Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Crusted (Norwegian) scabies occurred in a patient with adult T-cell leukemia. It was not noted at the time of hospital admission. Scabies should be included among the opportunistic pathogens in immunocompromised hosts.
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PMID:Crusted (Norwegian) scabies with adult T-cell leukemia. 387 1

A typical case of norwegian scabies is reported in a patient with diabetes and chronic lymphoid leukaemia under immunosuppressive therapy. Clinical differential diagnosis, diagnosis procedures, and frequent development of an epidemic of common scabies in contacts are emphasized.
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PMID:[Norwegian scabies]. 390 May 99

Scabies and pediculosis are ubiquitous, contagious, and debilitating parasitic dermatoses. They have been known since antiquity and are distributed worldwide. Clusters of infestation occur-for example, scabies affecting immunocompromised individuals or patients and staff in hospitals and nursing homes for the elderly, and pediculosis affecting schoolchildren or homeless people. Associations with other disorders are common: infections with human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus I (HTLV-I) and HIV are associated with scabies, and trench fever and exanthematous typhus with pediculosis. Specific forms of scabies, including bullous scabies or localised crusted scabies, may be misdiagnosed. Moreover, definitive parasitic diagnosis can be difficult to obtain, and the value of new techniques remains to be confirmed. Difficulties in management have returned scabies and pediculosis to the limelight.
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PMID:Scabies and pediculosis. 1090 66

HTLV-1 infection is endemic in several Latin American countries. HTLV-1-associated myelophathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma (ATLL) are emerging diseases in the region. Documented risk factors for acquiring the virus include breast-feeding, contaminated blood transfusion, and sexual intercourse, all of which are amenable to prevention efforts. Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection syndrome and therapeutic failure in apparently healthy patients with nondisseminated strongyloidiasis may be markers of HTLV-1 infection. HTLV-1 co-infection may adversely effect the clinical course of scabies and HIV disease. The new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) are sensitive and specific, and Western blot technology is reliable for differentiating HTLV-1 from less common HTLV-2. HTLV-1 screening of blood donors and individuals with any disorder that suggests infection has become a necessity in Latin America to prevent the spread of this important emerging pathogen.
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PMID:Human T-cell lymphotropic virus-I in Latin America. 1073 80

Crusted (Norwegian) scabies is described in a patient with smoldering adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). The patient is an 84-year-old Japanese woman who presented with widespread scaling over the trunk and limbs and crusted lesions on the scalp and ears. Microscopical examination of scrapings from the scalp and ears showed extraordinarily large numbers of scabies mites. The white blood cell count was 5.1 x 10(9)/L with 6% abnormal lymphocytes with mature nuclei that showed convolution and lobulation. Anti-HTLV-I antibodies were positive. Southern blot analysis revealed that the cellular DNA extracted from this patient's peripheral blood cells, digested with Pst I, showed the same pattern of provirus genome as the DNA from ATL patients. A diagnosis of crusted scabies with smoldering ATL was made. It is possible that crusted scabies could be an opportunistic infection and a pre-diagnostic sign of ATL.
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PMID:Crusted (Norwegian) scabies in a patient with smoldering adult T-cell leukemia. 1109 75

We report on a 34-year-old refugee from the Balkans presenting with a generalized papular rash during induction chemotherapy for acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML M4eo). This rash appeared on day 5 of the chemotherapy and was diagnosed as disseminated scabies. It was successfully treated with a combination of oral ivermectin and topical lindane. Scabies disappeared completely despite ongoing neutropenia and other severe infectious complications. Disseminated scabies should be included in the differential diagnosis of rash in severely immunosuppressed patients coming from poor housing conditions.
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PMID:Disseminated scabies evolving in a patient undergoing induction chemotherapy for acute myeloblastic leukaemia. 1126 22

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus that is endemic in certain regions of the world, and may account for significant morbidity and mortality among hospitalised patients. Sixty six HTLV-1 seropositive patients admitted to hospital with HTLV-1 associated diseases from 1995-99 were studied. HTLV-1 screening was done with ELISA and confirmed on western blot testing. There were 32 females (48.5%) and 34 males (51.5%). The mean age was 56 years and the age range was 9-89 years. The main associated diseases were tropical spastic paraparesis or HTLV-1 associated myelopathy in 18.2% of cases, acute form of adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma 7.6%, lymphomas 15.2%, and ectoparasites/endoparasites in 40.9%. HTLV-1 is associated with diseases in Dominica and association with severe forms of strongyloidiasis and scabies is particularly noted.
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PMID:Hospital admissions for human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) associated diseases in Dominica. 1284 Jan 24

Norwegian, or crusted, scabies can be defined as a generalized severe scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis) infestation usually affecting the immunocompromised patient that is most commonly seen with the leukemia-lymphoma group of neoplasms. The diagnosis is commonly missed, which can lead to mismanagement. We describe a patient with Norwegian scabies involving the lower extremities. The patient circumstances and treatment, as well as a review of the literature, are presented. The diagnosis of scabies should always be considered in patients with advanced malignancies and associated pruritus.
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PMID:Norwegian scabies in the immunocompromised patient. 1554 27

Mandrills are naturally infected with simian T-cell leukaemia virus type 1 (STLV-1) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)mnd. In humans, dual infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) may worsen their clinical outcome. We evaluated the effect of co-infection in mandrills on viral burden, changes in T-cell subsets and clinical outcome. The SIV viral load was higher in SIV-infected mandrills than in co-infected animals, whereas the STLV-1 proviral load was higher in co-infected than in mono-infected groups. Dually infected mandrills had a statistically significantly lower CD4+ T-cell count, a lower proportion of naive CD8+ T cells and a higher proportion of central memory cells. CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells from SIV-infected animals had a lower percentage of Ki67 than those from the other groups. Co-infected monkeys had higher percentages of activated CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. Two co-infected mandrills with high immune activation and clonal integration of STLV provirus showed pathological manifestations (infective dermatitis and generalised scabies) rarely encountered in nonhuman primates.
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PMID:Immunological alterations and associated diseases in mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx) naturally co-infected with SIV and STLV. 2472 45

As a Traditional Chinese Medicine, Artemisia annua L. (A. annua) has been used for the treatment of various diseases since ancient times, including intermittent fevers due to malaria, bone steaming and heat/fever arising from exhaustion, tuberculosis, lice, wounds, scabies, dysentery et al. With the discovery of artemisinin and its excellent anti-malarial activity, A. annua has received great attention. Recently, A. annua has been revealed to show inhibitory effects against parasites (e.g. Plasmodium, Toxoplasma gondii, Leishmania, Acanthamoeba, Schistosoma), viruses (e.g. hepatitis A virus, herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, human immunodeficiency virus), fungi (Candida, Malassezia, Saccharomyces spp.) and bacteria (Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, Listeria, Haemophilus, Escherichia, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, Salmonella, Yersinia spp.). A. annua has also been reported to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer actions and been employed for the treatment of osteoarthritis, leukemia, colon cancer, renal cell carcinoma, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, prostate cancre and hepatoma. Besides, the immunoregulation, anti-adipogenic, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-asthmatic, anti-nociceptive and anti-osteoporotic activities of A. annua were also evaluated. Along these lines, this review summarizes the traditional application and modern pharmacological research of A. annua, providing novel insights of A. annua in the treatment of various diseases.
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PMID:Traditional application and modern pharmacological research of Artemisia annua L. 3275 47


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