Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical presentation and autopsy findings in the case of a patient with acute myelomonocytic leukemia and trichinosis are described. Cellular immunity is an important host defense against nematode infections such as strongyloidiasis. It is therefore probable that the severe trichinosis seen in this immunosuppressed patient was more than coincidental. Due to concomitant failure of humoral immunity, serodiagnosis of trichinosis would have been impossible. The only means of making the diagnosis antemortem would have been muscle biopsy.
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PMID:Trichinosis in an immunosuppressed human host. 27 19

A patient with near fatal Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome is briefly described. Investigation for possible risk factors for this parasitic infection disclosed that he was a carrier of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I), but without evidence of disease due to this retrovirus. Over the next few years, the patient's serum antibody levels of IgG to S. stercoralis larvae declined and became undetectable despite continued infection with the parasite. Repeated courses of appropriate treatment cleared the parasitic infection only temporarily. The patient was also found to have undetectable total serum IgE and a negative immediate hypersensitivity skin test to S. stercoralis antigens. Five of six other patients with HTLV-I-associated disease and with or without strongyloidiasis were also found to have very low total serum IgE levels. It is postulated that HTLV-I infection in certain individuals may selectively impair immune responses that are critical in controlling strongyloidiasis.
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PMID:Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection in a carrier of HTLV-I virus with evidence of selective immunosuppression. 847 41

We have carried out a seroepidemiological study on the infectious situation of adult T-cell leukemia and strongyloidiasis in Okinawa and in the south-western islands of Japan. The mean titer of adult T-cell leukemia virus-associated antigen (ATLA) antibody of human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) carriers with strongyloidiasis was significantly higher than that of HTLV-1 carriers without strongyloidiasis. This suggests the possibility that strongyloidiasis is also associated with an elevation of the ATLA antibody titer.
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PMID:Strongyloidiasis influences the elevation of adult T-cell leukemia-associated antigen antibody titer. 175 1

Adult T-cell leukaemia is the first blood disease caused by a retrovirus: HTLV-1. The authors report the first French series of 15 patients, of whom 9 came from the classical endemic areas--the Antilles and outer Caribbean Islands--and 6 from Africa where the serological prevalence of HTLV-1 is high but few cases of adult T-cell leukaemia have been reported. Emphasis is laid on the importance of immunodeficiency (refractory strongyloidiasis, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, polyclonal B lymphoproliferative syndrome) and of other pathologies associated with the retrovirus (polyarthritis, lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia). The authors also describe the presence of adenopathy in healthy carriers: either adenitis suggestive of retroviral infection, or Castelman's disease adenopathy. These clinical presentations are similar to those described in lymphadenopathy syndromes due to the human immunodeficiency viruses. Aggressive lymphomas require chemotherapy, but sooner or later resistance develops, and the prognosis is very poor. The indications for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation are still to be determined. The diagnosis of adult T-cell leukaemia must be considered in all patients with blood disease coming from the endemic areas.
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PMID:[Adult T-cell leukemia and non-malignant adenopathies associated with HTLV I virus. Apropos of 17 patients born in the Caribbean region and Africa]. 214 Jan 59

The cell surface expression of low-affinity Fc epsilon receptor (Fc epsilon RII), which is identical to CD23, and the serum levels of IgE binding factors (IgE BFs), a soluble form of Fc epsilon RII, and IgE were investigated in HTLV-I-infected individuals, and the results were compared with those for HTLV-I-negative controls. The occurrence of Fc epsilon RII+ mononuclear cells did not differ among the blood samples from the HTLV-I-infected groups; however, the levels of serum IgE BFs were significantly decreased (P less than 0.001) in patients with adult T cell leukaemia (ATL), compared with HTLV-I-negative controls. The serum IgE levels were also significantly decreased in these groups, including cases of ATL (P less than 0.001) and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (P less than 0.05), and HTLV-I carriers (P less than 0.05), as compared with HTLV-I-negative controls. Since cases of strongyloidiasis or filariasis are frequently found among HTLV-I-infected individuals in Japan, these results may explain in part their defective defence mechanisms for parasites. The possible involvement of IgE BFs in the development of immune deficiency state in HTLV-I infection is also discussed.
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PMID:Decreased serum levels of IgE and IgE-binding factors in individuals infected with HTLV-I. 214 7

A 43-year-old woman visited a clinic for an attack of bronchial asthma which she had been suffering since her childhood. She was treated with prednisolone which was used for the first time. Two weeks later, she had a fever and her chest X-ray showed diffuse reticulonodular shadows on both middle to lower lung fields. In spite of the use of antibacterial drugs, her symptoms such as cough, dyspnea, malaise and fever increased. It was revealed that she had Stronglyoides sterocoralis in the stool. She was referred to our department for treatment and further examination. Transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) was performed, and cyst of Pneumocystis carinii were histologically detected in the lung specimen. Anti-human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) antibody in the serum was 1:4,096 less than. Typical adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells were also observed in the peripheral blood smear at the rate of 10-15% of leukocytes. The parasite was observed in the sputum too. We diagnosed her as having Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with hyperinfection of Strongyloides stercoralis complicated with smoldering ATL, and the pneumonia might have been induced by steroid therapy (total doses of 500 mg, for 25 days). After sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (ST compound) was used for the Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, her symptoms markedly subsided, and the chest X-ray findings turned to normal by 45 days after the treatment. Thiabendazole was initially administered for the Strongyloidiasis and the parasite temporarily disappeared from both sputum and stool. Then pyrvinium pamoate and mebendazole were used, but the parasite could not be completely eradicated in the stool. We did not treat the smoldering ATL because there were no symptoms. We have been looking after her as an outpatient now, and she has neither symptoms nor signs.
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PMID:[A case of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with hyperinfection of Strongyloides stercoralis complicated with smoldering adult T-cell leukemia]. 221 58

Concomitant strongyloidiasis and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) infection has been reported from areas in Japan where both organisms are endemic. We present four cases of concomitant infection with these organisms from an area that is not endemic for Strongyloides stercoralis. Three of the four patients had adult T-cell leukemia, an aggressive neoplasm resulting from HTLV-I infection, while the other was an asymptomatic carrier of HTLV-I. Three of the patients had spent their childhoods in an endemic location for both organisms, suggesting an initial infection at that time. Three patients were symptomatic from their parasitism. We conclude that strongyloidiasis may be found in nonendemic locations in patients with either adult T-cell leukemia or an asymptomatic HTLV-I carrier state. Whether infestation with this parasite contributes to the leukemogenesis of HTLV-I, as postulated by others, cannot at this time be determined.
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PMID:Strongyloidiasis associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I infection in a nonendemic area. 258 81

A 80 year-old male was transferred to our department on 18th Aug. 1988, for high fever and clouding of the consciousness. He had been treated with steroid hormone (betamethasone 3.0 mg/day for 15 days) for his uveitis. Enterococcus faecium was isolated from both blood and spinal fluid, and then Strongyloides sterocoralis was revealed both in the sputum and stool. Anti-Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 (HTLV-1) antibody was also positive serologically. At first, beta-lactam antibiotics were used for the treatment of purulent meningitis and sepsis, but after performing sensitivity tests for E. faecium, the antibiotics were changed to rifampicin (RFP), fosfomycin (FOM) and ofloxacin (OFLX) for their excellent activity against the organism. After the clinical symptoms, subsided, thiabendazole was used for disseminated strongyloidiasis in daily doses of 2,500 mg for six days initially. The drug was used three times with two week intervals. Both bacterial and parasite infections subsided and no recurrence has been noticed until now. This is the first case of meningitis caused by E. facium complicated with strongyloidiasis.
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PMID:[A case report of meningitis and sepsis due to Enterococcus faecium complicated with strongyloidiasis]. 262 87

Sera from 91 patients with strongyloidiasis in Okinawa prefecture, Japan, were examined for the presence of the concurrent infection with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) virus by detecting the antibody to ATL-associated virus antigen (anti-ATLA). As high as 73.6% of the patients were found to be positive for the anti-ATLA antibody, whereas in 38 Strongyloides-negative controls, the positive rate was only 18.4% A significant increase of OKT 4+ cells and a decrease of OKT 8+ cells were noted among the patients positive for anti-ATLA antibody. A considerable rise of spontaneous proliferation of peripheral lymphocytes and a depression of mitogen-induced proliferative responses were also found in the patients. The increase of background mitogenesis was considered to be due to the concurrent infection with the ATL virus, but the depressed responses to mitogenic stimuli seemed to have no relation with the presence of the viral infection. The possible contribution of strongyloidiasis as a cofactor predisposing to ATL viral infection or leading the virus carriers to ATL patients was discussed.
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PMID:Concurrent infections with Strongyloides and T-cell leukemia virus and their possible effect on immune responses of host. 273 8

In order to clarify the prevalence of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) infection in the Kagoshima district, Japan, a highly endemic area for HTLV-I, antibodies for HTLV-I (anti-HTLV-I) were examined in the sera of 6167 from healthy residents and patients with various hematologic and nonhematologic diseases. In healthy residents, including blood donors, the prevalence of anti-HTLV-I was 11.9% (562/4741 persons). The prevalence increased with age, and was significantly higher in in females than in males (P less than 0.01). The prevalence of anti-HTLV-I in blood donors was 8.5%. In In hematologic diseases, the prevalence of anti-HTLV-I was 98.3% in ATL, 28.9% in lymphoproliferative disorders except ATL, and 10.6% in myeloproliferative disorders. In nonhematologic diseases, the prevalence of anti-HTLV-I was shown to be 29.5% in pulmonary tuberculosis, 25.8% in leprosy, 33.8% in chronic renal failure (CRF), 21.9% in autoimmune diseases, and 47.8% in strongyloidiasis. The various diseases except myeloproliferative disorders had significantly higher prevalence of anti-HTLV-I than healthy residents (P less than 0.01 or 0.05). For autoimmune diseases, the prevalence of anti-HTLV-I in patients with blood transfusion (55.6%) was higher than in those without blood transfusion (8.7%), and healthy residents. In hemodialysis patients with CRF who had received blood transfusions the prevalence of anti-HTLV-I increased with the number of blood transfusions. Therefore, HTLV-I transmission via blood transfusion would partially explain these high prevalence of anti-HTLV-I. However, the prevalence of anti-HTLV-I in hemodialysis patients with CRF was statistically higher than that in healthy residents, regardless of blood transfusion (P less than 0.01). Furthermore, hemodialysis patients showed significantly higher prevalence of anti-HTLV-I than healthy residents, even at a younger age. Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and leprosy showed the same results as hemodialysis patients. These results suggest that possibility that HTLV-I infection has some relation not only to ATL but also to other diseases. Therefore, it seems very important to halt the spread of HTLV-I transmission as soon as possible.
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PMID:The prevalence of human T-cell leukemia virus type I infection in patients with hematologic and nonhematologic diseases in an adult T-cell leukemia-endemic area of Japan. 276 24


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