasmacytoid cells after 4 days of culture. Under the influence of TPA, 86-97% of the cells expressed with time increasing amounts of intracytoplasmic immunoglobulin (C-Ig) of the same phenotype as that detected on the surface (S-Ig) of fresh, non-induced CLL cells. A parallel decrease in both monoclonal S-Ig density and DNA synthesis of the CLL cells was observed. Electron microscopic studies showed a muturation towards plasma cells. We therefore conclude that TPA is capable of inducing differentiation of CLL cells in vitro.
 ...
PMID:Phorbol ester-induced differentiation of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells. 743 17

The activities of thymidine kinase (TK) isoenzyme 1 and 2 were examined in extracts of human benign or malignant lymphoid tissue and correlated with degrees of morphological differentiation. TK2 activity occurred in peripheral blood lymphocytes of normal individuals, patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, or solid lymphoid tissue, exhibiting either nonneoplastic histological findings or those of diffuse well-differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma. TK1 activity occurred in solid, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma tissue, exhibiting lesser degrees of cellular differentiation, or in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with clinical aggressive chronic lymphocytic leukemia or lymphosarcoma leukemia. In non-Hodgkin's lymphoma tissue, the range of TK1 activities correlated broadly with the Rappaport classification, with higher values occurring in tissue exhibiting changes of diffuse poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma or diffuse histiocytic lymphoma.
 ...
PMID:Thymidine kinase isoenzymes in human malignant lymphoma. 744 15

We investigated the effect of ubenimex on the growth and differentiation of U937 cells, a histiocytic lymphoma cell line. Ubenimex is a dipeptide ((2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutyryl-L-leucine) and an inhibitor of aminopeptidase B produced by Streptomyces olivoreticuli. Ubenimex inhibited the proliferation of U937 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Ubenimex-treated U937 cells showed condensation of nuclear chromatin, increase of cytoplasmic vacuoles and more intense nonspecific esterase staining compared with untreated U937 cells. Expression of CD13 and CD68 detected by monoclonal antibodies My7 and EBM11, respectively, was enhanced by ubenimex, but the expression of CD4 detected by MT310 was significantly decreased. The effects of ubenimex on U937 cell growth inhibition and enhancement of monocytic cell surface marker expression on U937 cells were reversible when cultivated without ubenimex for more than 6 days. In addition, the bactericidal activity of U937 cells was increased by ubenimex treatment, and was further enhanced by treatment with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). Furthermore, ubenimex augmented the expression of M-CSF receptors by U937 cells and enhanced the tyrosine kinase activity of cellular pp60c-src. These findings indicated that ubenimex inhibited the proliferation of U937 cells and induced morphological, cytochemical and functional differentiation into monocyte/macrophages.
Leukemia 1994 Dec
PMID:Effect of ubenimex on the proliferation and differentiation of U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cells. 752 60

The case of a 44-year-old man diagnosed of a true histiocytic lymphoma who, after autologous bone marrow transplantation, developed leukemia with histiocytic cells is reported. Morphologic, cytochemical, immunophenotypic and genotypic characteristics of malignant cells are described, and the literature about this and related entities is reviewed. In addition, comparison with a recent report of malignant histiocytosis with leukemic involvement is established and its inclusion in the recently proposed subtype of monocytic leukemia with histiocytic differentiation (M5c), suggested.
Leukemia 1995 Aug
PMID:Leukemia after true histiocytic lymphoma: another type of acute monocytic leukemia with histiocytic differentiation (AML-M5c)? 764 29

Fifty-five cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens from 42 patients with suspected meningeal tumor involvement were reviewed. Cytology in conjunction with immunocytochemistry identified 26 CSF specimens as malignant. There were fifteen cases of lymphoma, four cases of leukemia, two cases of carcinoma, and two cases of melanoma. A monoclonal light chain expression was demonstrated in nine out of eleven B cell lymphomas. The three T-cell lymphomas all expressed pan T markers (CD 3) and two the T-helper antigen (CD 4). One patient had meningeal involvement of a true histiocytic lymphoma which was identified by its large atypical cells which were positive for alpha-1-anti-trypsin and muramidase. In four patients with a primary diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, CSF involvement was confirmed by the demonstration of blasts with CD 10 (cALLA) or light chain restriction. Epithelial or melanocytic markers were demonstrated on the tumor cells in CSF from the remaining four patients. In 29 CSF specimens a diagnosis of reactive lymphocytosis was made using cytomorphology which mostly was characterized by macrophages mixed with small mature lymphoid cells. Immunologic evaluation showed that these mature cells were CD 10 negative T-cells and only few specimens contained polyclonal B-cells. The subsequent clinical course of these patients showed no evidence of CNS malignancy. It is concluded that cytology should be used in conjunction with immunocytochemistry to accurately evaluate CSF specimens from patients with possible malignant meningitis.
 ...
PMID:Diagnosis of lymphoma, leukemia, and metastatic tumor involvement of the cerebrospinal fluid by cytology and immunocytochemistry. 778 40

The comparative susceptibility of lymphocyte subsets, monocytes and polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) to killing by murine perforin was measured using physical separation techniques, cell-surface phenotyping and scatter characteristics to isolate cell types, together with propidium iodide (PI) uptake as a measure of cell death. In the majority of individuals, PMN were more resistant to perforin than other peripheral blood cells including natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ lymphocytes. Among the lymphocytes, CD4+ cells were the most susceptible subset, followed by CD19+, CD8+ and CD56+ lymphocytes respectively. The human promyelocytic leukaemia cell line, HL-60, and the human histiocytic lymphoma cell line, U937, were readily killed by perforin. When HL-60 were differentiated to either macrophage- or neutrophil-like end cells, and U937 differentiated to macrophage-like end cells, there was no difference between differentiated and undifferentiated cells in their relative susceptibility to perforin. The relative resistance of PMN to perforin may be important in protecting them from damage in in vivo situations where both NK cells and neutrophils are localized in the same inflammatory areas.
 ...
PMID:Comparative susceptibility of peripheral blood leucocytes and related cell lines to killing by T-cell perforin. 783 17

We encountered a patient with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (Ki-1 lymphoma) that originated in the stomach and showed histiocytic lymphoma-like morphology. CD43 antigen was positive, and rearrangement of TCR-beta gene was observed. The lymphoma was the T-cell type. Though no atypical lymphocytes or histological images specific to adult T-cell leukemia were observed, clonal integration of HTLV-1 proviral DNA was noted. Viruses such as HTLV-1 appear to be involved in the development of some anaplastic large cell lymphomas.
Leukemia 1994 Mar
PMID:A patient with anaplastic large cell lymphoma (Ki-1 lymphoma) showing clonal integration of HTLV-1 proviral DNA. 812 56

Two new analogs of 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D3 (calcitriol, DHCC), the active metabolite of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol (D3) are less active on calcium metabolism and less toxic than (DHCC). They had increased differentiation-inducing activity towards normal on human myeloblastic leukemia cell line HL-60 and on histiocytic lymphoma cell line U-937 consisting of monoblastoid cells. 1,2 tetradeconyl phorbol 1, 3 acetate (TPA) was used as a positive control in these experiments.
 ...
PMID:Differentiation of neoplastic cells toward normal induced by vitamin D3 derivatives. 820 25

Little is known about the precise ways in which monocytes and macrophages recognize tumor cells and how they exert their cytolytic and/or cytostatic effects. By a functional, morphologic, and flow-cytometric approach, we have studied monocyte/macrophage- and cytokine-mediated cytotoxicity against U937 cells, a human histiocytic lymphoma cell line. A rapid decrease in cell viability of U937 cells (MTT assay) could be observed at an effector-to-target cell (E:T) ratio of 10 in the presence of interferon (IFN)-gamma-activated monocytes. Light and electron microscopic examination showed the characteristic features of apoptosis of U937 cells after incubation with either monocytes or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis (10(4) U/mL) as measured by multiparameter flow cytometry (propidium iodide [PI]) paralleled the functional decrease in cell viability (MTT assay) of 20 +/- 3% after 24 hours up to a maximum of 50 +/- 4% after 48 hours. Apoptosis could be confirmed by the detection of DNA degradation into multiples of 200-bp subunits by agarose gel electrophoresis. After prolonged incubation times, monocyte-mediated leukemic cell death could be quantified as apoptosis by flow cytometry, whereas no decrease in net cell viability of tumor cells relative to the initial cell number could be observed by MTT spectrophotometry. In conclusion, our data provide evidence that apoptosis is the major mode of TNF-alpha-dependent monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity against U937 cells. Furthermore, multiparameter flow-cytometric analysis offers a sensitive method to quantify cytokine- and cell-induced apoptosis in leukemia.
 ...
PMID:Apoptosis in tumor necrosis factor-alpha-dependent, monocyte-mediated leukemic cell death: a functional, morphologic, and flow-cytometric analysis. 824 65


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>