Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chloroma cells, which were shown to contain the X and Y chromosomes, were used to induce Shay chloroleukemia (SCL) in female recipients. Karyotype analyses of leukemic myeloblasts which appeared in the peripheral blood of the female recipients during blast crisis demonstrated invariably the presence of the X and Y chromosomes. These results directly demonstrate that transmission of SCL is the result of donor cell colonization and therefore SCL can be considered a true transplantable leukemia. Reports by other workers of viral association with this disease are discussed in light of our results.
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PMID:Chromosomal evidence for the transplantability of the Shay chloroleukemia. 28 54

The clinical and epidemiological features of haemopoietic malignancies in Ibadan have been evaluated in this preliminary analysis on findings on 113 patients seen at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, from July 1978 to June 1981. Twenty-seven patients had acute myelogenous (AML), twenty-two acute lymphoblastic (ALL), thirty-one chronic myelocytic (AML), thirty-one chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), two had polycythaemia rubra vera (PRV) and one myelofibrosis (MF). Incidence rates (IR) of 0.9 X 10(-5) and 1.9 X 10(-5) were estimated for acute leukemia (AL) and all leukemia subtypes respectively. Chloroma occurred frequently in association with AML especially in childhood, and CLL in elderly patients (greater than 50 years) and ALL appeared to manifest unusually aggressive features in spite of apparently adequate chemotherapy. Some of these clinical and epidemiological features suggest deviant biology of some haemopoietic malignancies in Ibadan.
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PMID:Neoplastic diseases of the haemopoietic system in Ibadan: preliminary report of a prospective study. 299 46

Acute myelofibrosis is a rare clinical entity characterized by severe marrow fibrosis and peripheral blood pancytopenia. It may be very closely related to and has been considered synonymous with megakaryocytic leukemia. Chloroma is also a rare entity composed of a localized collection of immature myeloid cells and is associated with a known or covert leukemia. A patient presenting with a rare combination of acute myelofibrosis, megakaryocytic leukemia and multiple chloromas of the mandible and skin, are described. Although presenting a diagnostic challenge, their combination in one patient aids in the understanding of the myeloproliferative process. To our knowledge, this is the 3rd case of chloroma involving the oral osseous structures.
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PMID:Acute myelofibrosis and multiple chloromas of the mandible and skin. 310 88

A chloroma is described in the left quadrant of the maxilla in a 4-year-old girl. This patient had previously completed a course of chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukaemia, but had been off all drug therapy and in remission for 1 year prior to presentation. Chloroma is a well recognised, if uncommon, mode of presentation of acute myeloblastic leukaemia and a previous case of chloroma occurring in the mandibular gingival tissues has been reported (Reichart et al., 1984). An unusual feature in the present case is the appearance of the chloroma as a form of leukaemic relapse and as a solitary deposit which is itself uncommon in acute myeloblastic leukaemia. It is suggested that this chloroma was a leukaemic deposit which had spread from within the maxillary antrum or the tissues adjacent to the meninges.
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PMID:Maxillary chloroma: a myeloid leukaemic deposit. 316 92

Chloroma is a granulocytic sarcoma with it's characteristic greenish color. Recently there is an increased number of cases that are apparently aleukemic when the tumor mass is first presented. Recently we experienced a case of granulocytic sarcoma with characteristic green color (chloroma), which showed no evidence of leukemia in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. This patient presented headache, and was diagnosed brain tumor on computed tomography. A left parietal cranietomy was done to remove a large central dome-like mass, 8 cm, involving the dura with a slightly dusky greenish solid appearance. Compact nests of moderately mature granulocytes and immature cells comprised the tumor. Histochemical and electron microscopic studies confirmed these tumor cells as myeloid cells in varying stages of maturation. Several days after the operation, left cervical lymph nodes became palpated, and the biopsied lymph nodes revealed same neoplastic cells seen in the skull. However, bone marrow aspiration, biopsy and peripheral blood smears did not show any evidence of leukemia.
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PMID:Intracranial granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) in a nonleukemic patient. 326 73

Chloroma (leukemic infiltrate or granulocytic sarcoma) is a localized extramedullary mass of immature granulocytic cells. They are uncommon tumors that usually occur in patients with leukemia, mostly of the myeloid type. Involvement in the head and neck region is rare. Granulocytic sarcomas of the face, maxilla, paranasal sinuses, temporal bone, and pharynx have all been documented in the past. We present the first reported case of a granulocytic sarcoma involving the masseteric muscle in an 8-month-old white male diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The lesion resolved with chemotherapy but the patient subsequently died. This case reaffirms the importance of including chloroma in the differential diagnosis of lesions in patients with AML and the prognostic value they hold.
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PMID:Chloroma of the masseteric muscle. 1086 26

Chloroma, or granulocytic sarcoma, is a rare extramedullary solid hematologic cancer that affects many sites, usually in concert with acute myeloid leukemia. It is infrequently associated with other myeloproliferative disorders or chronic myelogenous leukemia. Chloroma of the testis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is particularly sparsely represented in the literature. It is often incorrectly diagnosed as malignant lymphoma, especially large-cell lymphoma, owing to the similarity of the histologic morphology, scanty eosinophilic myelocytes, and no or overlooked history of leukemia. Although erroneous diagnosis is decreasing with the advent of ancillary studies, the diagnosis of chloroma continues to be a nightmare for pathologists. It is thus suggested that an appropriate panel of marker studies be performed in conjunction with clinical correlation and circumspection to avoid reaching a misleading conclusion and improper treatment of patients. We report an interesting case of a 35-year-old male with a clinical history of chronic myelogenous leukemia post allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation and complete molecular remission, who was found to have chloroma of the left testis.
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PMID:Chloroma of the testis after allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation: a case report. 1555 11

Chloroma, also called Granulocytic Sarcoma or Myeloid Sarcoma, is a rare malignant extra-medullary neoplasm of myeloid precursor cells. It is usually associated with myelo-proliferative disorders but its appearance may precede the onset of leukaemia. Chloroma may be found in several extracranial sites. Involvement of the head and neck region is uncommon. Differential diagnosis is often difficult and includes acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, large cell NHL, lymphoblastic lymphoma and Ewing's sarcoma. The case is presented of a maxillo-ethmoidal chloroma occurring in a case of poor prognosis acute myeloid leukaemia, emphasizing the clinical and cyto-histological features and problems concerning differential diagnosis.
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PMID:Maxillo-ethmoidal chloroma in acute myeloid leukaemia: case report. 1645 Jul 77

A chloroma or granulocytic sarcoma is an extramedullary leukemia. It can be encountered at any anatomical location, but until now only three cases have been reported in the cerebellopontine angle. We present an 8-year old patient with an extraaxial chloroma of the cerebellopontine angle to highlight this very rare and malignant pathology in the differential diagnosis of cerebellopontine angle tumors. The presented case, being the fourth chloroma in the cerebellopontine angle, occurred in the absence of relapse which is very unusual for these lesions. Chloroma should be remembered as a very rare and a malignant pathology in the differential diagnosis of pediatric cerebellopontine angle tumors.
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PMID:Extraaxial chloroma of the cerebellopontine angle: case report. 1805 75

Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) typically involves intramedullary proliferation of myeloid precursor cells. Extramedullary manifestations of AML are exceedingly rare, but do occur. Granu-locytic sarcoma, or chloroma, is one example of extramedullary leukemia cells forming a tumorous mass. We report a case of Chloroma in the volar forearm compartment presenting with both median nerve compressive neuropathy and apparent tenosynovitis. Abscess was at the top of the early differential, and the patient was scheduled for operative debridement. However, further evaluation indicated that chloroma was present, thus obviating the need for emergent surgical intervention and necessitating the induction of chemotherapy. To our knowledge this is the first report of chloroma in this location and with these presenting symptoms.
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PMID:Chloroma of the forearm: a case report of leukemia recurrence presenting with compression neuropathy and tenosynovitis. 1974 97


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