Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The first reported case of a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, who 14 years after diagnosis developed bilateral symmetrical ear lobe swelling secondary to lymphocytic infiltrates and its management, is presented. The various otologic and specific skin manifestations of leukemia are discussed and the literature reviewed. The temporal bone findings take the form of leukemic infiltrations, inflammation, and hemorrhage. These may present as a red or thickened tympanic membrane, hemotympanum, exudates in the middle ear, acute otitis media, mastoiditis, conductive or sensori-neural hearing loss, dizziness, vertigo or facial paralysis. The specific skin manifestations take the form of nodules, papules, infiltrations, plaques, ulcerations and exfoliative erythroderma. These may present as skin lesions most commonly in the head and neck area, rarely presenting in the auricle and ear canal.
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PMID:Unusual otologic manifestation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 79 97

A previously healthy middle aged man died following a 6 month illness which presented with middle ear symptoms, apparently resolved, and then 2 months later manifested as encephalitis. The illness was characterized initially by depression and intellectual deterioration. No family member or working associate was affected. The clinical diagnosis of viral encephalitis was confirmed by brain biopsy but no virus was isolated in the laboratory. Numerous intracisternal toroidal virus-like particles were demonstrated by electron microscopy in the perikarya and dendrites but not in glia. The particles resemble, but are not identical to, the oncornaviruses associated with spontaneous and induced murine neoplasms. The resemblance of these structures to the intracisternal toroidal type "A" virus of murine leukemia is noted and other possible causes for this atypical meningoencephalitis are discussed.
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PMID:Meningoencephalitis with toroidal virus-like particles. 115 39

Leukemic involvement of the temporal bone is not uncommon and may present in a variety of ways including auricular or external canal skin lesions, red or thick tympanic membrane, middle ear effusions, otitis media, hearing loss or mastoiditis. Symptomatic facial nerve involvement, on the other hand, is extremely unusual. We discuss a pediatric patient whose sudden onset facial nerve paresis was the presenting symptom that led to her diagnosis of leukemia. At the time of mastoidectomy, a granulocytic sarcoma or chloroma was noted to be overlying the VIIth nerve.
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PMID:Facial nerve paresis as the presenting symptom of leukemia. 221 Sep 52

Symptomatic otologic involvement by leukemic infiltration is unusual, most often occurring in the already-diagnosed leukemic patient as postauricular mass, acute hemorrhagic otitis media, mastoiditis, cranial neuropathy, vertigo, hearing loss, or leptomeningitis. We think ours is the first reported patient whose leukemia presented as atypical mastoiditis and facial paralysis due to granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma). At mastoidectomy, tan lobulated rubbery tumor filled the mastoid antrum and middle ear cleft. Complete remission and full return of facial nerve function was achieved with 2500 R local radiation and systemic chemotherapy. We discuss the role and extent of surgery in atypical acute mastoiditis when unsuspected middle ear and mastoid tumor, with inconclusive intra-operative histopathologic data, is found.
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PMID:Acute myelogenous leukemia presenting as atypical mastoiditis with facial paralysis. 658 14

Pathologies of serial sections of 9 temporal bones from 6 patients without caloric response were studied. The patients died of epipharyngeal cancer, middle ear cancer, chronic renal failure with DIC, pancreatic cancer with DIC, multiple brain metastasis of pancreatic cancer, and leukemia. Under light microscopy, 8 ears showed pathologies in the vestibular end organs and the nerves. Possible causes of the lack of caloric responses in the 8 ears were endolymphatic hemorrhage, labyrinthitis, leukemic infiltration in the labyrinth, degeneration or disappearance of the vestibular sensory cells, reduction in the number of vestibular nerve fibers, and/or brainstem lesions. The remaining one ear did not show abnormal findings in the vestibular end organs or the nerves, but the patient had brainstem lesions. Four types of temporal bone pathologies were observed according to the lesion site responsible for the lack of caloric response; i) sensory type, ii) neural type, iii) mixed type and iv) central type.
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PMID:Temporal bone pathology in patients without caloric response. 787 14

This report describes the histopathological findings of the middle ear in patients with leukemia and malignant lymphoma whose middle ear effusion (MEE) was observed from temporal bone specimens. There were 19 patients (35 ears) with leukemia and 8 patients (16 ears) with malignant lymphoma. MEE was observed in 8 of 35 ears with leukemia, and 5 of 16 ears with malignant lymphoma. In 8 ears with leukemia with MEE, pathological changes included effusion containing floating tumor cells in 4 and tumor infiltration around the Eustachian tube in 3. In 1 of 5 ears with malignant lymphoma with MEE, MEE was accompanied by tumor infiltration. Infection was present in 13 ears of patients with leukemia and malignant lymphoma. It is suggested that there are various causes, including infection, obstruction of the Eustachian tube with tumor infiltration and a tendency to bleed, of MEE in leukemia and malignant lymphoma.
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PMID:Temporal bone pathology of leukemia and malignant lymphoma with middle ear effusion. 798 Jan 88

Patient 1 was a 36-year-old male and diagnosed as APL in April 1989, and treated with BHAC-DMP and BHAC-AMP. In January 1990, a diagnosis of exudative otitis media was made, but intractable. In June, left facial paralysis appeared and cytodiagnosis of the discharge from the middle ear confirmed leukemic cells. Otitis media and facial paralysis improved after high dose Ara-C, but developed again 5 months later. The condition improved after high dose Ara-C and irradiation of the temporal bones. In September 1992, he died of recurrence but no aggravation in facial paralysis or otitis media. Patient 2 was a 24-year-old female and diagnosed as APL in July 1989, and treated with BHAC-DMP. In May 1990, exudative otitis media was appeared. In July, recurrence was observed but improved by high dose Ara-C. In October, otitis media was aggravated again, and cytodiagnosis confirmed leukemic cell infiltration. She was treated with high dose Ara-C and irradiation of the temporal bones, then achieved complete remission. Maintenance therapy was continued until August 1992, she has been alive. When exudative otitis media developed during the course of leukemia, cytodiagnosis of the discharge from the middle ear should be performed. High dose Ara-C and irradiation of the temporal bone were effective.
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PMID:[Two patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia whose relapse was noted by cytodiagnosis of middle ear discharge]. 884 3

We present a case of 39 year old woman who developed malignant external otitis (m.e.o.) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa aetiology during pancytopenia after autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). The infection was probably of endogenous origin. 7 days before ABMT otolarygological examination including otoscopy and external ear lavage was performed. Slight inflammatory reaction of external ear was accompanied by the massive involvement of middle ear followed by infiltration of petrous pyramid and mastoid process and finally facial and vestibulocochlear nerve paralysis. Initially the symptoms indicated subarachnoid haemorrhage. Mononuclear cells detected in cerebrospinal fluid as well as CT scan were suggestive of leukaemic infiltration. The latter was negated by immunophenotyping of cerebrospinal fluid cells and MR imaging. Antibiotic therapy resulted in clinical improvement. Life-threatening complications are not frequent after ABMT (transplant related mortality--14/310 (4.5%) in our center). We have met m.e.o. for the first time. At present--13 months after ABMT the patient shows slight symptoms of nerve VII and VIII paresis and remains in complete remission of acute leukaemia. We emphasize the importance of proper preparation of patients for high dose chemotherapy followed by bone marrow transplantation as well as diagnostic difficulties related to pancytopenia.
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PMID:[Malignant external otitis: a rare complication after autologous bone marrow transplantation]. 1094 11

Degenerative changes in the morphology of the stapedius muscle caused by aging using a collection of human temporal bones obtained by our department. The diameter of the muscle fibers, the variance in muscle fiber diameter, the ratios of intermuscular connective tissue and muscle to the area of the bone niche for the stapedius muscle, the number of muscle fibers around the tendon, and the adipose cell count were measured for each temporal bone. In total, 80 temporal bones were examined, excluding specimens with facial nerve degeneration, degenerative diseases, middle ear disease and leukemia. Between the ages of 38 fetal weeks and 9 years, the muscle fibers and thin and the variance in fiber diameter is small. The areas of intermuscular connective tissue, muscle and the number of muscle fibers around the tendon do not change between 38 fetal weeks and 60 years. All of the parameters measured showed no significant changes between the ages of 10 and 60 years. The variance in muscle fiber diameter began to increase in specimens aged 70 years or older because some of the muscle fibers had begun to atrophy. Adipose cells were sometimes observed in very old specimens. In contrast to the tensor tympani muscle, in which degenerative changes begin during childhood, atrophic degeneration of the stapedius muscle as a result of aging begins at a very late age. The difference in aging between the stapedius muscle and the tensor tympani muscle is probably related to evidence suggesting that the stapedius muscle contracts in response to acoustic stimulation.
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PMID:[Degenerative changes in stapedius muscle morphology caused by aging]. 1107 Sep 76

Extramedullary (EM) involvement occurs infrequently in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and usually involves skin and CNS. We describe seven patients (four observed at a single institution) who relapsed in various sites of the auditory apparatus, including the external canal and middle ear (temporal bone). Front-line treatment included ATRA and chemotherapy (six patients) or chemotherapy alone (one patient). Three patients had concomitant hematologic relapse, two had molecular relapse and two were in hematologic and molecular remission when ear localization was documented. Local symptoms that stimulated further diagnostic studies included ear bleeding/discharge in the first patient, but were mild in the others (hypoacusia, five patients; earache, two patients). Ear involvement by leukemia was documented by histological and/or molecular studies after local surgery in five cases, and by CT scan or NMR in the remaining patients. We suggest that the ear might represent a specific sanctuary for disease involvement in APL.
Leukemia 2002 Jun
PMID:Ear involvement in acute promyelocytic leukemia at relapse: a disease-associated 'sanctuary'? 1204 Apr 43


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