Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Infant cats were inoculated intracranially with rabies or feline leukemia viruses in an experimental study of wasting syndrome. The daily pre- and postinoculation body weights were recorded until kittens were moribund. Affected animals in both groups manifested growth failure or wasting syndrome. Immunodepression, manifested by a conspicuous depletion of thymic cortex, the thymus dependent areas of the spleen, and growth hormone producing-alpha adenopituicytes was significantly (p less than 0.01) related to the wasting status of the animals. The ability of pituitary glands from these animals to produce growth hormone was studied by in situ immunoperoxidase staining and showed a significant (p less than 0.01) difference between healthy and wasted animals. Rabies and feline leukemia viruses were each found responsible for the low immunoreactivity of growth hormone producing alpha adenopituicytes. Because the hypothalamus and the hypophysis were both found infected, it was concluded that regardless of the triggering agent in primary wasting, the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-thymic axis was always involved through a decrease in growth hormone production.
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PMID:The microepidemiology of wasting syndrome, a common link to diarrheal disease, cancer, rabies, animal models of AIDS, and HIV-AIDS YHAIDS). The feline leukemia virus and rabies virus models. 132 Aug 42

Contamination of Japanese quail, strain Pharaoh, cell culture with oncogenous and infectious avian viruses was studied. The susceptibility of the embryonal cell cultures of the Japanese quail, strain Pharaoh, to measles, parotitis and fixed rabies viruses was also determined. It was found that the sera of pubertal quails had no antibody to Rous sarcoma virus (RSV), strains Brian, RSV (RAV-1), Schmidt-Ruppin, Carr-Zilber, as well as to Marek's disease and Newcastle disease viruses. No reverse transcriptase activity was detected in the embryonal alantoic fluid of this avian species. The quails were less susceptible, as compared to the chicken, to Schmidt-Ruppin and Carr-Zilber strains of RSV. Measles, parotitis and fixed rabies viruses reproduced actively in the Japanese quail, Pharaoh strain, embryonal cell cultures. It is suggested that the embryonal cell cultures of this avian species can be used as a leukemia-free substrate for experimental studies and manufacturing of viral vaccines.
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PMID:["Pharaoh" line culture of Japanese quail cells as a leukosis-free system for virus reproduction]. 625 36

This paper presents data derived from safety and efficacy studies of ALVAC-based rabies and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) vaccine candidates in target species. Inoculation of the ALVAC-RG recombinant was well tolerated in all species including humans and very young dogs. Protection induced in dogs against rabies challenge was long-lasting and could be elicited in the face of high levels of maternally-derived neutralizing antibody. Parenteral inoculation of cats with an ALVAC-FeLV recombinant was safe and induced protection against persistent infection following oro-nasal FeLV challenge.
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PMID:Applications of canarypox (ALVAC) vectors in human and veterinary vaccination. 795 67

Recent information regarding vaccine site-associated sarcomas in cats suggest a relationship to either feline leukemia virus or rabies vaccines. The authors' initial case was in a cat that had received neither of these vaccines. Review of the available hospital records revealed an increasing number of vaccine site-associated sarcomas, none of which were related to feline leukemia virus vaccines. Only one was related to the use of a rabies vaccine, and this tumor occurred in the thigh as opposed to between the shoulder blades. The laboratory data supported an increasing incidence of vaccine site-associated sarcomas, the majority of which occurred in the interscapular area and were associated with routine prophylactic vaccinations.
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PMID:Vaccine site-associated sarcomas in cats: clinical experience and a laboratory review (1982-1993). 868 Sep 26

Sarcomas at vaccination sites in cats were first reported in 1992. Recent retrospective studies have confirmed an association between these vaccination-site sarcomas (VSS) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and/ or rabies vaccines. In most cases, VSS are locally invasive fibrosarcomas that tend to recur but rarely metastasize. We report the mediastinal and pulmonary metastases of a VSS in a FeLV-and feline immunodeficiency virus-negative, 8-year-old, domestic short-haired cat. The primary sarcoma was removed from an interscapular vaccination site and diagnosed as a VSS 3 months prior to radiographic lesions suggestive of pulmonary and mediastinal metastases. At necropsy, there were multiple pulmonary and mediastinal nodules that histologically and ultrastructurally were fibrosarcomas, cytomorphologically similar to the VSS. In addition, immunohistochemical staining patterns of the VSS and metastatic sites were consistent with that described for VSS. Recent reports of pulmonary and mediastinal metastases of interscapular VSS emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of these tumors.
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PMID:Pulmonary and mediastinal metastases of a vaccination-site sarcoma in a cat. 881 54

Epidemiologic evidence shows a strong association between the administration of inactivated feline vaccines (feline leukemia virus and rabies) and subsequent soft tissue sarcoma development at vaccine sites. Although more research is needed to understand the complete pathogenesis of vaccine-induced tumors in cats, good evidence exists that inflammation plays a role.
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PMID:The potential role of inflammation in the development of postvaccinal sarcomas in cats. 882 69

Recombinant pox viruses have been generated for vaccination against heterologous pathogens. Amongst these, the following are notable examples. (i) The engineering of the Copenhagen strain of vaccinia virus to express the rabies virus glycoprotein. When applied in baits, this recombinant has been shown to vaccinate the red fox in Europe and raccoons in the United States, stemming the spread of rabies virus infection in the wild. (ii) A fowlpox-based recombinant expressing the Newcastle disease virus fusion and hemagglutinin glycoproteins has been shown to protect commercial broiler chickens for their lifetime when the vaccine was administered at 1 day of age, even in the presence of maternal immunity against either the Newcastle disease virus or the pox vector. (iii) Recombinants of canarypox virus, which is restricted for replication to avian species, have provided protection against rabies virus challenge in cats and dogs, against canine distemper virus, feline leukemia virus, and equine influenza virus disease. In humans, canarypox virus-based recombinants expressing antigens from rabies virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and HIV have been shown to be safe and immunogenic. (iv) A highly attenuated vaccinia derivative, NYVAC, has been engineered to express antigens from both animal and human pathogens. Safety and immunogenicity of NYVAC-based recombinants expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein, a polyprotein from Japanese encephalitis virus, and seven antigens from Plasmodium falciparum have been demonstrated to be safe and immunogenic in early human vaccine studies.
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PMID:Applications of pox virus vectors to vaccination: an update. 887 38

One can roughly divide disease cluster tests into area-based (using regional data) and point-based (using exact locations). We have compared the power of two area-based methods (Moran's I and I* (pop), a new method) to that of two point-based methods (the Cuzick-Edwards test and Grimson's test), using three realistic simulations of disease (fox rabies in England, childhood leukaemia in North Humberside, England, and Lyme disease in Georgia). The naive belief that point-based methods should be better is not supported: for the complex data simulated here, I* (pop) and the Cuzick-Edwards test had higher power than Grimson's method or Moran's I. I* (pop) capitalizes on high inter-region variability, while Moran's I cannot.
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PMID:Realistic power simulations compare point- and area-based disease cluster tests. 913 5

Strategies to generate highly concentrated HIV-1 vector pseudotypes involving different envelope (Env) proteins including the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) G glycoprotein, the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MLV) 4070A amphotropic Env and the rabies G glycoprotein were established. Virus stocks were prepared by transient transfection using standard cell culture media or serum-free media. Such stocks were concentrated 50- to 300-fold by ultracentrifugation or by ultrafiltration using Centricon Plus-80 units yielding titers of up to 109transducing units per milliliter. There was no loss in titer with any of the pseudotypes tested. Thus, like lentiviral vectors pseudotyped with VSV-G, HIV-1-based vectors pseudotyped with the MLV 4070A amphotropic Env and the rabies G glycoprotein resist inactivation during concentration. This opens up the possibility to generate highly concentrated HIV-1 vector stocks carrying alternative Env proteins on a large scale.
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PMID:Production and concentration of pseudotyped HIV-1-based gene transfer vectors. 1084 49

Epidemiologic evidence supports a relationship between vaccination of cats for rabies and feline leukemia virus with the development of soft tissue sarcomas at the site of administration. These tumors are locally invasive and histologically aggressive. As with high-grade soft tissue sarcoma in humans, combination treatment with radiation therapy and surgery provides for optimum tumor control. Feline vaccine-associated sarcoma has become a difficult issue for the veterinary profession for legal, ethical, and clinical reasons. Although most research efforts have focused on therapeutic intervention, this tumor has great potential to provide an informative model for carcinogenesis and genetic susceptibility applicable to cancer in all species, including humans.
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PMID:Vaccine-associated sarcomas in cats: a unique cancer model. 1115 90


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