Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Short term cultures of bovine leukemic lymphocytes release virus particles with biochemical properties of RNA oncogenic viruses. These particles, tentatively called Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) have a high molecular weight-reverse transcriptase complex and a density averaging 1.155 g/ml in sucrose solutions. Molecular hybridizations between BLV-3H cDNA and several viral RNAs show that BLV is not related to Mason-Pfizer Monkey Virus (MPMV) Simian Sarcoma Associated Virus (SSV-1) Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) or Avian Myeloblastosis Virus (AMV). Rauscher Leukemia Virus (RLV) exhibits a slight but reproducible relatednesse to BLV. The high preference of BLV reverse transcriptase for Mg++ as the divalent cation suggests that BLV might be an atypical mammalian leukemogenic type C virus. Hybridization studies using BLV 3H cDNA as a probe suggest that the DNA of bovine leukemic cells contains viral sequences that cannot be detected in normal bovine DNA.
 ...
PMID:Bovine leukemia virus: an exogenous RNA oncogenic virus? 6 82

Feline Leukemia and sarcoma viruses (FeLV, FeSV) are RNA viruses, belonging to the Oncornavirus group. They possess common morphological, biochemical and immunological properties, with viruses of leukemia and sarcoma already known in others mammalian and avian species. FeLV is widely present in feline population and its transmission is by horizontal way. FeLV and FeSV are oncogenic for others species, i.e., dog and some non-human primates but as far as we know, the human receptivity is not established. A correlation between humoral antibody directed against membran new-antigens and regression of tumors induced by FeSV, led to actual investigations on vaccination.
 ...
PMID:[Feline leukemogenic and sarcomatogenic viruses]. 17 93

Phosphonoformate (PFA), a noncompetitive inhibitor of reverse transcriptase (RT), inhibited feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection of 2 feline cell lines and inhibited progeny virus RT activity in a chronically FeLV-infected cell line. Feline leukemia virus infection of 3201 cells, an FeLV-negative lymphoma cell line, was inhibited by greater than 70% at a concentration of only 1 microM PFA and by greater than 90% at concentrations of 64 to 256 microM PFA, as evidenced by RT activity. However, FeLV antigen expression by 3201 cells remained relatively constant over noncytotoxic concentrations of PFA. Because the persistence of viral antigen expression with concomitant suppression of RT activity appears to be unique and because 3201 cells express small amounts of an endogenous retrovirus (RD-114) and contain endogenous FeLV proviral sequences, a possible role of endogenous retroviruses acting as helper viruses was suggested. Feline leukemia virus infection of 81C cells, a sarcoma-positive, leukemia-negative fibroblast cell line, was inhibited by greater than 50% at a concentration of 64 microM PFA and by greater than 98% at concentrations of 256 to 512 microM PFA, as indicated by suppression of focus formation. The feline lymphoid cell line FL-74 is a large producer of FeLV. When FL-74 cells were cultured in the presence of 256 microM PFA, virus production (virus budding and viral antigen) was not affected, but progeny virus lost RT activity and infectivity. Direct addition of PFA (256 microM) to FeLV also reduced RT activity and infectivity. These data indicate that PFA can directly and rapidly inactivate retrovirus independent of cellular processing, presumably by inhibiting RT.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Prophylactic and therapeutic effects of phosphonoformate against feline leukemia virus in vitro. 172 22

Due to similarities between human immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus, the etiological agents of acquired immunodeficiency syndromes in humans and cats, the feline system was used as a model to conduct preliminary investigations as to the efficacy of the thymidine analogue 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) as a therapeutic and preventive agent against retroviruses. In vitro evaluations of AZT cytotoxicity and its antiviral effects were conducted. Subsequently, 50 6-week-old specific pathogen free kittens were inoculated with a highly immunosuppressive strain of Richard-Feline Leukemia Virus. These cats were randomly subdivided into smaller groups with initiation of AZT treatment at variable times postinfection. All animals were periodically monitored for circulating infectious virus particles and virus-neutralizing antibodies. Their clinical condition was closely followed throughout the 6-week AZT treatment phase and for several months thereafter. The results indicate that AZT prevents retrovirus infection if administered immediately following virus exposure, and may also reduce retrovirus replication if administered to previously infected animals. Some of the treated cats developed neutralizing antibodies against the virus and became resistant to subsequent viral challenge. Future trials with this drug, both for the prevention and treatment of retroviral diseases in humans and animals, are warranted.
 ...
PMID:3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine in feline leukemia virus-infected cats: a model for therapy and prophylaxis of AIDS. 303 3