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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cell structure abnormalties are found in acute leukaemia and preleukaemic states. Studies on bone marrow cells and peripheral leucocytes of 4 patients with idiopathic acquired sideroblastic anaemia showed patterns in cell culture similar to those reported in acute leukaemia: 2 of these patients later developed leukaemia. Other patients with idiopathic, secondary or congenital sideroblastosis showed no such cell culture abnormalities, and none developed leukaemia. Studies such as this suggest that cell culture methods detect altered cellular function preceding overt leukaemia and that these abnormal findings may be helpful in the evaluation of patient groups with an increased incidence of leukaemia.
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PMID:Human preleukaemia cell culture studies in sideroblastic anaemia. 5 87

Clinical, haematological and outcome data were studied in 84 patients with acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anaemia (AISA) from a registry of 613 consecutive myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) recorded by five institutions in western France. Two groups could be identified and compared: 'pure' erythroblastic AISA (AISA-E: 59 pts), and AISA with myelodysplastic features, i.e. dysgranulo and/or dysmegakaryopoiesis (AISA-M: 25 pts). Results were also compared to those of a series of 71 cases of refractory anaemia without sideroblastosis (RA) carried out from the same registry. Dyserythropoiesis was present in 90% of all AISA subtypes, dysgranulopoiesis in 88% of the AISA-M cases; dysmegakaryopoiesis was observed in 44% of AISA-M. Ten patients with both forms of AISA showed high platelet counts. These cases appeared particular in that four of them were associated with a splenomegaly and/or a hyperleucocytosis. They had to be distinguished from myeloproliferative syndromes. Outcome comparison of AISA-E with AISA-M showed a significant discrepancy of survival duration (60 vs 38 months respectively). Progression towards refractory anaemia with excess of blasts or acute leukaemia, was significantly higher for AISA-M than for AISA-E. The risk of transformation increased to 24% for the AISA-M group similarly to those of RA patients (17%). We conclude that AISA must be divided into two categories, 'pure' AISA and AISA-M, because survival duration and risk of transformation are different.
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PMID:Heterogeneity of acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anaemia (AISA). 162 71

The clinical and haematological findings in 131 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), none of which had previously received chemotherapy or radiotherapy, classified according to the FAB criteria, were analysed. The distribution among the 5 subgroups was: RA 31 patients, RAS 19, RAEB 23, CMML 29 and RAEBT 29 patients. There were difficulties in the classification of 24 patients. These included, first, 8 cases with myeloid hyperplasia of the bone marrow (BM) but without monocytosis or excess of blasts of the BM. They were classified as RA. Second, 8 cases with sideroblastosis but with monocytosis or excess of blasts of the BM were classified 3 as RAEB, 2 as CMML and 3 as RAEBT. Finally, 8 cases with absolute monocytosis and BM blasts 15-30% were classified as CMML. 37 of 82 dead patients (45.1%) had transformed to acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia (ANLL). The incidence of evolution to ANLL was low for RA and RAS (6.30% and 12.5% respectively), while it was 37.5% for RAEB, 57.1% for CMML and 77.2% for RAEBT. The median survival for each subgroup was: RA 18 months; RAS 25; RAEB 13; CMML 14 and RAEBT 10 months. It is concluded that the FAB classification with some modifications recognises group of MDS with different prognosis.
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PMID:Myelodysplastic syndromes: analysis of 131 cases according to the FAB classification. 360 54

The myelodysplastic syndromes represent a prognostically diverse group of disorders. Their study has recently been facilitated by the classification proposed by the French-American-British (FAB) Cooperative Group. Using this scheme it is now possible to define more precisely their natural history and clinical relationship to acute leukaemia. Using the longitudinal case control technique, we reviewed the clinical data and morphology of 69 patients (all elderly males) with chronic irreversible haematological cytopenia and dysplasia. Applying FAB criteria we found: refractory anaemia (RA) in 43%; sideroblastic anaemia (RA-S) in 33%; refractory anaemia with excess blasts (RAEB) in 13%; RAEB in transformation (RAEB-T) in 9% and chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) in 1%. The median survival for the entire group was 27 months (RA, 52; RA-S, 29; RAEB, 12; RAEB-T 11; and CMML, 2 months). Short survival was predicted by transfusion requirement and other manifestations of severe cytopenia, as well as by myeloid immaturity. The presence or absence of sideroblastosis did not correlate with survival. Acute leukaemia developed in only eight patients (12%), six of whom initially had RA. Leukaemic transformation was not predicted by progressive cytological immaturity. This study demonstrates that even in the absence of leukaemic transformation, chronic myelodysplasia is a lethal haematological disorder.
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PMID:Chronic myelodysplastic syndrome: short survival with or without evolution to acute leukaemia. 660 68