Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Complications of leukemia that required surgery in twenty-five patients over a five year interval were reviewed. Sixteen patients with chronic leukemia underwent a total of twenty-one operations with one operative death. Nine patients with acute leukemia required ten operations, with two operative deaths. These patients tend to have specific types of complications that are particular to leukemic patients, and with proper support the majority of these patients can be benefited.
 ...
PMID:Major surgery in leukemia. 120 Feb 78

Anti-CD34 is a monoclonal antibody that reacts with bone marrow progenitor cells and leukemic blasts, and is expressed on 30% to 50% of all acute leukemias. Detection of CD34 has previously been restricted to flow cytometric studies. To expand the utility of CD34, we immunostained 46 paraffin-embedded bone marrow specimens with acute leukemia; results were compared with flow cytometric studies. CD34 reactivity was also evaluated in nine chronic leukemia cases, 27 malignant lymphoma cases (Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma), six normal bone marrow specimens, and three benign, hyperplastic lymph node specimens. All cases that were CD34 positive by flow cytometry (11 of 19 B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases, one of six T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases, and seven of 21 acute myeloblastic leukemia cases) were also CD34 positive in paraffin sections. Both cell membrane and cytoplasmic staining was seen. The positivity percentage and fluorescence intensity by flow cytometry correlated with the estimated number of stained cells and the intensity of immunoperoxidase staining in 18 of 19 CD34-positive cases. The remaining bone marrow and lymph node cases studied were CD34 negative; prominent endothelial cell staining, however, was noted. This is the first report of anti-CD34 staining of acute leukemia in paraffin-embedded sections. In contrast to other monoclonal antibodies reactive in bone marrow paraffin sections with leukemia, anti-CD34 immunoperoxidase staining is limited to leukemic blasts and may provide useful diagnostic information when flow cytometric studies are not available.
 ...
PMID:Anti-CD34 immunoperoxidase staining in paraffin sections of acute leukemia: comparison with flow cytometric immunophenotyping. 137 85

Between 1985 and 1989, eight children underwent two successive bone marrow transplantations. The initial disease was chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in three patients, chronic myelocytic leukemia in two, acute M7 nonlymphoblastic leukemia in one, sickle cell anemia in one, and thalassemia major in one. The preparation in view of the second grafting included high-dose chemotherapy in all patients, associated with antithymocytic globulin transfusion and total nodal irradiation in three patients. Hematological recovery was similar after both graftings. Infectious complications were not more common following the second graft than after the first one. On the other hand, the rates of rejection and graft-versus-host disease were lower, probably due to a more intensive immunosuppressive therapy. The prognosis of chronic leukemia relapsing after a first graft does not seem to be improved by a second attempt.
 ...
PMID:Second bone marrow transplantation in eight children. 146 68

An automated fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay (FMCA) based on the measurement of fluorescence generated from cellular hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) to fluorescein was employed for chemotherapeutic-drug-sensitivity testing of tumor-cell suspensions from patients with leukemia. Fluorescence was linearly related to cell number, and reproducible measurements of drug sensitivity could be performed using fresh or cryopreserved leukemia cells. A marked heterogeneity with respect to chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity was observed for a panel of cytotoxic drugs tested in 43 samples from 35 patients with treated or untreated acute and chronic leukemia. For samples obtained from patients with chronic lymphocytic and acute myelocytic leukemia, sensitivity profiles for standard drugs corresponded to known clinical activity and the assay detected primary and acquired drug resistance. Individual in vitro/in vivo correlations indicated high specificity with respect to the identification of drug resistance. The results suggest that the FMCA may be a simple and rapid method for in vivo-representative determinations of chemotherapeutic drug resistance in tumor cells obtained from patients with leukemia.
 ...
PMID:Laboratory determination of chemotherapeutic drug resistance in tumor cells from patients with leukemia, using a fluorometric microculture cytotoxicity assay (FMCA). 173 May 10

Seventy five radiation-related leukemias (acute non-lymphocyte) in Hiroshima including 16 patients exposed to more than one Gray were cytogenetically examined. Statistical analysis of the data on the frequencies of chromosomal aberrations in survivors according to the bone marrow doses of DS86 estimation revealed that heavily exposed patients tended to have significantly higher aberration rates as compared with non-exposed patients. Furthermore, the chromosomal aberrations in the survivors were observed to be of a more complex nature and had characteristic findings of secondary leukemia. These observations therefore suggest that patients with a history of heavy exposure to atomic bomb radiation exhibit leukemic cells that originated from a stem cell which had been damaged by irradiation at the time of bombing and had been involved in the complex chromosome abnormalities. Molecular biological studies on transforming genes in acute and chronic leukemia and the bcr gene in chronic myelocytic leukemia have been performed in exposed and non-exposed groups. So far, no distinctive differences have been observed in the frequency and the sites of point mutations in N- and K-ras genes or in the rearrangement of the bcr gene, for a final conclusion of the specificity of radiation induced leukemia. Further retrospective studies require patient DNAs that developed in the early period of the atomic bomb exposure.
 ...
PMID:Cytogenetic and molecular changes in leukemia found among atomic bomb survivors. 176 3

Parenchyma of the liver and blood flow in the portal system were studied in patients with acute and chronic leukemias. Ultrasonic investigations of the liver with the use of Doppler's method were conducted in 82 leukemia patients. It has been found that in most cases of leukemia not only the size but also ultrasonic characteristics of parenchyma of the liver are changed. The echo-structure of the liver depends, first of all, on the duration of the disease and chemotherapy conducted, and, to a lesser degree, on the clinico-morphological forms of leukemias. At the same time a rise is observed in the portal blood flow rate that may be compensatory in response to anemia. Pronounced dilatation of the splenic vein and of the main stem of the hepatic vein, as well as an increased minute blood volume in hepatic vein of chronic leukemia patients, are, probably, caused by increased venous outflow from the enlarged spleen.
 ...
PMID:[Ultrasonographic characteristics of the liver in chronic and acute leukemia]. 176 89

A 51 year old man with acquired immune deficiency syndrome for 2 years developed a chronic leukemia/T cell lymphoma. Anti HTLV-1 antibodies were confirmed by Western Blot. In the last months he developed hypercalcemia and leukocytosis of 130,000. Necropsy confirmed the diagnosis of Leukemia/T cell lymphoma without cutaneous involvement.
 ...
PMID:[Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome associated with infection by HTLV-1 virus: a clinical case]. 177 90

Histopathologic diagnosis of the bone marrow in leukemia is usually a supplementary method to the cytological in acute and chronic leukemia. However, for patients with MDS and MPD and with dry tap bone marrow biopsy is very important. Important morphological findings and useful immunohistochemical methods for differentiation and characterization of leukemia are reported and the usefulness of sequential examination of bone marrow in leukemia during and after chemotherapy is emphasized. In addition to leukemia, histological features and differential points of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) are mentioned. The proliferating megakaryocytes differed in size and shape between MDS and MPD. The difference in proliferating rate of the cells examined by PCNA was also useful to differentiate the two disorders histologically.
 ...
PMID:[Histopathologic diagnosis of bone marrow in leukemia and related disorders]. 177 61

Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). To examine the relationship between defective HTLV-I proviruses and clinicopathological features, we examined 95 patients with ATLL showing clonal integration of HTLV-I proviral DNA; 77 patients (81%) showed 1 clonal band, 15 (16%) showed 2 clonal bands, and 3 (3%) showed 3 clonal bands. In addition, the defective proviral form was detected in 28 patients (29%): 23 (30%) of the 77 with 1 clonal band, 4(27%) of the 15 with 2 clonal bands, and 1(33%) of the 3 with 3 clonal bands. The numbers of clonal bands had no association with the presence of defective proviruses. We classified the 95 patients with ATLL into four types according to clinicopathological features (smoldering leukemia, chronic leukemia, acute leukemia, and lymphoma types). The distribution of patients with the defective form was not different among these four types. The HTLV-I genomes must have integrated into the human genome DNA and been deleted partially in the cells. The defective form was kept during the clinical stage. All patients with the defective form showed defect of the gag or/and env region. No patient had a defect of the pX region. These data suggest that the pX region of HTLV-I must have played an important role in ATLL genesis.
 ...
PMID:Defective provirus form of human T-cell leukemia virus type I in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: clinicopathological features. 187 9

The changes of microbial burdens of six patients with leukemia (four patients with acute leukemia; two patients with chronic leukemia) were studied before and after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) under protected isolation. Oral nonabsorbable and topical antibodies were administered prophylactically to all patients. Under a protected environment, genus and species number of intestinal microbial flora were not so decreased in all patients who were treated with antibiotics, but no episodes of severe septicemia were detected due to intestinal microbial flora. From many previous reports, the same pathogen was isolated from both blood culture and stool in the patients with septicemia, however, no septicemia developed in our cases in spite of residue of many intestinal bacteria. These data have demonstrated a significant advantage of treatment with protected isolation and intensive antibiotic prophylaxis through oral, topical and intravenous administration for severe infection prevention.
 ...
PMID:[Studies of intestinal microbial flora in the post-BMT (bone marrow transplantation) patients under a protected environment]. 221 65


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>