Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A three-month-old developed a deep nodule over the elbow, then two weeks later additional nodules over the trunk with enlargement of the liver and spleen. Examination of the bone marrow established the diagnosis of monocytic leukemia. Acute monocytic leukemia is the most common leukemia in infants. Skin lesions, visible as red, brown or purple nodules ("blueberry muffin lesions") and confluent areas of purpura are common and may occur as the first manifestations of the disease. These skin lesions are not specific of leukemia and other diagnoses should be considered including histiocytosis, neuroblastoma, and skin erythropoiesis (in Torch syndrome, hemolytic disease of the newborn, hereditary spherocytosis, and twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome).
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PMID:[Skin manifestations revealing monocytic leukemia. A case report]. 161 40

Acute monocytic leukemia cells (AMoL cells), obtained by leukapheresis, were cultured in vitro. In response to lipopolysaccharide, AMoL cells produced a large amount of thymocyte proliferation activity. The crude supernatants from AMoL cells inhibited fibroblast growth, in a dose-dependent manner. Upon gel filtration, the thymocyte proliferation activity had a molecular mass of 37,000 and 17,000 daltons, and was heat labile and fairly resistant to freezing and thawing. The fractions containing thymocyte proliferation activity additionally possessed an inhibitory activity for the growth of fibroblasts. These results suggest that AMoL cells may participate in the progress of the disease (leukemia), by secreting these cytokines.
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PMID:Secretion of an interleukin 1-like activity by acute monocytic leukemia cells which inhibits growth of fibroblasts. 196 89

Acute monocytic leukemia developed in a 77-year-old woman about 18 months after a diagnosis of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) had been made. The classical features of PNH disappeared with the onset of the leukemia. Chemotherapy with N4-palmitoyl-1-beta-D-arabinosylcytosine and vincristine resulted in the disappearance of leukemic cells in the bone marrow, during which time intravascular hemolysis recurred and the results of a Ham's test were again positive. The anemia and thrombocytopenia, however, were not improved. The present case report suggests the disappearance of the leukemic cells to imply not bone marrow remission but the return of PNH.
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PMID:Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: termination in acute monocytic leukemia and reappearance after chemotherapy with N4-palmitoyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (PL-AC) and vincristine. 347 90

In a series of 365 consecutive ANLL cases of which 45.1% had abnormal karyotypes, 13 cases were detected with a structural abnormality of the long arm of chromosome 11. Besides one isochromosome 11q, there were six deletions and six translocations. Of these 12 patients, seven had acute monocytic leukemia (FAB-type M5), two had an M4, two had an M2, and one case of secondary leukemia had an M3-like disorder. Similar results with regard to the type of leukemia were obtained upon analysis of 41 cases of ANLL with an 11q anomaly described in the literature. This study confirms that a high proportion of acute monocytic leukemias and a lesser proportion of acute myelomonocytic leukemias are characterized by an 11q anomaly, mostly involving bands q22 and/or q23. Acute monocytic leukemia with an 11q structural anomaly appears to have a poor prognosis.
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PMID:Anomalies of the long arm of chromosome 11 in human myelo- and lymphoproliferative disorders. I. Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. 657 50

Small cell lung cancer (stage IIIB) developed in a 61-year-old woman. She was treated with chemotherapy in which the cumulative dose of carboplatin was 662 mg/m2 and that of etoposide was 2,000 mg/ m2, and with concurrent irradiation in which the total dose of X-rays was 44.8 Gy. The response to chemotherapy and irradiation was very good. Radiation pneumonitis developed after discharge, but it resolved after steroid therapy. Nine months after the diagnosis of lung cancer the patient was readmitted because of bleeding and leukocytosis. Acute monocytic leukemia (M5a) was diagnosed after examination of a bone-marrow aspirate. The patient was treated with chemotherapy, but she died of severe bone-marrow suppression and multiple organ failure 3 months after the diagnosis of acute monocytic leukemia. Although chromosome analysis could not be done, we strongly suspect that this leukemia was induced by etoposide, because of the clinical course.
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PMID:[Small cell lung cancer with acute monocytic leukemia after combined chemotherapy including etoposide]. 923 39

This research study examined the effect of non-thermal portable atmospheric air plasma system on leukemia cancer cells. Acute monocytic leukemia cells (THP-1) were exposed to atmospheric pressure non-thermal plasma. To assess death caused by plasma exposure, cells were subjected to trypan blue exclusion assays and a kill-curve and assessment of death overtime were compiled using data from the assays. In addition to this, DNA was harvested from treated and untreated samples to determine if apoptotic ladders were present. Results have indicated that non-thermal plasma can cause cell death in THP-1 cells overtime, and the death that occurs corresponds directly to the amount of time that the cells were exposed to ionized plasma. Preliminary fluorescent imaging of the treated cells revealed that higher treatment doses are not only more likely to induce cellular death but are likely to induce necrotic death, while lower treatment doses that are capable of inducing death may induce apoptotic or programmed cellular death. Ideally the results obtained from these experiments will allow for further investigation of the effects of ionized non-thermal plasma on melanoma cell lines and will lead to an inexpensive method for treating early stage skin cancer and cancerous lesions.
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PMID:THP-1 leukemia cancer treatment using a portable plasma device. 2235 47

Acute monocytic leukemia (AML M5 or AMoL) is one of the several types of leukemia that are still awaiting cures. The use of chemotherapy for cancer management can be harmful to normal cells in the vicinity of the target leukemia cells. This study assessed the potency of the extracts from lesser galangal, turmeric, and ginger against AML M5 to use the suitable fractions in neutraceuticals. Aqueous and organic solvent extracts from the leaves and rhizomes of lesser galangal and turmeric, and from the rhizomes only of ginger were examined for their antiproliferative activities against THP-1 AMoL cells in vitro. Lesser galangal leaf extracts in organic solvents of methanol, chloroform, and dichloromethane maintained distinctive antiproliferative activities over a 48-h period. The turmeric leaf and rhizome extracts and ginger rhizome extracts in methanol also showed distinctive anticancer activities. The lesser galangal leaf methanol extract was subsequently separated into 13, and then 18 fractions using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Fractions 9 and 16, respectively, showed the greatest antiproliferative activities. These results indicate that the use of plant extracts might be a safer approach to finding a lasting cure for AMoL. Further investigations will be required to establish the discriminatory tolerance of normal cells to these extracts, and to identify the compounds in these extracts that possess the antiproliferative activities.
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PMID:Antiproliferative activities of lesser galangal (Alpinia officinarum Hance Jam1), turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), and ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) against acute monocytic leukemia. 2381 42

Herein we present a female patient aged 61 with Philadelphia negative acute lymphoblastic leukaemia demonstrating near haploid karyotype and abnormal TP53 expression at diagnosis, who relapsed with lineage switch as Acute Monocytic Leukemia post allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Molecular analysis established that both neoplasms were derived from the same founder clone. The leukemic lineage switch phenomenon has recently re-attracted interest as mechanism of leukemic evasion post treatment with chimeric antigen receptor T-cells but there is paucity of data on its presence post allograft or following novel antibody treatments such as Inotuzumab Ozogamicin or Blinatumomab. Our proposition for cancer research is that near haploidy in ALL could be linked to leukemic stem cell plasticity evading stem cell transplantation and other immunotherapy approaches.
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PMID:First case of near haploid philadelphia negative B-Cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia relapsing as acute myeloid leukemia following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 3261 22