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Query: UMLS:C0023418 (leukemia)
 93,477 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A transplantation bioassay method was used to verify the presence of preleukemia cells in C57BL/6 mice shortly after leukemogenic treatment or in relation to age increase. Preleukemia cells were identified mainly among bone marrow cells of old C57BL/6 mice or within 10 to 30 days after leukemogenic treatment of young mice with radiation-induced leukemia virus variants, fractionated doses of irradiation, or 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), although the overt disease did not occur until many months later. Mice could carry preleukemia cells without necessarily developing overt leukemia. Since the leukemogenic agents used in the present studies induced T-leukemias, the role of the thymus in the induction of preleukemia cells was tested. Thymectomy affected viral transformation but did not diminish the number of preleukemia cells induced by DMBA or X-ray.
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PMID:Spontaneous and induced preleukemia cells in C57BL/6 mice:brief communication. 20 13

The six cases of Preleukemia (or Preleukemic States) are described. The peripheral blood was characterised with Pancythopoenia in 5 and bicytopoenia in 1 patient. Morphological alterations of Erythrocytes were present in all cases. The Bone Marrow was hypercellular in 3 and hypocellular in 3 patients. Erythropoiesis was megaloblastic or partly megaloblastic in 5 cases, with "ring" sideroblasts present in all cases. The percentage of Leukemic blast cells was as follow: 0, 5, 6, 10, 30 and 33. The duration of the preleukemic phase varied from 3-53 months. With the manifestations of overt Acute Nonlymphatic Leukemia the agressive therapy was applied. The results were poor in 5 patients (the survival 1, 5-4 m.). Only one survived more than 60 months and is still in full remission.
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PMID:[Preleukemia]. 60 31

Hematological and cytogenetic characteristics of 75 cases of therapy-related acute non lymphoid leukemia (t-ANLL) occurring in Hodgkin's disease (HD) are analysed in this multi-institution study. Combined radio and chemotherapy had been given in 88 per cent of patients, either as adjuvant (44 per cent) or as salvage modality (44 per cent). Radiotherapy alone and chemotherapy alone had been given in 3 per cent and 9 per cent respectively. Eighty per cent of patients were in remission of HD and 71 per cent off-therapy while developing leukemia. The median latent time from remission of HD to leukemia was 34 months. The myeloblastic variety of leukemia accounted for 43 per cent of total cases; the myelomonocytic and monocytic for 17 per cent and 4 per cent, the promyelocytic and erythroblastic variants for 5 per cent and 7 per cent of t-ANLL. Twenty four per cent of cases were unclassifiable; one of these was TdT-positive. Dysplastic features of erythrocytic line were invariably present with circulating erythroblasts; defects of granulocytes, circulating megathrombocytes and micromegakaryocytes were also present. Bone marrow hypoplasia and marked fibrosis were documented in 47 per cent and 30 per cent of cases. Preleukemia heralded overt leukemia in 73 per cent of cases; 37 per cent had refractory anemia with no excess of blasts; 16 per cent of preleukemias were unclassifiable. Cytogenetics revealed chromosome abnormalities in 83 per cent of cases; 72 per cent presented chromosome 5 and/or 7 monosomy or partial deletion (5q- or 7q-) of the long arm (94 per cent in the combined modality therapy group). In 3 cases, a pure monosomy 7 was observed; in none 5q-alone. Response rate to conventional therapy was 14 per cent; low and high-dose cytarabine were of little benefit. Long-term CR (28 + and 16 + months) was achieved in 2 cases with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) as first-line therapy. A better knowledge of t-ANLL in HD and new therapies, including BMT, may improve the prognosis of this late complication of intensive HD treatment.
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PMID:Treatment-related leukemia in Hodgkin's disease: a multi-institution study on 75 cases. 243 31

The clinical and cell growth characteristics of 11 children with monosomy 7 presenting as preleukemia (eight cases) or acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (three cases) were studied. Anemia was common to all patients, with nine showing leukocytosis, seven thrombocytopenia, and one thrombocytosis. There was a striking predominance of males (M/F ratio, 10:1) and a young median age (3 years). Preleukemia evolved to acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia in five patients and to myelofibrosis in one. In vitro studies of bone marrow progenitor cells cultured in leukocyte feeder-stimulated agar revealed abnormal cell proliferative patterns, most often an increased number of small clusters, for all 11 subjects. The cells of some preleukemic patients showed increased growth even in the absence of an exogenous source of colony-stimulating factor, suggesting autonomous growth or possibly autocrine stimulation. Combination chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation failed to induce complete remission in the seven patients who were treated. Our findings in these 11 cases confirm the poor prognosis of monosomy 7 presenting as preleukemia in children. The in vitro studies suggest an association between altered cell growth in vitro and clinical evolution to frank leukemia.
Leukemia 1987 Feb
PMID:Childhood monosomy 7 syndrome: clinical and in vitro studies. 366 40

Preleukemia is a well-defined syndrome of hematopoietic dysfunction that may antedate the development of acute myelogenous leukemia. Granulocytic sarcoma refers to neoplastic infiltration in the skin, composed of immature cells of the granulocyte series. We report two cases of granulocytic sarcoma in the setting of preleukemia. The clinical importance of these cases, as well as the cutaneous manifestations of leukemia and the clinical spectrum of granulocytic sarcoma, are presented.
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PMID:Granulocytic sarcoma. A new finding in the setting of preleukemia. 659 7

Chromosomal translocations, leading to gene rearrangements that generate chimerical proteins, represent one of the initiating events of leukemia. Preleukemia cells eventually develop into overt leukemia by occurrence of secondary genetic alterations (tumor progression). The physiopathology of leukemia has made considerable progress during the last two decades, due to molecular biology investigations on the role played by the altered genes, during neoplasic hemopoiesis. In vitro studies have been facilitated by the establishment of stable leukemia cell lines bearing these gene rearrangements and secondary gene mutations. Investigations on acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) have benefited from maturation sensitive and resistant cell lines (NB4 and UF-1) derived from APL patient's leukemia cells and bearing the t(15;17). The information concerning the NB4 cell line (responsiveness to retinoid/rexinoid, cAMP, arsenic, mutations causing resistance) is spread in an abundant literature. In this paper, we briefly recapitulate the cellular and molecular features of this cell line and its subclones with the aim of facilitating investigators in their choice of the most appropriate tool for their studies. As redundancy of several names given to NB4 sublines has sometimes created difficulties, we propose a nomenclature for the various NB4 sublines that most investigators certainly would be agreed with.
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PMID:Maturation sensitive and resistant t(15;17) NB4 cell lines as tools for APL physiopathology: nomenclature of cells and repertory of their known genetic alterations and phenotypes. 1170 57