Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The capability to form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes (E), antibody-complement-sensitized ox erythrocytes (EAC) and autologous erythrocytes (ARFC), and surface immunoglobulin determinations were studied using 21 lymph nodes and one tonsil with pathologically-proven non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and 10 lymph nodes with benign pathology. Fourteen of 22 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients (64%) had a high incidence of E-rosette formation and they were further differentiated into ARFC-positive and ARFC-negative lymphomas. The clinicopathological findings of the latter were compatible with those of adult T-cell leukemia. ARFC-positive lymphoma was regarded as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of T-cell type and one patient showed lymphoblastic lymphoma with high ARFC counts. ARFC counts were very low in B-cell and non-T, non-B lymphomas. The results from benign lymph nodes were too variable to draw any conclusion, although ARFC counts were relatively high in lymphadenitis and hyperplasia.
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PMID:Clinical significance of autorosette-forming cells in T-cell lymphoma. 660 83

A cell line was established from blood leucocytes of a cow with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The leucocytes were cultured with conditioned medium (culture fluid of mouse cell line L). In vitro cell transformation was demonstrated by adaptation to permanent growth, modification of cell morphology, the alteration of cell surface phenotype, kinetic behaviour and the loss of the euploid stability of the cell karyotype. Ultrastructural studies showed rather a uniform cell pattern in a culture population heterogeneous for degree of cell vacuolization. A wide variation in the expression of surface markers in cells was demonstrated by E-, EA- and EAC-rosetting. In suspension culture the cell population was found to be sIg negative. Expression of leukemia-associated antigens by a fraction of the cultured cells was evidenced by a cytotoxic technique using complement and heterologous antisera against bovine leukemic lymphocytes, absorbed with normal lymphoid cells. Virus-like particles and BLV antigens were not identified. Culture cells failed to show spontaneous or antibody-dependent killer cytotoxicity. Comparison with blood lymphocytes of healthy and leukemic cattle was done. The established culture should be useful as a model for experimental immunology and oncology.
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PMID:Establishment of a cell line from leucocytes of a cow with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 661 86

11 patients with plasma cell leukaemia (PCL) are reported. Diagnostic clinical, haematological, immunological, biochemical and electron microscopical (TEM) data were analysed and compared to the largest series of PCL cases reported in the literature. Special attention was paid to four facets of this disease: (a) the clinical picture at admission; (b) the frequency of PCL; (c) the production of M components in relation to the maturity and type of the asynchronous plasma cells, and (d) the diagnostic problems of this entity of acute leukaemia of the afferent limb of the B lymphocyte transformation. In this series PCL emerges as a distinct clinical entity: patients are severely anaemic, hepatosplenomegaly is prominent, bone lessions are uncommun, but if present are usually non-osteolytic, and the response to treatment with an alkylating agent and glucocorticoid is poor. The diagnosis is difficult since the circulating plasma cells may have morphological features which only allows the diagnosis to be made after the TEM examination. If the peripheral blood of cases of acute leukaemias and immunocytic dyscrasias is routinely examined by TEM, PCL appears to be a not uncommon variant of plasma cell dyscrasia--in the present study it was 11%.
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PMID:Plasma cell leukaemia. Diagnostic problems in our experience with 11 cases. 676 79

Antisera directed against complement (C3) receptors on human tonsil cells were prepared and tested for their capacity to block specifically C3 receptors on various types of human cells. The antisera were capable of blocking both membrane-bound and solubilized C3 receptors of human tonsil cells. The C3b receptors of human erythrocytes and granulocytes were also blocked by the anti-C3 receptor sera. Sheep erythrocyte rosette formation was not affected. IgG-EoxA rosette formation was only slightly reduced by the anti-C3 receptor sera. Immunofluorescent staining with anti-C3 receptor sera revealed only a faint or negative staining of T cells and a distinct staining of EAC-reactive tonsil cells, lymphocytic leukaemia cells, and granulocytes. Absorption of the antisera with human serum proteins, brain, thymus, liver, EU-1 cell line cells, or trypsinized tonsil cells did not influence the capacity of the anti-C3 receptor sera to inhibit C3 receptors, whereas absorption with splenic tissue or tonsil cells completely removed the blocking activity of the anti-C3 receptor sera. Absorption with human erythrocytes or kidney removed only the inhibitory effect of the antisera on C3b receptors of tonsil cells, human erythrocytes, and granulocytes, but not on C3d receptors of tonsil cells. The results indicate that (a) the antisera prepared with the described procedure contained significant amounts of antibody against C3 receptors, (b) the receptors for C3b and C3d differe in antigenicity, and (c) the C3b receptors of tonsil cells, human erythrocytes, granulocytes, and probably glomerular cells have common antigenic sites.
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PMID:Xenoantiserum to human C3 receptors: its preparation and effect on the C3b and C3d receptors of tonsil cells and the C3b receptors of erythrocytes and neutrophils. 699 97

Leukaemic blast cells isolated from bone marrow or blood of 42 children with ALL were investigated for presence of immunological surface membrane markers. By characterization of 5 surface markers (reaction with an anti-ALL serum for demonstration of a leukaemia-associated antigen, reaction with an anti-thymocyte serum and formation of E-rosettes for demonstration of T-lymphozytes, as well as reaction with an anti-Ig serum and formation of EAC-rosettes for demonstration of B-lymphocytes) the ALL cells of the 42 patients could be divided into 5 subtypes: I. 18 patients (42,7%( O-ALL with common ALL antigen II. 13 patients (31%) O-ALL without common ALL antigen III. 7 patients (16,7%) T-ALL with E-rosette formation IV. 3 patients (7,2) T-ALL without E-rosette formation V. 1 patients (2,4%) B-ALL.
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PMID:[Subtypification of acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL) in childhood by characterization of immunological surface membrane markers (author's transl)]. 700 91

Peer, a continuous line of immature T lymphocytes, was recently established from a patient with T-cell leukemia. In the present study antisera elicited in rabbits by immunization with Peer cells and absorbed with B cells were found to react with a distinct T-lymphocyte antigen. Absorbed anti-Peer serum was highly cytotoxic for human thymus cells and exerted a preferential activity on peripheral T lymphocytes. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) surviving exposure to anti-Peer serum and complement were depleted of most of the cells forming E rosettes, whereas the proportion forming EAC' rosettes was increased. Similarly, the depletion of cells forming E rosettes resulted in a concomitant reduction of the sensitivity of PBL to the cytotoxic effect of anti-Peer serum, while the enrichment of E-rosette forming cells had the opposite effect. Anti-Peer serum did not inhibit the formation of E rosettes by PBL in the absence of complement. Absorbed anti-Peer serum failed to exert any cytotoxic effect not only on normal B lymphocytes but also on the CBL and IMB B-cell lines, yet maintained a cytotoxic activity on the Raji and Daudi cell lines. A possible interpretation of these results is that immunization with Peer cells, a line of immature T lymphocytes, leads to the production of antibodies to a distinct antigen expressed on thymus and peripheral T cells. The antigen seems to be absent from normal peripheral B lymphocytes, but may be expressed on a line of pre-B cells, such as the Raji and Daudi lines.
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PMID:Antibodies to human T lymphocytes in xenoantisera elicited with a new immature T-cell line (Peer). 701 84

Three cefoxitin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from stool specimens of a patient with leukemia were either resistant, intermediate, or sensitive to imipenem. Conjugation experiments showed that cefoxitin resistance, but not imipenem resistance, was transferable. All isolates were shown by isoelectric focusing to produce two beta-lactamases with isoelectric points of 5.4 (TEM-1, confirmed by sequencing of a PCR product) and >8.5 (consistent with a class C beta-lactamase). The gene coding for the unknown beta-lactamase was cloned and sequenced and revealed an enzyme which had 99.9% sequence identity with the plasmid-determined class C beta-lactamase CMY-2. The cloned beta-lactamase gene differed from blaCMY-2 at one nucleotide position that resulted in an amino acid change, tryptophan to arginine at position 221. We propose that this enzyme be designated CMY-4. Both the imipenem-resistant and -intermediate isolates lacked a 38-kDa outer membrane protein (OMP) that was present in the imipenem-sensitive isolate. The lack of an OMP alone did not explain the difference in carbapenem susceptibilities observed. However, measurement of beta-lactamase activities (including measurements under conditions where TEM-1 beta-lactamase was inhibited) indicated that the imipenem-intermediate isolate expressed six- to eightfold less beta-lactamase than did the other isolates. This study illustrates that carbapenem resistance in E. coli can arise from high-level expression of plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamase combined with an OMP deficiency. Furthermore, in the presence of an OMP deficiency, the level of expression of a plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamase is an important factor in determining whether E. coli isolates are fully resistant to carbapenems.
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PMID:Carbapenem resistance in Escherichia coli associated with plasmid-determined CMY-4 beta-lactamase production and loss of an outer membrane protein. 1022 37

This paper has shown the cytocidal effects of alcohol extracts of roots and rhizomes of Sinopodophyllum emodi (Wall.) Ying on human erythroleukemia K562 cells, leukemia L1210 cells, leukemia L7712 cells in vitro, using microculture method for 24 hours. The survival rates on K562 cells in the final concentrations of 10.0, 5.0, 2.5, 1.0 micrograms/ml of the extracts of Sinopodophyllum emodi (WA11.) Ying were 44.17%, 47.63%, 64.43%, 79.57% respectively. The survival rates on L1210 and L7712 cells were 42.84%, 50.73%, 63.21%, 75.10%, and 39.76%, 46.36%, 61.42%, 75.24% respectively. LD50 of the extracts singly i.p. in mice was 76.3-60.6 mg/kg. In vivo, the growth of transplanted mouse tumours (EAC, U14 and Hc) was inhibited by the extracts of Sinopodophyllum emodi (Wall.) Ying with inhibitory rates 42.2%, 38.8%, 41.5% (14.0 mg/kg); 37.8%, 33.3%, 35.6% (7.0 mg/kg).
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PMID:[The antitumour activity of Sinopodophyllum emodi]. 1257 13

The differentiation of human endometrial epithelium is a dynamic event, which occurs throughout the menstrual cycle in preparation for pregnancy. The appearance of uterodomes (pinopods) in this regard was first introduced in rodents with an established pinocytotic function, whereas little evidence was available in humans in this context. This study was undertaken to identify the potential physiological roles of uterodomes in the implantation process. To address this, endometrial biopsies from early, mid- and late luteal phases of the menstrual cycle of 23 fertile female patients with regular menses were used. Scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM and TEM) as well as immunofluorescence and immunogold TEM were performed to study the morphological changes and the expression pattern of leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) at uterodomes. Our results illustrated a high level of LIF expression in the human uterodomes, which was colocalized with the well-known biochemical markers of exocytosis, including syntaxin-1, 25-kDa synaptosomal protein (SNAP-25) and vesicle-associated membrane protein-2 (VAMP-2). Our morphological and immunocytochemical findings illustrated a secretory function for human uterodomes for the first time. In conclusion, this novel function for uterodomes provides an important clue in detection of their physiological function(s) during the process of the plasma membrane transformation.
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PMID:Secretory role for human uterodomes (pinopods): secretion of LIF. 1612 73

We demonstrated in previous studies that interleukin (IL) -2 supports in vitro cell proliferation of donor-derived cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) lines directed against different types of leukemia blasts. The aim of this study was to compare the capacity of IL-15 with that of IL-2 in supporting the proliferation and cytotoxic activity of antileukemia CTL cultures, and their influence on T-cell memory compartment differentiation. Antileukemia CTL lines were generated using donor-derived dendritic cells pulsed with apoptotic leukemia blasts, in the presence of IL-12 and IL-7, during the primary culture, and expanded through 2 rounds of leukemia-specific stimulation and 1 round of antigen-independent expansion, each supplemented with either IL-2 or IL-15. Both IL-2-supplemented (IL-2-CTLs) and IL-15-supplemented (IL-15-CTLs) lines contained predominant numbers of CD45RA/CCR7 effector memory (TEM) and CD45RA/CCR7 (TEMRA+) T cells. Significantly higher numbers (P<0.05) of CD8-positive central memory T cells (TCM), and higher expansion rate, together with comparable cytotoxic activity, were observed in IL-15-CTLs compared with IL-2-CTLs. Altogether, these results demonstrate that IL-15 enhances recovery of CTL activity, without loss of leukemia-directed specificity, and favors expansion of TCM CD8-positive cells, expected to exhibit long-term survival and differentiation capacity in vivo in the presence of a limited amount of antigen.
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PMID:Interleukin-15 favors the expansion of central memory CD8+ T cells in ex vivo generated, antileukemia human cytotoxic T lymphocyte lines. 1839 57


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