Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The neuropathological findings in 13 patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and with AIDS related complex (ARC) are reported. Six patients presented with neurological symptoms, whereas autopsy revealed CNS involvement in nine cases. Four patients showed neither neurological nor neuropathological abnormalities. The most frequent neuropathological diagnoses were toxoplasma encephalitis (4 cases) and multiple or solitary cerebral necroses (3 cases). Long tract degeneration of the spinal cord was found in 2 cases. Cytomegalovirus infection, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, primary lymphoma of the CNS, infiltration of the leptomeninges by plasmocytoma cells and a solitary metastasis of a bronchial carcinoma were diagnosed in one case each. Subacute leukoencephalitis, mentioned frequently in the literature, was not present in this material. In one case, however, status spongiosus and gliosis was found in the cortex and basal ganglia. As similar spongy changes can be seen in mice infected experimentally with retroviruses, a pathogenetic role of the human T-cell lymphotropic/leukaemia virus type III (HTLV-III) cannot be ruled out. Astrogliosis and hypertrophy of astrocytes were found in nine cases. Morphometrically, the number of astrocytes was significantly higher in AIDS patients than in control cases which were selected randomly on grounds of comparable age. Whether this finding bears some relationship with HTLV-III encephalopathy remains open to further investigation. Glial nodules were found in four cases; according to silver impregnation they were composed of microglial elements.
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PMID:[Neuropathologic findings in 13 deceased patients with acquired immunologic deficiency syndrome]. 359 Oct 34

A majority of ovine lentivirus (OvLv) infections seen on farms develop after long incubation and a slow progression of disease to death but in nature they may also have short latency and cause acute leukoencephalitis and/or acute arthritis and pneumonia in young kids or lambs with exceptionally high mortality. Histopathologically, OvLv diseases may be characterized by lymphoid infiltration, lymphoid hyperplasia with germinal centers and plasmocytosis in the lungs and/or in the CNS, joints and udder. Lymphoid hyperplasia in lymph nodes and spleen, as well as lymphoid infiltration in the kidneys, are almost always seen in advanced cases. In some cases, it shows similarities to lymphoproliferative diseases that are considered malignant. Alveolar epithelial hyperplasia in the lungs is generally also seen, especially in older goats with caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV), and proliferation of these epithelial cells may form acine and papillary structures and in some cases are histopathologically indistinguishable from tumor nodules seen in sheep pulmonary adenomatosis. Because of complexities in the host-lentovirus interaction, cell-associated transmission and extensive antigenic and genomic variation among infecting isolates, control of infection or prevention of spread are problematic by traditional methods and exploration of alternative control strategies employing selection and expansion of animals genetically resistant to OvLv or transgenic for certain viral genes, merits consideration. Interestingly, the pure Awassi sheep breed are susceptible to infection but do not develop the disease, as do European breeds or cross-breeds in Israel, ie they are infected but not diseased. It seems that the local Bedouin black goat breed is resistant to infection of CAEV under natural conditions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Leukemia 1995 Oct
PMID:Characteristics of ovine and caprine lentivirus infections. 747 26

The authors describe the cases of three patients affected by acute myeloid leukemia, in complete remission, who rapidly developed neurologic symptoms leading to death. Neither clinical characteristics, nor radiological or microbiological procedures, allowed an etiological diagnosis of the neurologic syndrome. Post-mortem examination of the brain showed both macroscopic and microscopic findings compatible with acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis. The difficulty in distinguishing this entity from other CNS disease-related complications (e.g. leukemia infiltration, drug toxicity, hemorrhages) should not lead to an underestimation of the true incidence of this complication. We believe that with more attention to the possibility of this complication there would probably be both a greater possibility of collecting clinical informations about the real impact of this dramatic disease and a stronger hope of finding the right treatment for it.
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PMID:Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia in hematologic complete remission. 1018 94