Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intensive leukopheresis has been valuable in the short-term palliation of chronic lymphocytic and granulocytic leukemias. A 47-yr-old man with refractory leukemic reticuloendotheliosis (hairy cell leukemia) manifested by anemia, thrombocytopenia, elevated peripheral leukemia cell counts, generalized lymph node enlargement, and leukemic infiltrative skin disease was treated with serial leukopheresis. Removal of approximately 7 X 10(11) peripheral leukemia cells resulted in marked clinical and hematologic improvement with resolution of enlarged lymph nodes and clearing of skin infiltrates. At the time of this reporting, more than 400 wk since the last leukopheresis, the patient continues to do well. The improvement in all blood counts, reduction in lymph node size, and clearing of skin lesions paralleled the reduction of peripheral leukemia cell load by leukopheresis, suggesting mobilization of leukemia cells from marrow, lymph nodes, and skin. Removal of large numbers of leukemia cells in hairy cell leukemia has the potential of achieving sustained clinical improvement and may be a useful alternative therapy for these patients.
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PMID:Leukopheresis therapy of leukemic reticuloendotheliosis (hairy cell leukemia). 46 39

Pyoderma gangrenosum is an uncommon skin disorder characterised by deep ulcers surrounded by a violaceous over-hanging edge. Although in many instances there is no clear association with any underlying disease, pyoderma gangrenosum has been described in ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, polyarthritis, diabetes mellitus and myeloma. Pyoderma gangrenosum may also be seen as a rare manifestation of myeloproliferative disease including leukaemia. In children, as in our case, it may be the presenting feature.
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PMID:Pyoderma gangrenosum with large circumferential perianal skin loss in a child. 180 22

Two intravenous drug users dually infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human T-cell leukemia virus type II (HTLV-II) developed an unusual severe dermatitis characterized by progressive brawny induration, fissuring, and ulceration of the skin, with an associated CD8 cell infiltration in one patient. Both patients had persistent eosinophilia. Lymph node biopsy revealed dermatopathic lymphadenopathy, an unusual pathologic finding in HIV-1 infection but one seen in association with mycosis fungoides and other skin disorders. Two new isolates of HTLV-II virus were established from these patients and were identified as HTLV-II by Southern blotting. This type of skin disease and lymph node pathology has not been found in other intravenous drug users who have been infected with HIV-1 alone or in patients in other risk groups for HIV-1 infection. HTLV-II may play a role in this unique new disease pattern in patients infected with HIV-1.
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PMID:Syndrome of severe skin disease, eosinophilia, and dermatopathic lymphadenopathy in patients with HTLV-II complicating human immunodeficiency virus infection. 189 51

Structural rearrangements in the long arm of chromosome 3, del(3)(q12q25) and t(3;5)(q21-25;q31-33), were observed in bone marrow cells from 2 patients with myeloid neoplastic disorders (myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukaemia) and acute febrile neutrophil dermatosis (Sweet's syndrome). 3 of the 4 patients with leukaemia-associated Sweet's syndrome and acquired chromosome abnormalities known from the literature also had 3q changes, in 2 involving band 3q21.
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PMID:Structural chromosomal abnormalities of 3q in myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukaemia with Sweet's syndrome. 222 27

Previous reports have noted an association between Sweet's syndrome (acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis) and leukaemia, and less commonly other haematological abnormalities. We report a previously unrecognised association between Sweet's syndrome (SS) and sideroblastic anaemia (myelodysplastic syndrome--refractory anaemia with ring sideroblasts). Both patients were males and one had prominent extracutaneous features of SS. Bone marrow cytogenetic studies were normal in this latter patient and neither patient showed progression to leukaemia.
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PMID:Sweet's syndrome associated with sideroblastic anaemia. 234 26

Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis is a new neutrophilic dermatosis recently reported in association with acute myelogenous leukaemia and other malignancies, usually occurring during chemotherapy. The authors report two new cases, one of which was a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia who had been treated with chlorambucil for 2 years. The clinical and histopathological features of the published cases are reviewed and the possible pathogenesis of this new syndrome is discussed.
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PMID:Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis--a report of two additional cases. 253 85

Clinical studies have indicated that dietary fish oil may have therapeutic value in the treatment of psoriasis, a hyperproliferative, inflammatory skin disorder characterized by elevated LTB4. To evolve a possible mechanism for these beneficial effects, we determined the metabolic fate of fish oil derived n-3 fatty acids in the skin. Specifically, we incubated guinea pig epidermal enzyme preparations with [3H]eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3) and [14C]docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 n-3). Analyses of the radiometabolites revealed the transformation of these n-3 fatty acids into n-6 lipoxygenase (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) products: 15-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (15-HEPE) and 17-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (17-HDHE), respectively. Since 15-lipoxygenase products have been suggested as possible endogenous inhibitors of 5-lipoxygenase (an enzyme which catalyzes the formation of LTB4) we tested the ability of 15-HEPE and 17-HDHE in vitro to inhibit the activity of the 5-lipoxygenase. Incubations of these metabolites with enzyme preparations from rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-1) cells demonstrated that 15-HEPE (IC50 = 28 microM) and 17-HDHE (IC50 = 25 microM) are respectively potent inhibitors of RBL-I-5-lipoxygenase. The inhibitory potential of these fish oil metabolites provides a possible mechanism by which fish oil might act to decrease local cutaneous levels of LTB4, and thereby alleviate psoriatic symptoms.
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PMID:Guinea pig epidermis generates putative anti-inflammatory metabolites from fish oil polyunsaturated fatty acids. 255 81

Three patients with acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (AFND, Sweet's syndrome) in association with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are described and, in addition, another 10 published cases are reviewed. In the reviewed patients the male/female ratio is 2:1. The great majority of the patients had decreased or normal leucocyte counts at the time the syndrome developed. Chromosome analysis was available in eight cases: in three the karyotype was normal while five patients had a clonal abnormality. No clinical or laboratory parameters seemed to predict the response to steroids: all but one of the treated patients responded promptly. Moreover, three patients recovered spontaneously. Shortly after the appearance of Sweet's syndrome nine patients developed acute leukaemia and one patient died with hypoplasia. Development of Sweet's syndrome in association with MDS may not be an uncommon clinical finding. The occasional MDS patient developing AFND will often progress into acute leukaemia and thus the occurrence of AFND warrants a bone marrow examination and close follow-up of the patient.
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PMID:Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (Sweet's syndrome) in association with myelodysplastic syndromes: a report of three cases and a review of the literature. 267 62

The coexistence of a T-cell lymphoma with a myelodysplatic syndrome seems to be exceptional. In the case reported here the diagnostic problems raised by the appearance of cutaneous nodules in a patient with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) were solved by histo-immunological examinations. A 70-year old male patient had been presenting since 1976 with a psoriasis-like skin disease. He was first seen at the Argenteuil hospital in 1984. Physical examination showed psoriasiform finger-like erythemato-squamous lesions, infiltrated plaques and an ulcerated tumoral swelling of the right elbow. A diagnosis of mycosis fungoides was made on histological and immunological examination results. At histology, this epidermotropic lymphoma was peculiar in that the atypical infiltrate was clearly centred on vessels. Electron microscopy confirmed that the vascular walls were invaded by the mycosis cells. Additional examinations showed hyperleucocytosis and myelaemia which were rapidly attributed to a chronic myelocytic leukaemia since the Philadelphia chromosome was present and the leucocytes had a low alkaline phosphatase score. Bone marrow biopsy disclosed a myeloproliferative syndrome of the CML type. Biopsy of a right axillary lymph node showed myelocytic infiltration associated with dermopathic lymphadenitis. There were no circulating Sezary cells, and a search for extension proved negative. From May, 1984 to June, 1985 the patient's CML was treated with busulfan which produced blood and bone marrow remission. The skin lesions were treated first with mechlorethamine, then with topical corticosteroids. Superficial electron therapy was applied to the tumoral lesions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A combination of mycosis fungoides and chronic myeloid leukemia. Apropos of a case]. 326 Jul 64

Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis is a rare but distinct dermatosis that has recently been described in adults with acute myelogenous leukemia. We report the first pediatric case in an 11-year-old girl with acute myelomonocytic leukemia who developed this eruption following her first and second course of VAPA-10 induction chemotherapy. Skin biopsy revealed selective neutrophilic infiltration around the eccrine coils, which is characteristic of this dermatosis. The clinical and biopsy findings of our patient are presented and compared with the previous three reported cases.
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PMID:Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis in acute myelomonocytic leukemia. 347 26


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