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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rearrangement of the beta and gamma chain genes of the TCR gene complex and of the Ig heavy chain genes were examined in three cases of childhood acute mixed lineage leukaemia. Blast cells, classified morphologically as acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in one child and acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia (ANLL) in the other two, all co-expressed markers associated with both T (CD7, TdT) and myeloid (CD33) cells. Cytogenetic analysis detected abnormalities associated with myeloid leukaemia. Immunoglobulin heavy chain genes were not rearranged in two patients but a novel rearrangement was seen in the third. No rearrangement of the beta or gamma chains of the T-cell receptor complex were seen. Acute mixed lineage leukaemia may thus arise from a pluripotent precursor cell capable of both lymphoid and myeloid differentiation.
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PMID:Rearrangement of T-cell receptor and immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in childhood acute mixed lineage leukaemia. 314 5

Acute biphenotypic leukemia is a very rare malignancy of childhood. Hemorrhage is a frequent complication of these patients. An 18-year-old-male with acute biphenotypic leukemia developed massive gastrointestinal bleeding that was thought to be due to thrombocytopenia during chemotherapy-induced pancytopenia and did not respond to conventional therapy. Although the prothrombin time and the partial thromboplastin time were within normal limits, inspired by the success in thrombocytopenia and platelet function disorders we decided to use recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) as a last resort. After using a single dose (65 microg/kg) of rFVIIa on the fifth day of bleeding, the bleeding ceased immediately. rFVIIa may be a novel therapeutic alternative in leukemia or chemotherapy-associated massive bleeding.
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PMID:Successful treatment of massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage in acute biphenotypic leukemia with recombinant factor VIIa (NovoSeven). 1506 Apr 24

Acute leukemia is an uncommon complication of patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET). We describe a patient with ET, who transformed to acute biphenotypic leukemia 4 and 1/2 years after initial ET diagnosis. She had received hydroxyurea, anagrelide, and interferon, in different combinations and varying doses, before leukemic transformation. Acute biphenotypic leukemia was confirmed on bone marrow studies and immunophenotyping. Complete remission (CR) was achieved with induction chemotherapy for acute leukemia. This was followed with consolidation chemotherapy and the patient has remained in CR 9 months after initial induction chemotherapy. To our knowledge, this is a rare event of acute biphenotypic leukemic transformation of a patient with ET.
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PMID:Acute biphenotypic leukemia arising in a patient with essential thrombocythemia. 1682 22

Acute mixed lineage leukemia (AMLL) is a rare form of leukemia in which both myeloid and lymphoid markers are present. Few chromosome abnormalities have been identified associated with this form of leukemia. A translocation involving the long arms of chromosomes 6 and 14 was previously described in four young individuals with acute leukemia and in three of these cases the diagnosis was mixed lineage. We identified a translocation involving the same chromosomes in two additional cases of adults with AMLL. The q32 breakpoint on chromosome 14 is shared by all six cases and five out of six cases also share the q25 breakpoint on chromosome 6. The rarity of the t(6;14) and the AMLL suggests a non-random association between these two events. The near cryptic appearance of the translocation might indicate that its occurrence is underestimated.
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PMID:Acute mixed lineage leukemia and a t(6;14)(q25;q32) in two adults. 1865 90

Acute biphenotypic leukaemia (BAL) is an uncommon haematological malignancy with features of myeloid and lymphoid origin and poor overall prognosis. We report a 68-year-old man who presented with rapidly progressive upper thoracic spinal cord compression secondary to an extradural lesion. A T2-3 decompressive laminectomy with tumour excision was performed. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of acute biphenotypic (B/myeloid) leukaemia. The patient had only minor post-operative improvement in pyramidal lower limb weakness. He succumbed to the disease three months post-diagnosis after failing induction chemotherapy. While central nervous system involvement with acute leukaemia is well recognised, this is the first reported patient with spinal cord compression secondary to this leukaemia subtype.
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PMID:Spinal cord compression as the initial presentation of acute biphenotypic leukaemia. 1981 14